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PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN CT-SCAN KEPALA PEDIATRIC DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RSUD KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG Virzio Tri Pradana; Sofie Nornalita Dewi; Arnefia Mei Yusnida
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Background: Head CT scans performed at the Pediatric Radiology Unit of Temanggung Regency Hospital use the adult head protocol (Head Helical). This differs from the theory that specific head protocols are required for each age group. The purpose of this study was to determine the pediatric head CT scan procedure at the Radiology Unit of Temanggung Regency Hospital, the rationale for using the adult head CT scan protocol for pediatric head CT scans, and the radiation protection measures implemented during pediatric head CT scans. Methods: This study employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review at the Radiology Unit of Temanggung Regency Hospital. Subjects included three radiographers and one radiation protection officer, with the pediatric head CT scan procedure as the object of the study. Data were analyzed through observation, interviews, and documentation. Interview results were transcribed and then summarized using a categorization table. The summarized data were presented in narrative form and explained with a theoretical basis to draw conclusions. Results: Pediatric head CT scans performed at the Radiology Department of Temanggung District Hospital used the adult protocol (Head Helical) without modifications based on age classification. Parameters such as tube voltage (120 kV) and current (300 mAs) were the same for infants and children, resulting in CTDIvol (78.1 mGy) and DLP values exceeding the BAPETEN IDRL standard. Although diagnostic imaging results were considered good, the risk of high radiation exposure remains a concern. Several reasons for the lack of protocol adjustments for pediatric head CT scans include: habit, timeliness, culture, and prioritizing good image quality. Radiation protection for patients and caregivers was implemented according to standards, including the use of aprons and educational procedures. Conclusion: The procedure was largely in accordance with theory from a technical and protective perspective, but the use of the adult protocol without adjustments increases the risk of overdose in pediatric patients. Periodic evaluation and implementation of pediatric-specific protocols based on the ALARA principle are strongly recommended for pediatric patient safety
STUDI KASUS TEKNIK PEMERIKSAAN RADIOGRAFI FEMUR DENGAN PENYUDUTAN ARAH SINAR MEDIOLATERAL 20 DEJARAT KLINIS FRAKTUR DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RSUD KOTA YOGYAKARTA Alfin Ramadhani Suharyono; Ayu Mahanani; Dina Widyasari
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Background: Femoral fracture is one of the most common bone injuries, especially in the elderly, and requires proper radiological treatment and diagnosis. Radiographic examination with Anteroposterior (AP) and Lateral projections are basic projections to assess and see abnormalities in the femur, while in the Radiology Installation of the Yogyakarta City Hospital using Anteroposterior (AP) and Lateral 200 projections. Based on these conditions, this study aims to determine the technique of radiographic examination of the femur and the reasons for using the Lateral 200 projection in cases of femoral fractures in the Radiology Installation of the Yogyakarta City Hospital. Methods: The type of research used is qualitative research with a case study approach. The research location is in the Radiology installation of the Yogyakarta City Hospital. The research was conducted from September 2024 to May 2025. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, documentation and literature studies. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation of one radiology specialist and two radiographers with at least 5 years of work experience. The object of the study was the femur bone with clinical fractures, while the tools included observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and documentation tools. Result and Dicussion: The examination procedure begins with preparing equipment such as an X-ray machine, a 35×43 cm detector, markers, grids, and sandbags for fixation. Patient preparation includes removing metal objects in the examination area to prevent artifacts. The reason for using a 200 Lateral projection is because the patient's uncooperative condition due to pain or limited mobility often makes it difficult to perform. The 200 beam angle in the Lateral projection is an alternative that allows images from the Lateral side to be obtained without having to change the patient's position significantly. The radiograph results with a 20° Lateral projection are able to show abnormalities, although anatomically not as sharp as the true Lateral projection. Conlusions: Modified Lateral projection technique with a 20° angle has been proven effective in obtaining adequate diagnostic information in non-cooperative femoral fracture patients. This technique not only maintains the quality of the radiograph but also increases patient comfort during the procedure
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR PENYEBAB PENGULANGAN CITRA RADIOGRAFI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENJAGA KESELAMATAN PASIEN DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM AISYIYAH PONOROGO Fasya Fouris Falentin; Fisnandya Meita Astari; Muhammad Za’im
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Latar Belakang: Pengulangan citra radiografi (repeat) merupakan pengambilan ulang gambar karena hasil radiograf tidak optimal. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan dosis radiasi yang diterima pasien dan menurunkan mutu layanan radiologi. Menurut Permenkes No.129/Menkes/SK/II/2008, standar pengulangan citra radiografi ≤ 2%. Dari hasil observasi yang telah dilakukan, menunjukan bahwa masih banyak terjadi pengulangan citra dan tidak ada perhitungan yang sistematis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sistem perhitungan pengulangan citra radiografi, dampak keselamatan pasien, serta upaya untuk mengurangi terjadinya repeat. Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2024 hingga Januari 2025 dengan pendekatan metode campuran (mix-method) yang menggabungkan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan analisis data. Data kualitatif didapatkan dari data primer yaitu informan, wawancara, observasi dan data sekunder diperoleh dari sumber lain yaitu dari, peraturan mentri kesehatan, artikel, buku, naskah publikasi, dan catatan mandiri. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak dilakukan perhitungan serta pencatatan pengulangan citra radiografi di setiap bulannya. Terdapat 460 kali repeat citra radiografi dari bulan November 2024 hingga Januari 2025 dari total 6.892 pemeriksaan. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan repeat yaitu posisi pasien 73,36%, artefak sebesar 14,13%, pergerakan sebesar 9,56%, faktor eksposi sebesar 1,95%, dan faktor peralatan sebesar 1%. Sehingga dosis yang diterima pasien menjadi lebih besar dan dapat menimbulkan efek samping terhadap kesehatan serta keselamatan pasien. Solusi untuk mengurangi repeat yaitu lebih berhati-hati, teliti saat pemeriksaan agar tidak terjadi pengulangan citra di masa mendatang. Kesimpulan: Sistem perhitungan serta pencatatan pengulangan citra radiografi tidak dilakukan setiap bulannya. Dampak pengulangan dosis yang diterima oleh pasien menjadi lebih besar. Solusi untuk mengurangi terjadinya repeat yaitu lebih berhati-hati dan teliti dalam melakukan pemeriksaan. Sebaiknya instalasi radiologi melakukan pencatatan pengulangan di setiap bulan guna mengontrol jumlah pengulangan citra radiografi tidak mengalami kenaikan dari standar yang telah ditentukan untuk menjaga kualitas layanan radiologi dan keselamatan pasien
STUDI KASUS TEKNIK RADIOGRAFI COLON IN LOOP PEDIATRIK DENGAN KLINIS INVAGINASI DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RSUD MUNTILAN Wardah Fauziyah; Ari Anggraeni; Widya Mufida
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Background: A pediatric colonoscopy for clinical intussusception was conducted at the Radiology Department of RSUD (Regional General Hospital) Muntilan without preoperative preparation, utilizing plain anteroposterior, lateral, and AP single-contrast projections with a total volume of approximately 1200 ml of BaSO₄. Differences were observed in the examination procedure and contrast volume compared to Mahardika's study conducted at the Dr. Moewardi Regional Hospital Radiology Department in Surakarta. This study aims to determine the best technique for conducting a pediatric colonoscopy in cases of clinical intussusception, the justification for employing BaSO₄, and the appropriate volume of contrast media used. Method: This study employed a qualitative methodology utilizing a case study approach. The research was carried out at the Radiology Department of Muntilan Regional Hospital between May and June 2025. The participants included three radiographers and one radiologist. The research was carried out in the colonoscopy department. Data were collected through interviews and documentation. Data were subsequently analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing methods. Result: The pediatric colonoscopy procedure for clinical intussusception at the Muntilan Regional Hospital Radiology Department is conducted without patient preparation. Barium sulfate (BaSO₄) is utilized as the contrast medium to generate hydrostatic pressure on the intussusception, anticipated to facilitate its release. The total volume of contrast medium is approximately 1200 ml, requiring reinsertion to adequately fill the entire colon and cecum due to contrast reflux. The anteroposterior projection facilitates visualization of the entire colon, while the lateral projection is employed to examine the sigmoid colon and rectum. Both anteroposterior and lateral projections are adequate for anatomical presentation and diagnosis. Conclusion: The pediatric colonoscopy procedure for clinical intussusception at the Muntilan Regional Hospital Radiology Department is conducted without patient preparation. Approximately 1200 ml of barium sulfate (BaSO₄) contrast medium is administered due to contrast reflux. The anteroposterior and lateral projections are adequate for diagnostic purposes
ANALISIS REJECT FILM DIGITAL RADIOGRAFI DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RSUD SIDOARJO BARAT Akmal Fajar Huwolo; Ari Anggraeni; Ildsa Maulidya Mar'athus Nasokha
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Background: Reject analysis is an evaluation of rejected radiographic results. At the Radiology Department of Sidoarjo Barat General Hospital, the recording and evaluation of rejected films have not been optimally implemented despite the use of Digital Radiography (DR) technology. There are still radiographs that are rejected without adequate documentation and analysis. This study aims to identify the causes of rejection, the percentage of rejected films, and the recording and analysis systems in place. Method: The study was conducted from October 2024 to July 2025 using a mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative). The qualitative approach involved observation, interviews, and documentation of radiographers and medical physicists, as well as analysis of secondary data from regulations and publications. The quantitative approach involved collecting data on the total number of digital images and rejected images. The rejection rate was calculated using the formula: (number of rejected images ÷ total number of images) × 100%. Results: The film rejection rate was recorded at 0.84% (8 films out of 946 uses) in October 2024 and increased to 1.96% (23 films out of 1,173 uses) in November 2024, and 1.28% (13 films out of 1,012 uses) in December 2024. The total number of film uses from October to December was 3,131 films. The causes of film rejection included human error (2.72%), tool error (3.86%), foreign objects (0.90%), fog (0.68%), and patient error (1.81%). Tool error was the most common cause. The most common type of examination with rejections was lumbosacral, while the lowest was femur. Conclusion: The implementation of data collection on the factors causing film rejections does not yet comply with regulations. The researcher recommends paying attention to the evaluation of film rejection analysis in radiology department management to ensure quality assurance continues to operate safely
STUDI KASUS PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN RADIOGRAFI THORAX PADA KASUS DENGUE HAEMORAGIC FEVER (DHF) DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RS ROEMANI MUHAMMADIYAH SEMARANG Umi Uswatun Khasana; Ayu Mahanani; Taufiq Facruddin Zen
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Introduction: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a dengue fever disease that can be fatal if not treated quickly and appropriately. Generally, the supporting actions taken are thorax examinations to see if there is fluid in the pleura. Thorax examinations in pleural effusion cases are performed using AP, PA and Lateral Dicubitus projections with a 5-minute patient tilt preparation. While at Roemani Hospital, Semarang, thorax examinations in DHF cases use AP and RLD (PA) projections with a 30-minute tilt preparation. The purpose of this study was to determine the thorax examination procedure for DHF cases at the Radiology Installation of Roemani Hospital, Semarang, and to determine the reasons for the RLD projection using a 30-minute waiting time. Methods: This study uses qualitative research with a case study approach conducted at Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital, Semarang in December 2024-May 2025. The data collection methods used were observation, documentation and interviews with radiographers and radiologists. Data analysis was obtained from data collection at Roemani Hospital Semarang, after which the data was reduced to take the important things and then presented in the form of scientific papers and conclusions were drawn. Results: The results of the study showed that in the examination of the thorax of DHF cases in the RLD projection using waiting time, the reason is so that the fluid is maximally collected below and in the examination of the thorax using AP and RLD (PA) projections the reason for using the RLD projection in the PA position is to minimize fixation tools and because of the equipment factor at Roemai Hospital Semarang. Conclusion: The procedure for examining the thorax of DHF cases at the Radiology Installation of Roemani Hospital Semarang was carried out with AP and RLD (PA) projections. Patient preparation was carried out with a waiting time of 30 minutes the reason for the 30-minute waiting time on the RLD projection is so that the fluid is maximally collected below and in the RLD projection using the PA position is to make it easier for the patient and minimize fixation tools and equipment factors
PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN MICTURATING CYSTOURETROGRAPHY (MCU) PEDIATRIK DENGAN KLINIS HIDRONEFROSIS DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RUMAH SAKIT UNS Sanifa Winda Sari; Anshor Nugroho; Ayu Mahanani
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Baground: Micturating Cystourethrography (MCU is a radiological examination performed in pediatric patients using contrast media to assess the function, structure, and abnormalities of the urinary bladder (vesica urinaria) and urethra. The standard MCU technique typically employs AP and RPO post- contrast projections, with contrast media introduced via a catheter or abocath. At UNS Hospital, however, only the AP projection is used, and contrast media is introduced using the drip infusion method. This study aims to examine the MCU examination procedure performed at the Radiology Department of UNS Hospital, specifically focusing on the drip infusion method of contrast administration and the exclusive use of the AP projection. Method: This study employed qualitative descriptive method with case study approach. Data collection was conducted at UNS Hospital between December 2024 and May 2025. The research subjects were three radiographers and one radiology specialist, while the research object was pediatric patients with hydronephrosis. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. Data analysis involved data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.Results: Observations and interviews showed that at UNS Hospital, the procedure is performed using two projections: AP plain film and AP post-contrast. Contrast media is administered using the drip infusion technique with an IV set, allowing the contrast to enter gradually. The use of the AP projection alone is considered sufficient, as it provides adequate diagnostic information for radiologists while also accommodating the patient’s condition.Conclusion: At the Radiology Department of UNS Hospital, Micturating Cystourethrography is conducted using two projections, namely AP plain film and AP post-contrast, with contrast media administered via the drip infusion method to ensure gradual entry. The AP projection alone is sufficient to provide adequate diagnostic information while also allowing for adjustments based on the patient’s condition.
PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN COLON IN LOOP PEDIATRIK DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RSU PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL (Studi Kasus Pada Pasien Dengan Klinis Konstipasi Kronis Berusia 3 Tahun) Reksal Makaramah; Sofie Nornalita Dewi; Ayu Mahanani
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Background: The Colon in Loop examination is an important radiographic procedure for evaluating cases of chronic constipation in pediatric patients. At PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital, there are differences in procedures compared to existing literature, particularly regarding patient preparation, types of contrast media used, and projection techniques. The aim of this study is to determine the procedure for the Colon In Loop examination, patient preparation, types of contrast media used, and projection techniques at the Radiology Installation of PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital.Method: This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method and case study design. The study was conducted at the Radiology Installation of PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital from May to June 2025, involving three radiographers and one radiology specialist as subjects. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. Data analysis was performed through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.Result: The results indicated that the Colon In Loop examination procedure only required general preparation and did not involve any special preparation. The contrast media used was water-soluble, and the antero-posterior (AP) projection was employed, as it was adjusted to the non-cooperative condition of pediatric patients. Conclusion: The procedure for the Colon In Loop examination in pediatric patients at the Radiology Installation of PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital involved only general preparation without any special preparation. The contrast media used was a water-soluble mixture of iohexol and NaCl, administered gradually, as its non-ionic nature prevents excessive absorption by the body and provides stability when entering the bloodstream, making it safer for patients. The use of the antero- posterior (AP) projection was tailored to the non-cooperative condition of pediatric patients. It is recommended that examinations be conducted using X-ray equipment equipped with fluoroscopy to visualize the flow of contrast media
KELAYAKAN LEAD APRON DI LABORATORIUM RADIOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ‘AISYIYAH YOGYAKARTA Rofi Nur Rohman; Widya Mufida; Asih Puji Utami
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 4: September 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Alat pelindung diri penting dalam radiologi untuk melindungi dari paparan sinar-X. Di Laboratorium Radiologi Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta, tiga unit Lead Apron belum diuji rutin sesuai standar BAPETEN dan Kepmenkes. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional deskriptif kualitatif dengan observasi langsung dan wawancara. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membagi apron menjadi empat kuadran dan memeriksa kerusakan menggunakan imaging plate serta software radiografis. Hasilnya, dua dari tiga apron menunjukkan kerusakan minor pada area non-vital, masih dalam batas toleransi (Lambert, 2001), sehingga tetap layak pakai. Namun, pengujian belum dilakukan secara berkala, dan prosedur di lapangan tidak sepenuhnya sesuai standar. Disarankan agar pengujian dilakukan rutin tiap tahun, serta sistem penyimpanan dan perawatan ditingkatkan untuk menjaga efektivitas apron sebagai pelindung radiasi.
PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN COLON IN LOOP PADA KLINIS CARCINOMA COLON DI INSTALASI RADIOLOGI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH GOMBONG Muhammad Yandi Arafah; Sofie Nornalita Dewi; Ari Anggraeni
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Latar Belakang: Pemeriksaan colon in loop merupakan prosedur radiografi penting dalam evaluasi kinis Carcinoma colon. di Instalasi Radiologi RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong, terdapat perbedaan dalam pelaksanaan prosedur, mulai dari persiapan pasien, alat dan bahan yang digunakan, teknik pemasukan media kontras, hingga pemilihan proyeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prosedur pemeriksaan, alasan modifikasi tahapan, dan fungsi masing-masing proyeksi. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dilaksanakan pada Agustus–Juli 2025. Subjek penelitian adalah tiga radiografer dan satu dokter spesialis radiologi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka, lalu dianalisis melalui tahapan reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persiapan pasien terdiri dari persiapan umum dan khusus, persiapan alat dan bahan tidak menggunakan alat fluoroscopy. Teknik pemeriksaan diawali dengan proyeksi Anteroposterior (AP) abdomen polos, dilanjutkan pemasukan media kontras barium menggunakan proyeksi anteroposterior post kontras. Kemudian dilakukan teknik full filing dengan campuran 30cc media kontras positif dan 30cc negatif dimasukkan secara bersamaan, menggunakan proyeksi anteroposterior dan left posterior oblique (LPO). Modifikasi prosedur dilakukan untuk memperluas lumen usus, memastikan ada tidaknya sumbatan oleh tumor, serta meningkatkan efisiensi waktu. Proyeksi anteroposterior digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran menyeluruh colon, sedangkan oblique untuk memperjelas lekukan colon pada flexura hepatika dan lienalis. Kesimpulan : Prosedur di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong tidak menggunakan fluoroscopy, serta menggunakan kombinasi proyeksi anterioposterior dan oblique. Disarankan penggunaan modalitas sinar-X dengan fluoroscopy dan teknik double kontras serta proyeksi post evakuasi untuk hasil diagnostik yang lebih optimal.

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