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INDONESIA
Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 602 Documents
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Predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnant adolescents Funda Ozdemir; Seda Karaçay Yıkar; Evşen Nazik
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.254-262

Abstract

BackgroundBreastfeeding is critical for infant health and development globally. Current knowledge and attitude of future parents will significantly influence breastfeeding practices. The study was conducted to determine the levels and determinants of breastfeeding self-efficacy among primiparous and secundigravid adolescents. MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed involving 54 primiparous and secundigravid adolescents in antenatal clinics of hospitals affiliated to the Ministry of Health in Adana, Turkey. They were aged between 16 and 19 years, had a single living fetus, did not have pregnancy complications, were in their third trimester of pregnancy, attended an antenatal clinic, and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form and the Antenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Short Form Scale (BSES-SF). Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis, Mann Whitney U and multiple linear regression analysis test were used to analyze the data. ResultsMean age of the pregnant adolescents was 18.28 ± 0.79 years, and 31.5% had primary education, 96.3% were not working, 55.6% lived in a nuclear family, and 51.9% had not received breastfeeding education. The total BSES-SF mean score was 55.37 ± 12.84. Breastfeeding education has a statistically significant effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy of pregnant adolescents (p<0.05). Regular antenatal care, breastfeeding training status, breastfeeding education source variables and breastfeeding self-efficacy variable of women significantly predicted negatively (p<0.05). ConclusionsBreastfeeding education source was the most influential predictor variable of BSES. There is a need for nursing initiatives to enhance the adolescents’ antenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy levels.
Breast cancer survivors and behavior: cancer care in the time of COVID-19 in Indonesia Widyanti Soewoto
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.277-288

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions in cancer care, and preliminary research suggests that these disruptions are associated with increased levels of psychosocial distress among cancer survivors. Indonesia initially reported positive cases in early March 2020, followed by regular extensive occurrences across 34 provinces. The disease causes acute respiratory failure among people with specific comorbidities, including geriatric disorders, diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and cancer. Consequently, the patients’ conditions become more severe, possibly leading to a higher mortality rate. Individuals with cancer are at particularly elevated risk of a severe course of COVID-19 because they tend to be of older age and are at a greater risk for needing intensive care and for mortality. A reasonably good comprehension of the current COVID-19 outbreak, poor awareness of the primary disease and subsequent therapy program, and minimal understanding of the importance of continuing treatment during the pandemic are the probable factors causing the fear of contracting the COVID-19 virus that poses a significant threat of aggravating the existing breast cancer conditions in most patients. This anxiety shows a drastic impact in altering the behavioral patterns of survivors undergoing therapy. There is a very good understanding of how it is caused by the SARS-COV2 virus. Meanwhile, there is a severe lack of understanding of cancer and the therapeutic program. The patients are more afraid of contracting this virus than they are of their cancer. Patients prefer development of their cancer to contracting the SARS-COV2 virus. Therefore, massive education and supervision are needed for cancer patients to understand the COVID-19 pandemic and ensure that routine checks are appropriately managed.
Pleural plaques and pleural changes among lung cancer patients exposed to asbestos Aziza Ghanie Icksan; Canti Widharisastra; Anna Suraya; Martina Ferstl
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.210-218

Abstract

BackgroundIndonesia is one of the world's largest asbestos importing countries. While asbestos is the main contributor to work-related lung cancer, studies or reports regarding the CT findings of asbestos-related lung cancer have been limited in the country. The objective of this study was to compare CT findings of the size of the tumor and pleural and lung parenchymal changes between lung cancer patients exposed to asbestosis and those not exposed. MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 96 lung cancer patients consisting of 48 subjects who had been exposed to asbestos and 48 who had not been exposed. They underwent thoracic CT scans at the Radiology Department of Persahabatan Hospital. Asbestos exposure was determined using interviews that followed a protocol similar to that of a previous study about asbestos-related lung cancer. Senior radiologists investigated the existence of pleural and parenchymal changes. An independent T- test and chi-square test to compare CT scan features between the two groups. ResultsThe mean age was 57.75 ± 8.56 years in the asbestos-exposed group and 58.56 ± 7.99 years in the unexposed group. The proportion of tumor sizes of more than five cm, pleural plaques, and subpleural dot-like or branching opacities were significantly higher among asbestos-exposed subjects compared to the non-exposed group (p = 0.044;p=0.37;p=0.041, respectively). ConclusionsAsbestos exposure is significantly related to the size of the tumor and the existence of pleural plaques and asbestosis. These findings may help further management of lung cancer patients and the policy of asbestos use in Indonesia.
Chemokines in allergic asthma inflammation Sulfiana Sulfiana; Febriana Catur Iswanti
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.289-301

Abstract

Asthma is the most frequent noncommunicable disease and one of the leading causes of years lived with disability. Asthma has a severe impact on a patient's life, being able to disturb the activities of both children and adults. The morbidity and mortality of asthma may depend on the severity and progressiveness of the symptoms experienced by the patient. Different and complex pathomechanisms underline the pathology of asthma, in which the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses plays a role. There is a complex interaction between immune cells including chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Immune cell trafficking is orchestrated by a family of small proteins called chemokines. Leukocytes express cell-surface receptors that bind to chemokines and trigger transendothelial migration. This review article outlines the main role of chemokines in inflammatory reactions that occur in allergic asthma, based on the latest literature studies that have been published previously. The allergic reaction in asthma expresses various chemokines and their receptors. Chemokines including eotaxins (CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26), CCL2, CCL5, CCL17, and CCL22 regulate immune cells that under pathological conditions travel to the inflammatory site, mainly in the lung, to protect the body from pathogen invasion. Chemokines are released by a number of immune cells such as monocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, and epithelial cells in the airway. The biological effects of chemokine production are enhanced by secreted cytokines when an allergic reaction occurs in asthma, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Chemokines cause an accumulation of different inflammatory cells at the site of inflammation, which ultimately results in tissue damage to the airway. The inhibition of the reactions evoked by the interaction between chemokines and their receptors is considered a candidate for the development of potent therapeutic drugs for asthma in the future.
Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy and vaccine literacy among unvaccinated young adults: Gulay YILMAZEL; Emre KELES; Ayse CALMAZ; Burcu DAYSAL GULER
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.228-235

Abstract

BackgroundHerd immunity is necessary to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Unfortunately, attaining herd immunity is a significant challenge for current healthcare systems worldwide, and the prevalence of hesitancy toward COVID-19 remains high. The aim of this study was to determine pandemic vaccine hesitancy, attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine and COVID-19 vaccine literacy level in vaccination period among unvaccinated young adults. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out in the province of Çorum in Turkey. Unvaccinated young adults (n=860) between the ages of 18-30 studying medicine and non-medical sciences of a university were included in the study. Socio-demographic form, and the scales on Pandemic Vaccine Hesitancy, Attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 vaccine literacy were used to collect the research data. The data were analyzed using percentages, median values, regression analysis. Results The study was completed with 860 participants. In the group, 73.8% were 18-24 years 67.7% were women and 68.0% were infected with the virus. The median scores from the pandemic vaccine hesitancy scale, vaccine literacy and vaccine attitudes were 33, 27 and 30 respectively. Use of social media in daily, vaccine literacy and COVID-19 vaccine attitude were effective factors on pandemic vaccine hesitancy (p<0.05). Negative attitude to vaccines was the most influenced risk factor of vaccine hesitancy (Beta = 0.248). ConclusionPandemic vaccine hesitancy is a phenomenon that coincides with low vaccine literacy and negative attitudes towards vaccines. COVID-19 vaccination information campaigns should promote group strategies, focusing on emphasising the safety of the vaccine and offer reassurance.
Knowledge levels of fetal rights in Turkish pediatric nurses Selen OZAKAR AKCA; Ahu Pınar TURAN; Dilek KALKAN YALCIN
Universa Medicina Vol. 41 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2022.v41.219-227

Abstract

BACKGROUNDFetal rights are violated due to acts such as negligence, ignorance, false beliefs and substance addiction. Pediatric nurses, as defenders of the fetus, should inform pregnant women and the family about the rights of the fetus and assist the family in the decision-making process. This study aims to determine the knowledge levels of pediatric nurses on fetal rights. METHODSThis cross-sectional study involved 121 nurses working in the pediatric clinic of a training and research hospital. Data about characteristics of pediatric nurses and knowledge levels about fetal rights were collected. Statistical analyses were made with SPSS package program. Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test was used to analyse the data. RESULTSIn this study, it was found that 76.9% of the pediatric nurses participating in the study did not have prior knowledge about fetal rights. There was a statistically significant difference between the participants’ mean scores of knowledge levels about fetal rights and their age, educational status, status of prior knowledge about fetal rights and where this knowledge was gained (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONAs a result, it was found that most of the pediatric nurses did not have prior knowledge about fetal rights, and that their knowledge about fetal rights was lacking. Considering that pediatric nurses, as the defenders of the fetus, have a duty to inform the family about fetal rights, it is recommended to plan trainings on fetal rights for pediatric nurses.
Effect of hypnotherapy on prolactin level in women after cesarean section Supriyadi Hari Respati; Risang Bhaskoro; Eric Edwin Yuliantara; Uki Retno Budihastuti; Debree Septiawan
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.6-11

Abstract

BackgroundPostpartum depression occurs in women after cesarean section, due to increased cortisol and decreased prolactin levels, leading to delayed breast milk production. Hypnotherapy is one of the most effective and efficient complementary therapy options for reducing postpartum depression. Hypnotherapy increases oxytocin secretion from the paraventricular nucleus of the anterior pituitary gland, decreases cortisol levels, and increases prolactin, thereby increasing breast milk production. This study evaluates hypnotherapy’s effect on prolactin levels after a cesarean section. MethodsThis study was an experimental non-blinded randomized controlled trial with a post-test-only control group design conducted at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital and UNS hospital. A total of 20 post-cesarean -section women were included in the study. They were randomized into two groups, a group I: given hypnotherapy, and group 2: the control group (without hypnotherapy). Both groups were tested for prolactin levels. Group I received hypnotherapy 6 to 12 hours post-cesarean section, and study participants were confirmed to be unaffected by the anesthetic. Data analysis used the independent t-test and p<0.05. ResultsAt baseline, there was no significant difference in age, parity, and indication for cesarean section between the hypnotherapy and the control groups (p>0.05). After intervention, the mean prolactin level was higher in the hypnotherapy group (247.6 ± 81.1 ng/mL) compared to the control group (120.1 ± 55.4 ng/mL) (p<0.001). ConclusionHypnotherapy increases post-cesarean prolactin levels compared to the controls. Our findings open up a wide range of potential hypnotic applications among women with postpartum depression.
COVID-19 and the ageing immune system in an elderly patient : a case report I Gusti Putu Suka Aryana; Ida Ayu Pradnya Paramita
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.101-107

Abstract

BackgroundThe severity of COVID-19 infection has an increasing trend in the elderly, which contributes to the high morbidity and mortality rates in this population. Aging itself is a prominent risk factor for severe disease and death from COVID-19. Case DescriptionThis case report a 71-year-old woman who complained of shortness of breath for 3 days before being admitted to the hospital. Bilateral consolidation and increased bronchovascular pattern were found on chest radiograph, and a positive SARS-COV2 nasopharyngeal swab PCR test result was noted. This patient was diagnosed with confirmed severe manifestation of COVID-19, community-acquired pneumonia and type 1 respiratory failure, as well as type II diabetes mellitus and suspicion of acute gastritis. The results of the geriatric status assessment were moderate functional status, risk of malnutrition, and moderate risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This patient underwent treatment in accordance with the COVID-19 protocol along with management for geriatric status improvement. The patient was given permission to return home after 14 days of treatment, during which time her health had improved and her functional status had changed to moderate dependency. During follow-up, the patient continued to receive therapy. She is still being observed and future evaluations will be conducted. ConclusionThe increased susceptibility of the elderly to COVID-19 infection is caused by various factors. A burden of death and long-term disability brought on by this pandemic may be lessened by new or modified therapies that target aging-associated mechanisms. Therefore, COVID-19 case management in this population should be done with a comprehensive approach.
Determinants of coronary heart disease among adults: a case-control study Sudikno Sudikno; Srilaning Driyah; Julianty Pradono
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.41-51

Abstract

BackgroundAccording to recent World Health Organization data, coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Although the risk factors of this disease are well known, the strength of these factors varies in different populations. The aim of the study was to assess the determinants of CHD in Indonesian adults aged 25 years and over. MethodsA case–control study was carried out involving 592 subjects aged 25 years and over (444 controls and 148 cases). Participants were interviewed using validated questionnaires. Physical examinations and supporting examinations were conducted. The Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test, and independent t test were used to analyze the data. To determine independent predictors of CHD, the odds ratio (OR) was determined via the multiple logistic regressions test. ResultsThe CHD subjects (case group) showed higher blood sugar and systolic pressure than non-CHD subjects (controls), with mean fasting blood sugar of 92.53±27.05 mg/dL vs 88.29 ±23.43 mg/dL (p=0.038), 2-hour postprandial blood sugar of 133.15±65.09 mg/dL vs 120.87±44.60 mg/dL (p=0.000), and systolic blood pressure of 89±27.62 mmHg vs 129.98±10.58 mmHg (p=0.002). The logistic regression analysis in the case group showed that higher education (college) had a 2.32-fold greater effect (95% CI. 1.01-5.35) on CHD incidence compared to the control group. ConclusionsThis study has demonstrated that the most frequent risk factor for CVD in adults aged 25 years and over is higher education. Control and prevention of CHD need to be done with regular control of blood sugar levels and blood pressure to stabilize them within normal limits.
Nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practices related to physical restraint: the case from Turkey Selen OZAKAR AKCA; Ahu Pınar TURAN
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.12-20

Abstract

BackgroundNurses are primarily for the care of patients and should ensure that physical restraint, which has many negative consequences, be applied according to standard practice. Therefore, they should have knowledge about physical restraint and apply physical restraint by observing existing laws and ethical principles. This study aimed to determine the knowledge level, attitude and practices of pediatric nurses on physical restraint and identify the factors influencing physical restraint use. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 150 pediatric nurses working in the pediatric clinic of a training and research hospital. The data were collected with an information form containing the introductory characteristics of the nurses and the Level of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Staff Regarding Physical Restraints Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. ResultsOverall, nurses had good restraint-related knowledge with positive attitudes, although the physical restraint practices of nurses were not the best and there were some deficiencies. A statistically non-significant difference was found between age, gender, education status, nurses' work unit, and training status regarding physical restraint on the one hand and knowledge, attitude and practice scores relating to the use of physical restraints on the other (p>0.05). ConclusionsPediatric nurses' level of knowledge about physical restraint was quite good and their attitudes were positive. However, there were some deficiencies in their practices. Future training should therefore be emphasized to enhance nurses' ethical and sensitive thinking, increase their competence in applying physical restraint and working with patients.

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