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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 35, No 1 (2016)" : 8 Documents clear
Black sugarcane decoction reduces rat brain ischemia Handayani, Ety Sari; Nugraha, Zainuri Sabta; Nurmasitoh, Titis; Kuswati, Kuswati; Ahsani, Dwi N.; Nanda, Ajeng G.
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.40-45

Abstract

BackgroundThere are people in Yogyakarta, who use black sugarcane decoction (BSD) to prevent stroke. BSD contains policosanol and antioxidants. It has been proven that policosanol can reduce global ischemia in Mongolian gerbils. This study aims to evaluate the effect of BSD on brain ischemia in a rat stroke model. MethodsA laboratory experiment using eighteen 3-month old male Wistar rats without any defects, of 175-250 g body weight. Brain ischemia was produced by a 20-minute bilateral carotid communis artery oclusion (BCCAO).  Using a rat stroke model, brain ischemia was produced by a 20-minute BCCAO. The rats were randomized into three groups: BSD treated stroke model rats (group 1), non treated stroke model rats (group 2), and sham operated rats (group 3). BSD was administered by gavage for 1 week before BCCAO. Decapitation of rats was performed two hours post BCCAO. Brain tissues were stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). Ischemic areas were analyzed using Image J softwere. Statistical analysis was conducted by one way ANOVA test.ResultsThe mean percentages of rat brain ischemic area differed between group 3 (0.0 ± 0.0%), group 2 (3.13 ± 0.59%) and group 1 (1.15 ± 0.47%) p =0.001). Post hoc test showed that there was no difference between group 3 with group 1. Instead, there was a significant difference between  group 2 and the other groups.ConclusionThe administration of BSD reduced rat brain ischemia after bilateral carotid artery ligation.
NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome predict type 2 diabetes mellitus Sulistiowati, Eva; Sihombing, Marice
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.46-55

Abstract

BackgroundSubjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have a greater risk for acquiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). The MetS criteria usually used are those of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel (NCEP) and Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). This study aimed to evaluate the modified NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria as predictor of type 2 DM among subjects with MetS. MethodsA cohort study was conducted among 4240 subjects with MetS. MetS was determined according to the modified NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria. The study followed up 3324 non-diabetic subjects of the cohort study of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors (NCD study) during a 2-year period. Type 2 DM was determined from the diagnosis by health personnel or from fasting blood glucose of ≥126 mg/dL or blood glucose of ≥200 mg/dL, 2 hours after 75g glucose loading. ResultsThe MetS prevalence based on modified NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria in non-DM subjects was 17.1% and 15.6%, respectively. The risk for DM in subjects with MetS using modified NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria was 4.7 (CI 95%: 3.4-6.5) and 4.1 (CI 95%: 3.0-5.7), respectively. ConclusionsBoth MetS criteria can be used as predictors of the occurrence of DM type 2, but the modified NCEP-ATP III is more properly applied than the IDF criteria in subjects with MetS. Screening programs and routine monitoring of MetS components are required for early detection of type 2 DM.
Global emergence of Zika virus Tjan, Richard
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.1-2

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the flaviviruses (family Flaviviridae), which includes dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. Zika virus was isolated in 1947, in the Zika forest near Kampala, Uganda, from one of the rhesus monkeys used as sentinel animals in a yellow fever research program.
Non-exposure parenting increases risk of bullying behavior in junior high school students Hasan, Surilena; Jessica, Jessica
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.56-64

Abstract

Background Bullying behavior is one of many behavioral and disciplinary problems among school students, which has a wide impact on youth, families, schools, and communities. Parenting and the role of parents as good educators (exposure) can prevent mental, emotional and behavioral disorders caused by bullying. The aim of this study was to determine the role of self-esteem and family factors on bullying behavior in junior high schools students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted including 1324 junior high school students of Penjaringan village, North Jakarta. Respondents filled out questionnaires on demographics (age, gender, economic status, educational level), Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire, strength and difficulties questionnaire, Olweus bullying questionnaire, Hamilton scale for depression, parenting style, and family adaptability and cohesion scales III. Simple and multivariate logistic regression tests were used to analyze the data.ResultsRespondents consisted of 53.5% females and 46.5% males, with an age range of 13-16 years. A total of 45% was involved in bullying (victims, perpetrators, and victims and perpetrators). Gender, self-esteem, family relationships, and parenting were significantly associated with bullying role (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that self-esteem (odds ratio=23.89; 95% CI:7.899-12.990) and non-exposure parenting (odds ratio=39.11;95% CI: 2.455-8.210) were significantly associated with bullying behavior. ConclusionsNon-exposure parenting was the most relevant risk factor of bullying behavior. Low self-esteem increases the risk of bullying behavior. These findings suggest the need of timely bullying prevention and intervention programs that should have a special focus on families of primary high school students.
Prothrombine and activated partial thromboplastin time are prolonged in hepatic cirrhosis Limijadi, Edward Kurnia Setiawan; Suromo, Lisyani Budi; Budiwiyono, Imam
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.26-32

Abstract

BackgroundChronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis are chronic liver diseases that cause disorders of liver function, such as the formation of platelets and coagulation factors (prothrombin time/PT and activated partial thromboplastin time/APTT). Chronic hepatitis in the long term can develop into hepatic cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine platelet count, PT, and APTT as indicators in the progression of chronic hepatitis towards hepatic cirrhosis. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 patients with chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis in Semarang City Regional General Hospital, Telogorejo Hospital and Kariadi General Hospital. The platelet count was measured with a Sysmex XP-100, while PT and APTT was measured with a Sysmex CA-1500 coagulometer. The Mann Whitney test was applied to analyze the difference in platelet count, PT, and APTT between chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis. Results Median, minimum, and maximum values of platelet count, PT and APTT in chronic hepatitis were 284.000/µl, 210.000/µl, 390.000/µl; 10.6 sec, 9.5 sec, 13.6 sec; and 30.5 sec, 24.2 sec, 46.4 sec, respectively, and in hepatic cirrhosis they were 96.300/µl, 48.200/µl, 133.800/µl; 27.5 sec, 11.9 sec, 44.7 sec; and 55.6 sec, 31.3 sec, 72.0 sec, respectively. There was a significant difference the reduction of platelet count, and the prolongation of PT and APTT in chronic hepatitis compared to hepatic cirrhosis (p=0.000). ConclusionsProthrombine time and APTT were prolonged and platelet count was decreased in hepatic cirrhosis subjects. The three parameters may be used to evaluate the progression of chronic hepatitis towards hepatic cirrhosis.
Typhonium flagelliforme decreases telomerase expression in HeLa cervical cancer cells Purwaningsih, Endang; Suciati, Yulia; Widayanti, Etty
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.3-9

Abstract

Background Cancer cells have a relatively high telomerase activity compared to normal cells, so that cancer cells have the ability for continued proliferation and uncontrolled mitosis. Telomerase is an enzyme responsible for the length of telomeres, DNA segments located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Natural materials such as rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) have anticancer potential. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of Typhonium flagelliforme extract on telomerase expression in HeLa cervical cancer and T47D breast cancer cells. Methods This experimental laboratory study was conducted on cultured HeLa and T47D cancer cell lines, with normal Vero cells as controls, and using RPMI and M199 culture media. The study comprised three groups, i.e. controls, and groups receiving Typhonium flagelliforme extract at doses of ½ IC50 and IC50. Telomerase expression was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Analysis of variance and LSD multiple comparison test were used to analyze the data. Results Telomerase expression in cancer cells showed significantly higher values compared to normal Vero cells. Typhonium flagelliforme extract was capable of significantly decreasing telomerase expression in cancer cells receiving the extract. Conclusion Typhonium flagelliforme extract at different doses is capable of decreasing telomerase expression more effectively in cervical cancer cells than in breast cancer cells. This study shows that Typhonium flagelliforme may have anti-cancer activity, necessitating further investigations.
High MMP-9 and TNF-α expression increase in preterm premature rupture of membranes Sulistyowati, Sri; Zakia, Yuniarsih; Khasan, Soetrisno
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.33-39

Abstract

Preterm delivery is one of the causes of high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is important for extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and may cause preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as a pro-inflammatory cytokine plays a role in stimulating uterine activity and cervical ripening by degrading the ECM of the amniotic membranes through MMP-9. This study aimed to determine differences between MMP-9 and TNF-α expression of the membranes in preterm delivery with premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and without PROM.MethodsAn analytic observational study with cross-sectional approach was conducted in 24 subjects, who were divided into 2 groups, with 12 subjects in the preterm delivery group with PROM and 12 subjects in the preterm delivery group without PROM. The expression of MMP-9 and TNF-α in the amniotic membrane was determined by immunohistochemistry. Data were analyzed using the t test.ResultsMMP-9 expression in the amniotic membrane of preterm delivery subjects with PROM (8.6 ± 3.1%/field) differed significantly with that of preterm delivery subjects without PROM (5.5 ± 2.3 %/ field) (p=0.001). TNF-α expression in the amniotic membrane of preterm delivery subjects with PROM (8.0 ±3.0%/field) also differed significantly with that of preterm delivery subjects without PROM (3,3 ± 1.5%/field) (p=0.000).ConclusionExpression of MMP-9 and TNF-α was higher in the amniotic membrane of preterm delivery subjects with PROM than in preterm delivery subjects without PROM and can thus be used as predictor to avoid PPROM.
Women and stroke patients are more at risk for fall- related injury among older persons Darjoko, Sulistyowati Tuminah; Djoeworo, Woro Riyadina; Sapardin, Aprildah Nur
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.10-18

Abstract

BackgroundIn Indonesia, the prevalence of injury has increased from 7.9% in 2007 to 8.2% in 2013. Among older persons, falls were the main cause of injury. The objective of this study was to determine the major risk factors and the magnitude of the risk for fall-related injury in older persons.MethodsA study of cross-sectional design was conducted on 4,222 respondents aged 60 years and over. Injury was defined as fall-related injury occurring in the previous 12 months that disturbed activity dailyu living (ADL). Data collection was done by: 1) interview about sociodemographics and health (including hearing impairment, non-communicable diseases and injury) using a questionnaire, 2) measurement of blood pressure and anthropometry (body mass index), 3) examination of vision in the right nd left eyes using tumbling E cards and pinhole eye covers. Data were analyzed using the chi square test and multiple logistic regression with 0.05 significance level.Results After controlling for age, occupation, vision disorder, educational level and economic status, older women had a 2.0-fold increased risk for fall-related injury compared to men (aOR=2.30; 95% CI: 1.93-2.73; p=0.000); subjects with a history of stroke had a 2.0-fold increased risk for fall-related injury compared to those without a history of stroke (aOR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.38-3.09; p=0.000). Educational level was a confounding factor.ConclusionWomen and stroke sufferers were at higher risk of fall-related injury among older persons. Prevention of fall-related injury should be done by older persons through periodic control of their health condition.

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