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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

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Articles 2,127 Documents

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Double blind clinical trial on a lactose-free and a lactose-containing formula in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children Sri Lestari; Agus Firmansyah; Zakiudin Munasir
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 46 No 6 (2006): November 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Lactose intolerance is a common complication ofdiarrhea in young children particularly that due to rotaviral infec-tion. A meta-analysis study evaluated the use of undiluted lactosecontaining formula or cowâ€™s milk during an episode of diarrhea. Itwas concluded that routine dilution of milk and the use of lactose-free milk formula are not necessary.Objective To evaluate the effect of lactose free formula comparedwith lactose-containing milk formula during acute diarrheal episodein outpatient setting.Methods A total of 56 children with acute diarrhea with mild-mod-erate or no dehydration attending to the outpatient clinic were ran-domly assigned to receive a lactose-free formula (Nestle Nan Â® freelactose) or lactose-containing milk formula (Nestle Nan 2 Â® formula)after initial rehydration. Comparisons of stool frequency, durationof diarrhea and treatment failure rates were noted. Treatment fail-ure was defined as clinical requirement for intravenous infusionafter rehydration or prolonged diarrhea (>7 days).Results The duration of diarrhea was similar between the twogroups (P=0.195) in spite of two children who received lactosefree formula did not resolve from diarrhea within 7 days of treat-ment. The median of stool frequency was indifferent in the twogroups (P=0.199) in rotavirus gastroenteritis; there were no differ-ences in the duration of diarrhea or the stool frequency.Conclusion Children without dehydration or with mild dehydra-tion tolerated to lactose-containing formula as well as lactose-freeformula for the treatment of acute diarrhea

Intracardiac rhabdomyoma in a newborn with tuberous sclerosis I Kadek Suarca; Ida Bagus Agung Winaya; I Komang Kari
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 46 No 6 (2006): November 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Primary congenital cardiac tumors, especiallyintracardiac tumors, are rare in children.Rhabdomyoma is the most common oneand usually diagnosed in the first few days oflife. Referral from pediatric cardiac centers found thatthe incidence of cardiac tumors was 0.08%-0.20%.Rhabdomyoma represents 36%-42% in autopsy seriesand 79% in clinical series.

AIDS in a three-year old girl Dyah Kanya Wati; Bagus Ngurah Putu Arhana; Dewi Kumara Wati; Tuti Parwati Merati
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 46 No 6 (2006): November 2006
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

The acquired immunodeficiency syndromein children was first recognized in 1982, oneyear after the initial description in adults.WHO estimates that 2 million children hadbeen infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) by the year 2000. Pediatric AIDS threatenschild survival in developing countries. At the endof 1999, 34.3 million individuals were estimated tobe infected globally, of which 1.3 million (3.8%)were children below 15 years old. Until September2005, no children with HIV AIDS in Indonesia wasfound.Approximately 80% of children acquired HIV-1infection from vertical maternal transmission; the restare infected from contaminated blood products,infected organs, breastfeeding, or sexual abuse.Two general patterns of congenital infection arerecognized. Twenty percent of infected infants developearly disease, while the rest progress slowly, developinginto AIDS in adolescents. The most successfulapproach in the management of children with HIVrequires a multidisciplinary team approach.

Relationship between obesity and left ventricular hypertrophy in children Johnny Rompis; Erling David Kaunang
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) increasing morbidity-mortality rates. It is apparent that a variety of adaptations/alterations in cardiac structure and function occurs as excessive adipose tissue accumulates. This leads to a decrease in diastolic compliance, eventually resulting in an increase in left ventricular filling pressure and left ventricular enlargement.Objective To evaluate left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) amongÂ obese using electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 74 children aged 10-15 years from February 2009 to October 2009. The subjects were divided into obese and control groups. Physical examination and standard 12 lead electrocardiography (ECG) were done in both groups.Results Of 37 obese children, LVH were featured in 3 subjects, while in control group, only 1 child had LVH (P= 0.304). We found that mean RV6 in obese and control group were 9.8446 (SD 3.5854) and 11.9662 (SD 3.2857), respectively (P=0.005). As an additional findings, we found that birth weight was related to obesity in children.Conclusion There is no relation between obesity and left ventricular using ECG criteria in obese children aged 10-15 years.

Knowledge of pediatrician on gastroesophageal reflux/gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: a preliminary study Edward Surjono; Agus Firmansyah; Jose R. L. Batubara
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Gastroesophageal reflux (OER) is involuntary movement of gastric content into esophagus due to transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. This condition usually ignored by physician. Many GER cases have severe complication before properly managed. Ten years after incorporating GER into Indonesia pediatric training curriculum, the knowledge of GER among pediatrician need to be measured.Objectives To measure pediatrician's knowledge of GER/GERD in children.Methods This was a cross sectional study using questionnaire and interview.Result There were 387 respondents who filled the questionnaire and being interviewed. The majority of respondents were between 25-45 years old (33.6%). Respondents who graduated before the year 2000 were 48.3%, and after 2000 were 51.7%. Majority of respondents were general pediatrician (90.2%) and 41.3% working in teaching hospitals Among pediatricians graduated after year 2000,6 6%,5 0.5% and 57.5% could gave more than 80% correct answer to questions about general knowledge, diagnosis and management of GERD as compared to 49.2%, 42.2% and 47% subjects graduated before year 2000. More pediatricians graduated before year 2000 answered the questions on general knowledge, diagnosis and management < 60% correctly compared to those graduated after year 2000 (42.2%, 25.2% and 28.3% vs. 14%,11.5% and 12%, respectively). Fifty five of 160 (34.4%) respondents who working in teaching hospital gave more than 80% correct answer to questions about GERD. Compared to those working in non-teaching hospitals, only 17.6% were able to correctly answer more than 80% of questions.Conclusions Better knowledge about GER/GERD are found among pediatricians graduated after the topics has been introduced to the curriculum and among those practicing in teaching hospitals.

Effectiveness of amitriptyline for treating functional dyspepsia in adolescents Indra Mustawa; Supriatmo Supriatmo; Hakimi Hakimi; Atan Baas Sinuhaji
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 56 No 5 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Functional dyspepsia is common among adolescents. Pain reduces childrenâ€™s quality of life, psychosocial functioning, and school attendance. Amitriptyline is assumed to be one of the alternative treatments in functional dyspepsia.Objective To investigate the effectiveness of amytriptyline as a treatmentÂ forÂ functional dyspepsia in adolescents.Methods We conducted a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial from January to March 2011 in junior and senior high school students in Dobo City, Aru Island District, Maluku Province. Adolescents suffering from functional dyspepsia and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were eligible for the study. Subjects were randomized into two groups. Each group received 10 mg (for body weight < 35 kg) or 20 mg (for body weight â‰¥ 35 kg) amitriptyline or placebo once per day for 28 days. Pain frequency was measured in terms of abdominal pain episodes per month, and duration was measured in minutes. Data were analyzed using t-test.Results Eighty-eight students participated in this study: the amitriptyline group (43 subjects) and the placebo group (45 subjects). There were no statistically significant differences between the amitriptyline and placebo groups in frequency (P=0.777; 95%CI -0.846 to 1.129) or duration (P=0.728) of abdominal pain after treatment.Conclusion Â Amitriptyline is not more effective than placebo for treating functional dyspepsia in adolescents.Â Â

Normal motor milestone development for use to promote child care Mahdin A. Husaini; Abas B. Bahari; Jajah K. Husaini; Yekti Widodo; Heryudarini Harahap; Susi Suwarti; Dewi Purnomosari; Fawziah A. Hadis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Motor behavior is an essential aspect of child development, and usually assessed in terms of age of achievement of motor milestone. The early detection of infants experiencing subtle delays in motor maturation can allow early intervention in developmental problems. Intervention can be more effective if delays are identified early. In order to facilitate the identification of early delays, the Center of Nutrition and Foods Research andDevelopment in Bogor has designed a simple tool to monitor the child (aged 3 to 18 months) motor development.Objective To develop an observable of normal gross motor maturation for use to detect deviance or motor delay.Methods A total of 2100 healthy children, aged 3-18 months, from high socio-economic group, in urban and suburban areas, were studied. Body length, weight and motor development were measured on all children. Gross motor development was measured 17 pre selected milestones: lie, sit, crawl, creep, stand Mth assistance, walk with assistance, stand alone, walk alone, and run.Results There were no differences between males and females in the comparison of attainment motor maturation therefore a sex combined curve was developed.Conclusion The curve of normal motor milestone development can be used as a tool to evaluate motor development over time, and/or as a child development card for use in primary health care.

Incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in low, intermediate-low, and intermediate-high risk group infants Ahmed Widiasta; Lelani Reniarti; Abdurachman Sukadi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is commonly found in newborns. Assessment of the risk of hyperbilirubinemia and information on the average time of the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia are important to prevent the development of severe hyperbilirubinemia.Objective To find out the incidence of and the time of the development of hyperbilirubinemia in healthy-term newborns.Method A cohort prospective study was done on healthy-term newborns born at Hasan Sadikin Hospital between November and December 2009. Subjects were divided into 4 groups of risk at discharged, based on Bhutani nonnogram. A serial bilirubin level measurement were perfonned within 6 days.Resu l ts One of 14 newborns at low risk group developed hyperbilirubinemia but did not need phototherapy. Six of 14 newborns at intermediate-low risk group developed hyperbilirubinemia, 2 of them needed phototherapy with total serum bilirubin level of 14.7 mg/dL at 57 hours and 19.8 mg/dL at111 hours. Nine of 15 newborns of intennediate-high risk group developed hyperbilirubinemia, 1 of them needed phototherapy with total serum bilirubin level of 16.6 mg/dL at 76 hours. There was no newborn cathegorized as high risk group in this study. The median time the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia in intennediate-low and intennediate-high risk group was 140 hours and 82 hours, respectively. There was no significant difference in survival curve between intennediate-high and intennediate-low risk groups (95% CI 108.1 to 1 2 5.4).Conclusion The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia was not different between intennediate-low and intermediate-high risk babies.

Clinical predictors of hypoxemia in 1-5 year old children with pneumonia Made Supartha; Putu Siadi Purniti; Roni Naning; Ida Bagus Subanada
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Pneumonia remains a major killer of under five children. Hypoxemia is the most serious manifestation of pneumonia. The most reliable way to detect hypoxemia is an arterial blood analysis or SPar However, these tools are not widely available; therefore, a simple clinical manifestation should be used as an alternative.Objective To determine clinical predictors of hypoxemia in 1-5 year-old children with pneumonia in Indonesia.Methods This study was conducted between February 2007 to Â August 2008 at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Sample was selected using a convenient sampling method. Subjects were divided into group of hypoxemia and nonnal saturation. We did clinical examination and SpOz measurement, as the gold standard, simultaneously.Results From 120 subjects" the prevalence of hypoxemia was 17.5%. The best single clinical predictors of hypoxemia was cyanosis (sensitivity 43%, specificity 99%, positive predictive value (PPV) 90%, negative predictive value (NPV) 89%). The best combination of clinical predictors of hypoxemia was cyanosis and head nodding (sensitivity 43%, specificity 99%, PPV 90%, NPV 89%.Conclusion Cyanosis or combination of cyanosis and head nodding is useful clinical predictors of hypoxemia in childhood pneumonia.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease with Thal fundoplication Irwan Effendi; Yusri Dianne Jurnalis; Yorva Sayoeti; Yusirwan Yusuf
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 50 No 6 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common phenomenon among heathy infants, with approximately 50% of infants aged 0 to 3 months and 67% of infants aged 4 months experiencing at least one episode of vomiting per day. GER defined as regurgitation of gastric contents into the esophagus or mouth. GER typically improves through the first postnatal year, with only 5% of healthy 12 month old infants experiencing vomiting.1,2 Complicated GER or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been reported to affect up to 8% of infants and children with GER.l,3 Antireflux procedures (ARPs) are increasingly offered to control GERD symptoms. We report a case of a baby with GERD and treated with ThaI fundoplication procedures. Fundoplication procedure is rarely performed in management of GERD, and this is the first fundoplication procedure in children with GERD at M. Djamil Hospital.

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