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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Human Care Journal Jurnal Ners Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Neurona Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung: Sains Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Sutia, Dedi
Department Of Neurology, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, 25166, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Hubungan Kadar Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Serum dengan Skor Nihss dan Ich Score pada Pasien Stroke Hemoragik Dicky Lesmana; Syarif Indra; Restu Susanti; Yuliarni Syafrita; Dedi Sutia; Lydia Susanti
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i1.54075

Abstract

Hemorrhagic stroke, particularly intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and is associated with poorer outcomes than ischemic stroke. The severity of ICH is commonly assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the ICH score. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an astrocytic protein released into the circulation as a result of glial tissue injury and is known to be elevated in various types of stroke, with generally higher concentrations in ICH. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of GFAP as an indicator of disease severity and clinical outcomes in ICH. This was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design conducted in patients with hemorrhagic stroke hospitalized at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from February to July 2025. Serum GFAP levels were measured using the ELISA method, while disease severity and mortality were assessed using the NIHSS and ICH score. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal–Wallis test to examine the relationship between GFAP and NIHSS, and Pearson or Spearman correlation tests to evaluate the relationship between GFAP and the ICH score. Most subjects had moderate stroke severity based on the NIHSS (48.57%). The median serum GFAP level was 3.41 ng/mL (1.75–17.7). Analysis showed a significant difference in GFAP levels across the three NIHSS severity categories (p = 0.001), particularly between the mild–severe (p = 0.002) and moderate–severe (p = 0.001) groups. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between GFAP levels and the ICH score (p = 0.000; r = 0.481). In addition, GFAP levels were significantly higher in patients with hemorrhage volumes >30 cc compared with those ≤30 cc (median 7.29 vs 3.24 ng/mL; p = 0.000). Serum GFAP levels were significantly associated with NIHSS score, ICH score, and hemorrhage volume in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. These findings support the use of GFAP as a biomarker for assessing severity and prognosis in hemorrhagic stroke.
Hubungan Kadar Protein S100B Serum dengan Volume Perdarahan dan Tingkat Keparahan Pasien Perdarahan Intraserebral Spontan Fadrian Herjunio; Syarif Indra; Restu Susanti; Yuliarni Syafrita; Dedi Sutia; Reno Bestari
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1662

Abstract

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a hemorrhagic stroke with high mortality and morbidity rates. Hemorrhage volume and the degree of neurological severity are important factors influencing prognosis. Brain tissue damage due to hemorrhage triggers the release of biomarkers such as S100B protein, which is secreted by astrocytes. This study aims to determine the relationship between serum S100B protein levels and the volume of bleeding and severity in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. This observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 47 patients with primary spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage aged ≥18 years with onset within 0–24 hours, admitted to Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital between August 2025 and February 2026 and confirmed by head CT scan. Serum S100B protein levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hemorrhage volume was assessed using the Broderick method, and severity was assessed using the NIHSS score. Statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A total of 30 patients (63.8%) had a bleeding volume <30 cc and 27 patients (57.4%) had moderate neurological deficits. The median serum S100B protein level was 0.049 µg/L. There was a significant median difference between serum S100B protein levels and hemorrhage volume (p=0.047), but not with clinical severity based on the NIHSS (p=0.173). Serum S100B protein levels differed significantly between the small and large hemorrhage volume groups, but not across clinical severity groups based on the NIHSS.
Co-Authors Afriyeni Sri Rahmi Andi Fadilah Yusran Putri Andi Fadilah Yusran Putri Andi Fadilah Yusran Putri, Andi Fadilah Yusran Arinda, Lenny Dhani Arief Prandana Dicky Lesmana Fadrian Herjunio Fanny Adhy Putri Firstisa Nuzulia K Gunawan Septa Dinata Hendra Permana Hendra Permana Hendra Permana Indra, Syarif K, Firstisa Nuzulia Lenny Arinda Lesti Marliana Lydia Susanti, Lydia Novia Riza Lestari Reno Bestari Reno Bestari Restu Susanti Ribka Ankashima Sembiring Ridho Ahmad Jabbar Rizki Muhammad Rananda Syarif Indra Syarif Indra Syarif Indra Syarif Indra Syarif Indra Yuliarni Syafrita