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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 16 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)" : 16 Documents clear
Andrographis paniculata: a review of pharmacology and clinical efficacy Boro, Sangita; Chirania, Manisha; Boro, Deepjyoti; Bharadwaj, Bhriganka; Baruah, Mitali; Bhattacharjee, Minakshi
Universa Medicina Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2026.v45.113-124

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata is widely regarded as one of the most important medicinal plants due to its broad therapeutic value and global use in traditional medicine. Commonly known as Kalmegh, creat, or green chirayata, the plant has been an integral part of Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, and other traditional healing systems for centuries. It has traditionally been consumed to manage a variety of ailments, particularly those related to the liver, respiratory system, and immune health. Phytochemical investigations have revealed that Andrographis paniculata is rich in diverse bioactive constituents. Among these, andrographolide, neoandrographolide, and didehydroandrographolide are the most prominent diterpenoid lactones. Andrographolide, in particular, is recognized as the principal active compound and has been extensively studied for its wide pharmacological spectrum. Research indicates that andrographolide exhibits strong hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antipyretic, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities. These properties contribute to the plant’s reputation as a versatile therapeutic agent. In this review, we systematically searched and analyzed articles published in English from 2019 to 2025, using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Relevant search terms included “Andrographis paniculata”, pharmacology”, “clinical efficacy”, “safety”, etc. Given its chemical richness and diverse pharmacological actions, Andrographis paniculata continues to attract scientific attention. Numerous studies support its potential in managing chronic diseases, enhancing immune function, and mitigating oxidative stress. This review aims to provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of the plant’s therapeutic relevance, highlighting its major chemical constituents and summarizing key findings from pharmacological evaluations and clinical safety and efficacy reported in the scientific literature. By synthesizing existing knowledge, this review emphasises the significance of Andrographis paniculata as a promising natural resource in herbal medicine and modern pharmacotherapy.
Pituitary macroadenoma with optic chiasm compression and hypopituitarism: a case report Kam, Alexander; Aprilia, Dinda; Decroli, Eva
Universa Medicina Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2026.v45.81-87

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONPituitary macroadenomas are benign pituitary tumors measuring more than 1 cm in diameter that constitute a substantial proportion of intracranial neoplasms. Despite their benign histology, these tumors may lead to significant morbidity due to local mass effects and endocrine dysfunction. Compression of the optic chiasm can result in progressive visual impairment and irreversible blindness if not promptly treated. Additionally, pituitary hormonal deficiencies may cause life-threatening metabolic and systemic complications. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are therefore essential to prevent permanent sequelae and optimize functional recovery. Case DescriptionA 40-year-old woman presented with a one-year history of recurrent headaches accompanied by progressive blurring of vision, diplopia, and visual field defects. She also reported irregular menstruation and unintended weight loss. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a 2.13 × 2.28 × 3.05 cm pituitary macroadenoma with a characteristic “snowman appearance” compressing the optic chiasm. Hormonal evaluation revealed secondary adrenal insufficiency, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with elevated free thyroxine (T4), and hyperprolactinemia attributed to the stalk effect, consistent with hypopituitarism and thyroid dysfunction. Initial stabilization with hydrocortisone and methimazole was performed prior to definitive management. The patient subsequently underwent transsphenoidal tumor resection with appropriate perioperative glucocorticoid coverage. Postoperatively, she remained clinically stable with improvement in headache and visual symptoms, and continued hormonal therapy under close endocrinological supervision. ConclusionsThis case underscores the importance of comprehensive hormonal assessment, timely neurosurgical intervention, and coordinated multidisciplinary care in managing pituitary macroadenomas complicated by optic chiasm compression and hypopituitarism to achieve favorable clinical outcomes.
Effect of astaxanthin supplementation on oxidative stress in adult women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Pratiwi, Donna; Harimawan, Agustinus I Wayan; Weta, I Wayan; Sumartini, Ni Ketut; Awan, Syuma Adhy; Sutadarma, I Wayan Gede
Universa Medicina Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2026.v45.125-134

Abstract

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can cause significant morbidity through fertility disorders and most often found in the productive age. Recent research suggests that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Astaxanthin (AST) has broad protective effects, particularly in the regulation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of AST supplementation on PCOS management. MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library from January 2020 to March 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing astaxanthin supplementation in adult women with PCOS were included. Outcomes of interest were malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Data were analyzed using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4.1. Pooled effects were calculated as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).  ResultsFour RCTs involving 194 participants were included. Astaxanthin supplementation significantly reduced MDA levels (MD −0.670; 95% CI −1.070 to −0.270; p = 0.001; I² = 93%) and significantly increased TAC levels (MD 0.030; 95% CI 0.000 to 0.060; p = 0.030; I² = 76%). No significant effect was observed on SOD levels (MD 0.025; 95% CI −0.850 to 1.350; p = 0.660; I² = 57%). The overall risk of bias across included studies was low. ConclusionThis systematic review shows that AST supplementation significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in women with PCOS. These findings suggest that AST may serve as potential adjuvant antioxidant therapy in PCOS management.
Validity of core needle biopsy in diagnosing primary thyroid lymphoma: a systematic-review and meta-analysis Sanjaya, Nadira Prajnasari; Marcevianto, Kevin Varian; Sanjaya, Indira Saraswati; Kohar, Kelvin; Nufus, Hayatun
Universa Medicina Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2026.v45.153-165

Abstract

BackgroundPrimary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare thyroid malignancy, accounting for less than 5% of thyroid malignancies. The prognosis of PTL depends on the histologic subtype and stage of disease at diagnosis, hence an effective diagnostic method is needed to ensure prompt treatments. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the first test for microscopic examination of a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass, but its limitations and low sensitivity have been observed.  After the often “inconclusive” result is known, core-needle biopsy (CNB) should be performed as the natural next diagnostic step. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of core needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosing PTL. MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A PubMed and Embase database search was performed in August 2025. Populations included were patients with final diagnosis of PTL. Pooled sensitivity was calculated using a random-effects model. ResultsThis systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies comprised a total of 1091 patients. Core needle biopsy proved to be highly effective, with a pooled sensitivity of 91.6% (95% CI: 82.1%–96.3%). The development of tumor-cell seeding following CNB has been a major concern, but this complication is extremely rare. Other potential complications include bleeding and infection. ConclusionCore needle biopsy demonstrates high diagnostic sensitivity and a favorable safety profile in diagnosing primary thyroid lymphoma, supporting its role as a valuable diagnostic modality, particularly when PTL is clinically suspected or FNA results are inconclusive.
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and their secretome: a new frontier in orthopedic medicine Sumarwoto, Tito; Romaniyanto; Rhamtomy, Sholahuddin; Idulhaq, Mujaddid; Santoso, Asep
Universa Medicina Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2026.v45.135-152

Abstract

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their unique biological properties, including high proliferation capacity, low immunogenicity, and potent immunomodulatory effects. These characteristics make UC-MSCs particularly promising for orthopedic applications, where the repair and regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and nerves are critical for restoring function. The secretome of UC-MSCs—comprising bioactive molecules such as exosomes, cytokines, and growth factors—offers a powerful, cell-free therapeutic option through paracrine signaling, further enhancing their therapeutic potential. A literature search was conducted in major databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Google Scholar) for English articles from 2010–2025 using keywords related to UC‑MSCs and orthopedic regeneration. This review explores the role of UC-MSCs and their secretome in orthopedic tissue repair, focusing on their application in bone healing, cartilage regeneration, tendon-ligament repair, and nerve regeneration with their innovative delivery. Despite the promising potential of UC-MSC therapies, several challenges remain, including regulatory hurdles, long-term safety concerns, and the scalability of cell-based and secretome-based therapies for widespread clinical use. Although umbilical cord MSCs are not yet widely applied in clinical practice, increasing evidence suggests that they offer significant therapeutic potential, especially in the treatment of autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. The UC-MSCs and their secretome represent a transformative approach in orthopedics, offering new avenues for treating complex musculoskeletal injuries and degenerative diseases. Ongoing advancements in this field will likely unlock their full potential, making them viable options for clinical use in the near future.
Association of toxoplasmosis with risk factors among adults in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq Hussein, Mustafa Riadh; Mero, Wijdam
Universa Medicina Vol. 45 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2026.v45.68-75

Abstract

BACKGROUNDToxoplasma gondii is a widespread zoonotic parasite that infects approximately one-third of the global population. Humans become infected mainly by consumption of undercooked meat or water or fruits and vegetables contaminated with oocysts. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and associated risk factors in adults from Duhok province, Iraq. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 participants (ages 22–60 years, both genders) from Duhok. Variables included age, gender, occupation, interaction with cats, and hygiene practices were collected. Blood samples were analyzed for anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies, using ELISA. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify risk factors for toxoplasmosis. ResultsThe overall seroprevalence was 39.17% (IgG: 31.67%, IgM: 7.5%). Both IgM and IgG prevalence were significantly associated with gender (p<0.001). IgG was more prevalent in participants aged 31–40 years (p<0.001). Key risk factors included cat contact (aOR=4.50, 95% C.I.: [2.10, 9.50], p<0.001), drinking tap water (aOR=3.00, 95% C.I.: [1.50, 6.00], p=0.005), consuming undercooked meat (aOR=3.20, 95% C.I.: [2.00, 5.30], p<0.001), eating unwashed vegetables (aOR=2.50, 95% C.I.: [1.50, 4.30], p<0.001), eating outside home (aOR=2.50, 95% C.I.: [1.50, 4.00], p<0.001), and a history of arthritis (aOR=3.00, 95% C.I.: [2.00, 4.50], p<0.001), hygiene practices, such as handwashing (aOR=0.30, 95% C.I.: [0.15, 0.60], p=0.001) and hygienic measures (aOR=0.35, 95% C.I.: [0.20, 0.60], p<0.001), reduced risk former Covid-19 (aOR=7.00, 95% C.I.: [3.50, 14.00], p<0.001). ConclusionsToxoplasmosis in Duhok is associated with dietary habits, sanitation, and cat contact. Enhancing hygiene and food safety can reduce the disease burden, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

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