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HUMAN AGENCY IN ISLAMIC MORAL REASONING Mohammad Syifa Amin Widigdo
Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism Vol. 4 No. 1 (2014): June
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sadra

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Abstract

The notion of human agency is generally associated with human capability to be autonomous in making choices and action, the human ability to make acts of resistance toward certain hegemonic and established rules or authorities. In the context of the tradition of Islamic legal thought, human agency is not merely contained in the term of human submission to the transmitted authority of the Quran and hadith, but also in another forms. This paper tries to show that there are legal maxims in the tradition of uṣūl fiqh that enable for the development of the idea of human agency which does not merely have an orientation to the human necessity of submission to the religious scriptural authority, but also the concept of human agency which based on human nature to be autonomous and resistant. While elaborating some concepts in the uṣūl fiqh such as qiyās, istiḥsān, istiṣlāḥ, and istiṣḥāb we would find out that one’s ethical act in Islam does not merely proceed from religious scripture but it is also based on the human’s autonomous thoughts which would culminate in the emerging of more contextual, not textual, concepts of human agency.
SUHRAWARDI’S ONTOLOGY: FROM “ESSENCE-EXISTENCE” TO “LIGHT”: (A Suhrawardian Reply to Sadrian Critiques) Mohammad Syifa Amin Widigdo
Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014): December
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sadra

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Abstract

The distinction between essence (mahiyyah) and existence (wujūd) has been a consuming problem among philosophers, at least since al-Farabi and ibn Sina. It has become the starting point in reinterpretation of reality, whether objective or merely subjective, the problem of fundamentality (principal) and respectivality (mental conception) in the realms of ontology and epistemology which never been discussed specifically before. Suhrawardi is one of philosophers who tries to provide different interpretation and even critiques toward previous philosophers (especially ibn Sina) in this regard. Even though he supports ibn Sina’s point of view that there is distinction between essence and existence, but he also has his own conclusion in this case whichis formulated in his theory of “light”. This article tries to present the ideas of Suhrawardi on “essence and existence” and the theory of light. Here will be discussed also some critiques from Sadrian school and the answers to those critiques by Suhrawardian philosophers.
Strategi Pembelajaran Terjemah Al-Quran Dengan Pendekatan Metode Tamyiz Pada Santri MBS Pleret Samsul Bahri; Moh. Naim Madjid; Muh. Syifa Amin Widigdo
G-Couns: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Vol. 7 No. 03: Agustus 2023, G-Couns: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/gcouns.v7i03.4720

Abstract

Terjemah al-Quran salah satu program pembelajaran yang bertujuan menjaga standar al-Quran sebagai wahyu dan firman Allah SWT serta upaya pengamalan al-Quran agar ilmu yang diperoleh dapat dipahami dan diamalkan. Dewasa ini metode pembelajaran al-Quran di tanah air sudah banyak mengalami perkembangan dan keberagaman, hal itu dapat kita jumpai melalui taman pendidikan al-Quran, sekolah formal, dan pesantren. Metode Tamyiz salah satu metode yang menjadi solusi kepada peserta didik agar lebih efektif mempelajari al-Quran beserta terjemahannya. Penelitian ini mengguunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode kasus tunggal pada sebuah pesantren di yang berlokasi di PPM MBS Pleret. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi pembelajaran metode Tamyiz di PPM MBS Pleret berjalan efektif pada pembelajaran terjemah al-Quran dengan strategi pembelajaran penyiapan guru pengampu, pengelolaan kelompok, tahapan-tahapan materi pembelajaran dan desain kurikulum serta serta teknik evaluasi test berjenjang dan terstruktur. Kata kunci: strategi pembelajaran, terjemah al-quran, tamyiz, PPM MBS pleret
MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU PEDULI LINGKUNGAN SEHAT MELALUI PELATIHAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI DUKUH SIGRAN Fitriah M. Suud; Mohammad Syifa Amin Widigdo; Mariah KIbtiyah
JCOMENT (Journal of Community Empowerment) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Community Empowerment
Publisher : The Journal Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55314/jcoment.v4i1.451

Abstract

Produksi sampah terus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk, perubahan pola konsumsi, dan gaya hidup masyarakat. Permasalahan yang teridentifikasi meliputi meningkatkan jumlah timbunan sampah dengan berbagai jenis, dan keberagaman karakteristik sampah. Permasalahan selanjutnya adalah terkait paradigma masyarakat terhadap sampah sampai pada regulasi terkait pengelolaan sampah. Pengelolaan sampah yang baik akan menurunkan jumlah volume sampah yang dibuang ke lingkungan. Hal ini diharapkan menjadi upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut sehingga mendorong lahirnya perilaku hidup yang peduli dan memperhatikan lingkungan hidup sekitar. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pelatihan pengolahan sampah untuk dapat lebih bermanfaat dan memberikan edukasi pada masyarakat tentang macam-macam jenis sampah, cara pemilahan serta pengolahan sampah yang bernilai ekonomis. Metode pengabdian yang ditawarkan adalah penyuluhan tentang perilaku hidup sehat dengan peduli lingkungan, selanjutnya memberikan training tentang pengolahan sampah yang sering ditemui sehari-hari, monitoring dan juga evaluasi. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat sangat antusias merubah pola menangani sampah seperti berupaya menghindari penggunaan sampah plastik dan juga berupaya untuk mengolah sampah menjadi pakan ternak ikan salah satunya adalah diadakannya ternak ikan lele dengan pakannya berasal dari pengolahan sampah rumah tangga sehari-hari.
The PUNISHMENTS FOR INTELLECTUAL ACTORS IN THE CRIME OF MURDER: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISLAMIC LAW AND POSITIVE LAW IN INDONESIA Muhammad Hanifan Musliman Ma'as; Mohammad Syifa Amin Widigdo
istinbath Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/ijhi.v22i2.638

Abstract

The involvement of intellectual actors in criminal cases generally goes unpunished and does not receive much attention in academic studies. Positive law in Indonesia and Islamic law have clear provisions regarding punishment for criminal acts committed by intellectual actors, especially in cases of murder. Therefore, the article aims to understand the position of intellectual actors in murder cases in Islamic law and positive law. In Islamic law, the intellectual actor could receive the death penalty. Similarly, in the positive law,  the death penalty could also be applied to the intellectual actor of murder cases. This case of murder provides an important illustration of how Islamic law is, to a certain extent, accommodated in positive law in Indonesia. By examining primary and secondary sources on the issue of these intellectual actors in Islamic law (fiqh literature) and positive law (Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana, KUHP), this article comparatively discusses the similarities and differences between Islamic law and positive law in providing legal opinion for intellectual actors in murder cases.
JADAL AND THE INTEGRATION OF KALĀM AND FIQH: A CRITICAL STUDY OF IMĀM AL-ḤARAMAYN AL-JUWAYNĪ’S APPLICATION OF ISLAMIC DIALECTIC Widigdo, Mohammad Syifa Amin
Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/analisa.v4i02.843

Abstract

This article examines Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī’s application of jadal theory in both his legal and theological work by analyzing critically his  major writings, namely: Kitāb al-Irshād (1950), al-Kāfīya fī al-jadal (1979), al-Burhān fī uṣūl al-fiqh (1980), al-Durrah al-Muḍīyah fī mā waqaʿa fīhi al-khilāf bayn al-Shāfiʿīyah wa al-Ḥanafīyah (1986), and Tafḍīl madhhab al-Shāfiʿī ʿalā sā’ir al-madhāhib (2013). Through a hermeneutical reading of these books, I find that Imām al-Ḥaramayn’s application of jadal renders the integration of kalām and fiqh. At first, Imām al-Ḥaramayn aims to obtain knowledge with a certain level of certainty (in the forms of ʿilm or ghalabat al-ẓann) in law and theology by applying jadal in both disciplines. Then, this scholarly attempt of obtaining certainty interestingly provides an epistemological ground for the integration of kalām and fiqh. He inserts theological elements in his legal scholarship and incorporates a juridical perspective in his theological work. As a result, he “rationalizes” Shāfiʿī legal doctrines on the one hand and “traditionalizes” rational theology on the other. This epistemological foundation for the integration of kalām and fiqh is important not only because it provides a different description of Islamic intellectual history, but also redefines the concept of Sunnī in the eleventh century.
Mapping the Bruneian and Acehnese reponses towards sharia law formalization and its implementation Salleh, Abdu Muizz Mohd; Widigdo, Mohammad Syifa Amin
IJISH (International Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/ijish.v7i1.8625

Abstract

Brunei Darussalam and Aceh are the only two Southeast Asian regions that apply Islamic Sharia law. Both regions have applied Islamic Sharia law for more than ten years and yet have received many reactions from both internal and external regarding the application. This study aims to examine the formulation of sharia in Brunei and Aceh and how the people of Brunei and Aceh respond to its implementation.  Based on the findings, Shari law in Aceh hudud tends to appear more liberal and moderate because the ideas are not connected to a school of fiqh. At the same time, Brunei demonstrates a distinct "thread" with traditional fiqh ideas, particularly the Shafi'i school. This article will also discuss groups who accept Islamic law willingly, those who completely reject it, and those who are forced to accept but still criticize it.
Peran Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Penetapan Dispensasi Nikah Perspektif Children’s Best Interest : Studi Kasus Pengadilan Agama Wonosari Hernawan, Hernawan; Widigdo, Mohammad Syifa Amin
Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 17, No 5 : Al Qalam (September 2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Al-Qur'an (STIQ) Amuntai Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35931/aq.v17i5.2652

Abstract

Dispensasi kawin pada dasarnya merupakan penyimpangan dari batas usia minimum untuk menikah, yaitu 19 tahun baik bagi laki-laki maupun perempuan. Paradigma penanganan perkara permohonan dispensasi kawin di Pengadilan Agama berubah dengan keluarnya Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 dan PERMA Nomor 5 Tahun 2019. Peraturan tersebut mengutamakan asas kepentingan terbaik bagi anak dalam rangka melindungi hak-hak anak. dengan membatasi alasan-alasan untuk mengajukan dispensasi perkawinan. Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 mengatur tentang pengajuan dispensasi nikah karena alasan yang mendesak disertai dengan bukti yang cukup. Namun fenomena pernikahan dini masih menunjukkan angka yang tinggi. Untuk itu diperlukan peran aktif hakim dalam mengadili perkara ini, termasuk mengutamakan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yaitu penelitian hukum normatif-empiris. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan hukum primer yang meliputi peraturan perundang-undangan dan putusan pengadilan agama, sedangkan bahan hukum sekunder adalah jurnal dan artikel. Makalah ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus, data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa tidak semua pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus perkara dispensasi perkawinan di Pengadilan Agama Wonosari secara jelas mencerminkan prinsip kepentingan anak dalam memutus perkara permohonan dispensasi perkawinan. Hal ini terlihat dari (1) dispensasi kawin yang diberikan masih tinggi yaitu 90% (2) Penafsiran hakim dengan alasan mendesak masih bersifat antisipatif dan (3) Pendampingan psikologis terhadap anak yang diberikan dispensasi nikah tidak semuanya diperintahkan oleh hakim dalam putusan pengadilan.
Strengthening the psychological well-being of students with single parent through the role of religiosity, parenting, and conformity Janti, Sita Ana; Rahmatullah, Azam Syukur; Widigdo, Muhammad Syifa Amin
KONSELI: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling (E-Journal) Vol 10 No 2 (2023): KONSELI : Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling (E-journal)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/kons.v10i2.17419

Abstract

Childcare is essential, and parents must educate children during their development phase. Parental care provided by both the father and mother has an important role. This research aims to determine the influence of religiosity, parenting patterns, and conformity on the psychological well-being of students with single parents. This research is a field study with a quantitative approach. The research subjects were chosen by randomly sampling as many as 63 students from 5 Muhammadiyah high schools in Yogyakarta. Research data was obtained from the distribution of the Scales of Psychological Well-being (SPWB), The Centrality of Religious Scale (CRS), The Parenting Scale (PS), and The Comfort Scale (CS). Research data was analyzed using a simple regression approach. The research results show that religiosity, parenting style, and conformity are proven to influence the psychological well-being of students with single parents. The religiosity variable contributed an influence of 28%, parenting style 25.3%, and conformity 32.6%; in other words, the conformity variable had the most significant influence compared to the religiosity and parenting variables. This research implies that improving the psychological well-being of students who have single parents can be done by increasing the value of religiosity and good conformity and paying attention to students’ parenting patterns.
The Dynamics of Kafa’ah Nasab and the Identity of Sharifah Women: An Examination of Sayyid Utsman's Perspectives within the Context of Gender Equality Nouvaldi, Ahmad Azzam; Widigdo, Mohammad Syifa Amin
Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi dan Penelitian Hukum Islam Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Vol. 8, No. 2, April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jua.v8i2.44150

Abstract

This research examines the concept of equality of status (kafâ'ah nasab) in marriage, particularly within the family community of habaib descendants (sayyid and sharifah). The study is approached through the lens of Sayyid Utsman bin Yahya's thoughts and is contextualised within the framework of gender equality studies. Within the habaib tradition, marriages between a sharifah and a non-sayyid man are frequently rejected on the grounds of perceived deficiencies in lineage, and such unions are often deemed to contravene social and religious norms. Sayyid Uthman, a prominent scholar of the Dutch East Indies colonial period, underscored the invalidity of such marriages in several of his works, which subsequently became significant references in the social structure of the habaib community. However, from a gender equality standpoint, this practice raises issues of discrimination against women and reinforces a patriarchal system rooted in lineage. This research employs a qualitative approach, utilising literature review methods and interviews with Rabithah Alawiyah. The findings indicate that, in practice, kafâ'ah nasab has evolved into a mechanism of social control that restricts women's autonomy in selecting a life partner and perpetuates inequality in gender relations. Consequently, a reinterpretation of this concept is necessary to align it with Islamic sociology and the principles of justice inherent in Islam.