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Internationalization of Ethical Values in Toba Batak Ceremonies: An Anthroplinguistic Perspective Siregar, Arjuna Junifer; Tampubolon, Flansius; Situmorang, Rahel Theresia Rodame; Tifany
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.978

This study aims to examine the process of internalization of ethical values in Toba Batak traditional ceremonies through an anthropolinguistic approach. Traditional ceremonies are symbolic spaces where language, ritual actions, and kinship relations interact and represent cultural values. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques involving analysis of ritual texts used in various ceremonies, such as mangulosi, mangarapot, and mangulosi boru. The results show that ethical values such as somba marhula-hula, manat mardongan tubu, and elek marboru are internalized through traditional speech, kinship arrangements, and material symbols used in ceremonial processions. The anthropolinguistic analysis indicates that ritual language functions not only as a means of communication but also as a mechanism for reinforcing social norms passed down through generations. Furthermore, the internalization of ethical values in the younger generation occurs through the repetition of traditional language formulas, the strengthening of the role of Dalihan Na Tolu in the social structure, and direct participation in family ritual processions. This research confirms that Toba Batak traditional ceremonies serve a crucial role as a medium for the reproduction of moral and ethical values, as well as an instrument for preserving cultural identity amidst the tide of modernization. These findings contribute to the development of anthropolinguistic studies and a deeper understanding of the relationship between language, culture, and ethics in Toba Batak society.

Representation of Cosmological Values in the Architecture of Traditional Toba Batak Houses Tifany; Situmorang, Rahel Theresia Rodame; Silaban, Immanuel; Siregar, Arjuna Junifer; Siberani, Robert
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.980

The architecture of Toba Batak traditional houses is a cultural heritage of the Indonesian archipelago, rich in symbolism and cosmological values. This study aims to examine the representation of cosmological values in the structure, spatial layout, and ornamentation of Toba Batak traditional houses, and to understand how these values function in the socio-cultural life of the community. Using a descriptive qualitative method with an anthropolinguistic approach and symbolic analysis, data were collected through literature review. The results show that Toba Batak traditional house architecture functions not only as a residence but also as a manifestation of the cosmos, composed of three main layers: the upper world (banua ginjang), the middle world (banua tonga), and the lower world (banua toru). This spatial division is represented through the stilt structure of the house, the orientation of the building facing north or the rising sun, and the use of gorga ornaments, which symbolize life, strength, and protection. Furthermore, the house’s raised-from-the-ground construction system reflects the concept of separating sacred and profane space, while the curved roof symbolizes the human connection with ancestors and divine powers. This research confirms that Toba Batak architecture is a medium for transmitting cosmological values that continue to live on in the community’s cultural practices. These findings are expected to contribute to the preservation of traditional architecture and the development of vernacular architectural studies in Indonesia.

Development of Batak Weaving Tradition as a Creative Economic Product Based on Local Wisdom Sinulingga, Jekmen; Situmorang, Rahel Theresia Rodame; Tifany; Siregar, Arjuna Junifer
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.1009

Developing the Batak weaving tradition as part of the creative economy is a strategic effort to strengthen cultural values while improving the welfare of local communities. This study aims to analyze the preservation, innovation, and utilization of local wisdom in the Batak weaving production process so that it can be developed as a competitive creative economy product. The research method used a qualitative approach using observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies of ulos artisans in several regions in North Sumatra who still preserve Batak weaving. The results show that the weaving tradition not only functions as a socio-ritual identity and symbol but also has high economic potential when packaged innovatively. Motif development, product diversification, and the use of natural dyes are key strategies to meet the needs of the modern market without abandoning traditional values. Furthermore, the role of indigenous communities and women weaver groups is crucial in maintaining the continuity of local knowledge. The main challenges faced are limited regeneration of young weavers, a lack of support for production technology, and limited market access. This study confirms that the integration of local wisdom, design innovation, and digital marketing strategies can strengthen the position of Batak weaving as a competitive creative economy product. Thus, developing the weaving tradition is not only a means of cultural preservation but also a path to sustainable economic empowerment for the Batak people.

The Affixation Process Pattern of the Batak Pakpak Dairi Language Situmorang, Rahel Theresia Rodame; Tifany; Siregar, Arjuna Junifer; Pangaribuan, Dion Nardi; Saragih, Erikson; Purba, Asriaty R.
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.971

Language is not only a means of communication, but also a reflection of the identity and culture of a society; Through this research on Pakpak Dairi language affixations, researchers invite readers to explore the unique structure and function, the meaning behind each affix which enriches the Batak linguistic heritage. This research aims to describe the types, functions and meaning of affixation. Affixation in the Pakpak Dairi language is the process of a word experiencing affixes, the types of affixes in the Pakpak Dairi language are divided into four groups, namely: Prefixes (i-, me, mer, pe, per, se, and ter) Infixes (-in-, and –um-), Suffixes – en, -i, -ken,), Confixes (ke-en, mersi-en). The function of Pakpak Dairi language affixations is where the four affixations change form into passive verbs and active verbs and the meaning of affixations is where the data from the four affixations are interpreted into a sentence. The method used in this research is a literature study method. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be found that there are 52 affixation types, 29 words for prefix affixation functions, 10 words for suffixes, 8 words for infixes, and 5 words for confixes.

Ritual Language Cultural Values in the Tradition of the Toba Batak Tribe ini Toba Samosir: Anthropolinguistic Study Situmorang, Rahel Theresia Rodame; Silaban, Immanuel; Siregar, Arjuna Junifer; Tifany; Sibarani, Robert
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.975

This research examines the form, function and meaning of ritual language in the Toba Batak community in Toba Samosir Regency through an anthropolinguistic approach. Ritual language is an important tool in traditional ceremonies which not only functions as a means of communication, but also as a medium for transmitting cultural values, social systems and ethnic identity. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with participatory observation techniques, and analysis of traditional speech texts such as umpasa, mangupa prayers, and kinship greetings. The results of the research show that the Toba Batak ritual language reflects the dalihan natolu social system which emphasizes balanced social relations, respect for ancestors and clan solidarity. Traditional speeches such as umpasa contain moral values such as honesty, sincerity, hard work and mutual cooperation. Even though modernization has brought changes in the context of ritual language use, the Toba Batak community still maintains core values through adapting forms and media. Thus, the Toba Batak traditional language functions as a living and dynamic cultural structure, representing a close relationship between language, culture and ethnic identity.

Language Variation in Tradistional Ceremony of the Batak Toba: A Sociaolinguistic Analysis Purba, Asriaty R.; Situmorang, Rahel Theresia Rodame; Siregar, Arjuna Junifer; Tifany
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.976

This study aims to analyze language variation that occurs in Toba Batak traditional ceremonies through a sociolinguistic perspective. Language variation in a traditional context is understood as a socio-cultural phenomenon that reflects the identity, values, and social structure of the speaking community (Fishman, 1972). Toba Batak traditional ceremonies, such as the unjuk (showing ceremony), mangulosi (mangulosi), mangalahat horbo (showing ceremony), and traditional weddings, have distinctive and functional language structures, such as the use of umpasa (words), tutur (words), hata somba (words), and hata andung (words). These languages serve not only as a means of communication but also as a means of strengthening social relations, respect, and the transmission of cultural values (Sibarani, 2012). The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach using text analysis and literature review techniques. Data were obtained from various ritual documents, recordings of traditional ceremonies, and previous research on Toba Batak linguistics. The results indicate that language variation in Toba Batak traditional ceremonies is influenced by kinship, social status, ritual context, and specific communicative purposes (Duranti, 1997). This study finds that modern social changes influence speech styles, particularly among the younger generation, who are beginning to become familiar with Indonesian. These findings demonstrate a shift in form, but not the elimination of the cultural function of ritual language. This research contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of regional languages in cultural practices and provides a foundation for the preservation of Toba Batak linguistics in the modern era.

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