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Paediatrica Indonesiana

paediatrica-indonesiana
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Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia

ISSN : 00309311 EISSN : 2338476X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.

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Articles 2,127 Documents

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Diagnostic value of newborn foot length to predict gestational age Mutia Farah Fawziah; Bambang Soebagyo; Dwi Hidayah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 4 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Â Identification of gestational age, especially within 48 hours of birth, is crucial for newborns, as the earlier preterm status is detected, the earlier the child can receive optimal management. Newborn foot length is an anthropometric measurement which is easy to perform, inexpensive, and potentially efficient for predicting gestational age.Objective Â To analyze the diagnostic value of newborn foot length in predicting gestational age.Methods Â This diagnostic study was performed between October 2016 and February 2017 in the High Care Unit of Neonates at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 152 newborns were consecutively selected and underwent right foot length measurements before 96 hours of age. The correlation between newborn foot length to classify as full term and gestational age was analyzed with Spearmanâ€™s correlation test because of non-normal data distribution. The cut-off point of newborn foot length was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and diagnostic values of newborn foot length were analyzed by 2 x 2 table with SPSS 21.0 software.Results There were no significant differences between male and female newborns in terms of gestational age, birth weight, choronological age, and newborn foot length (P>0.05). Newborn foot length and gestational age had a significant correlation (r=0.53; P=0.000). The optimal cut-off newborn foot length to predict full term status was 7.1 cm. Newborn foot length below 7.1 cm had sensitivity 75%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 94.3%, negative predictive value 90.6%, positive likelihood ratio 40.5, negative likelihood ratio 0.25, and post-test probability 94.29%, to predict preterm status in newborns.Conclusion Â Newborn foot length can be used to predict gestational age, especially for the purpose of differentiating between preterm and full term newborns.

Hematological parameters and remission induction of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia Roro Rukmi Windi Perdani; Bambang Sudarmanto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 2 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common childhood malignancies in Indonesia. Many factors can inhibit the induction of remission. Hematological parameters are usually not normal. Identification of corresponding factors is important to increase the likelihood of successful inductions. Objective To assess for associations between hematological parameters and induction of remission in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods Data were collected from medical records of ALL patients hospitalized in the Pediatric Ward at Dr. Kariadi Hospital from May 2014 â€“ May 2016. Dependent variables were hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) levels; the independent variable was induction of remission. Results Out of 55 patients, 33 (60%) had anemia, 6 (10.9%) had leukocytosis, and 1 (1.8%) had hyperleukocytosis, whereas 9 (34.5%) had leukopenia and 29 (52,7%) had normal leukocyte levels. Thirty-one subjects (56.4%) had thrombocytopenia, 15 (27.3%) had thrombocytosis, and only 9 (16.4%) patients had normal platelet counts. There were 29 (52.7%) with absolute ANC > 500, whereas 26 (47.3%) had ANC level â‰¤ 500. Most patients (80%) experienced remission induction, while 20% did not. There were significant associations between ANC level and induction of remission (P=0.010) as well as between platelet level and induction of remission (P= 0.033). Regression logistic test revealed that ANC level â‰¤ 500 was associated with a 7-fold lower remission event compared to ANC level > 500 (RR 7.147; 95%CI 1.38 to 37.14). Conclusion Lower ANC level (â‰¤ 500) was significantly associated with lower remission compared to higher ANC level (> 500).

Effectiveness of ferric sodium edentate supplementation in children with lead poisoning Praevilia Salendu; Nurhayati Masloman; Sarah M. Warouw
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 4 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Lead is a harmful toxin that affects human health worldwide, especially in children. Lead poisoning remains a global problem both in developed and developing countries. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends nutritional intervention with iron supplementation to efficiently control high lead levels. Iron supplementation in the form of sodium ferric ethylene-diaminetera-acetic acid/ ferric sodium edentate (NaFeEDTA) is highly bioavailable.Objective To determine the effectiveness of ferric sodium edentate (NaFeEDTA) on lead levels in children woaj ;ead [pospmomg.Methods Â This interventional, analytical study, had a one group pretest-posttest design, and was done on children in four elementary schools in the Talawaan District, North Minahasa Regency from August to November 2014. Inclusion criteria were elementary students aged 6-9 years with lead poisoning (lead levels â‰¥ 10 Î¼g/dL) and good nutritional status. Subjects wereÂ given NaFeEDTA 115.4 mg (15 mg elemental iron) at a dosage of 3 mg/kgBW/day elemental iron given between meal times. Iron supplementation was given daily per oral route for 12 weeks.Â Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of the study sample. Pre- and post-test analyses were done with paired T-tests. Significance level was P <0.05.Results In this study, 39 children met the inclusion criteria and consisted of 19 boys and 20 girls. Their mean age was 8.43 (SD 0.44) years. Pre-test and post-test blood lead levels was 36.18 Î¼g/dL and 5.22 Î¼g/dL, respectively.There was a significant reduction in mean blood lead levels after administration of NaFeEDTA (P <0.0001).Conclusion In children with lead poisoning, blood lead levels are significantly reduced after 12 weeks of NaFeEDTA supplementation.

Effects of Nigella sativa oil on Th1/Th2, cytokine balance, and improvement of asthma control in children Wisnu Barlianto; Maria Rachmawati; Muhammad Irawan; Desy Wulandari
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 5 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by involvement of a variety of inflammatory cells. Asthma is associated with imbalances between Th1/Th2 cells and their characteristic cytokine profiles. Nigella sativa is a plant that possesses immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties.Objective To investigate the potential anti-asthmatic effect of Nigella sativa oil on Th1/Th2 cells, IFN-É£/IL-4 cytokines, and improvement of asthma control.Methods Children aged 6-15 years with asthma in Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated based on standard treatment guidelines for asthma. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) was given per oral as supplementary treatment at a dose of 15-30 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks, in a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial. Peripheral Th1 and Th2 cells were counted by flow cytometry and IFN-É£ and IL-4 cytokines were measured by ELISA. Improvement of asthma control was assessed by theÂ asthma control test (ACT) score.Results Twenty-eight patients completed the study, 14 in the NSO treatment group and 14 in standard treatment group. No significant differences were found in the number of Th1 and Th2 cells, or in the Th1/Th2 ratio between groups after treatment (P=0.074, P=0.481, and P=0.265, respectively). Compared to the control, the NSO group showed a significant elevation of IFN-É£ (P=0.046) and reduction of IL-4 (P=0.002). At the end of study, ACT score was not significantly different between groups (P=0.413).Conclusion Supplementation with Nigella sativa oil improves IFN-É£/IL-4 balance and asthma control in children with asthma.

Quality of life among obese and non-obese early adolescents Putu Vivi Paryati; I. G. Lanang Sidiartha; I. G. Ayu Trisna Windiani; I. G. A. N. Sugitha Adnyana
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 4 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Obesity in adolescents adversely affects both their psychological as well as their physical health.Objective To compare the quality of life between obese and non-obese early adolescents, using the PedsQL inventory.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on early adolescents aged 10-12 years among several elementary schools in Denpasar, Bali. Body mass index (BMI) percentiles for age and sex were categorized as obese (BMI â‰¥95th percentile) and non-obese (BMI <95th percentile). Data on quality of life were collected using PedsQL Generic Core Scales version 4.0 inventory, filled by the children and their parents separately.Results Total PedsQL score in obese and non-obese group were significantly difference in both reports [child report: mean difference of 9.59 (95%CI 7.14 to 12.05; P<0.05) and parent-proxy report: mean difference at 8.95(95%CI6.64 to 11.26; P<0.05)]. After classifying subjects into impaired and not impaired quality of life based on a total score cut-off <78 as well as other cut-off points for each domain, the individual domains of physical, social, and school function were also significantly associated with obesity (child report: P=0.02, P< 0.001, P=0.018, respectively, and parent-proxy report:P=0.007, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). However, emotional function was not significantly associated with obesity (P>0.05). After adjusting for age, gender, and parental education, obesity was significantly associated with PedsQL scores in the child report (OR 7.25; 95%CI 2.94 to 17.89; P<0.05) and the parent-proxy report (OR 10.87; 95%CI 3.83 to 30.84; P<0.05).Conclusion Obese early adolescents reported significantly poorer quality of life with regards to the physical, social, school function domains and total quality of life than those who were classified into non-obese.

The addition of omeprazole to ondansetron for treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric cancer patients Perjuangan Dapot Hamonangan Simbolon; Selvi Nafianti; Pertin Sianturi; Bidasari Lubis; Aznan Lelo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 1 (2018): January 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are some of the most disturbing side effects in pediatric cancer patients. The standard recommendation is the use of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor antagonist, such as ondansetron, to treat these symptoms. Despite this treatment, more than 50% of patients still experience nausea and vomiting. Objective To evaluate the effect of the addition of omeprazole to ondansetron in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Methods A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, from March to May 2016. Subjects were children aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with cancer, and who received intravenous chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to receive either a single dose of ondansetron (0.5 mg/kg) plus placebo or ondansetron (0.5 mg/kg) plus omeprazole (0.5 mg/kg). The severity of nausea and vomiting were measured using the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting, and retching during the 24 hours after initiation of emetogenic chemotherapy. The primary outcome of efficacy was the proportion of patients who achieved complete response (lack of nausea/vomiting). Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square and Fischerâ€™s exact tests. Results Seventy eligible pediatric patients were randomized into two groups: 32 subjects in the ondansetron + placebo group and 38 others in the ondansetron + omeprazole group. The therapy failed in 50% (16/32) of the ondansetron + placebo group and 18.4% (7/38) of the ondansetron + omeprazole group. There was a significant difference in the clinical response between groups (P=0.01). Conclusion The addition of omeprazole to ondansetron for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is more effective than administration of ondansetron alone.

Risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infection among elementary school students Kadek Adit Wiryadana; I Wayan Ardyan Sudharta Putra; Putu Diah Saraswati Rahayu; Made Martha Pradnyana; Made Lady Adelaida; I Made Sudarmaja
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 6 (2017): November 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Helminth infection remains a health problem, especially in school-aged children. Mass eradication programs with a single dose of anti-helminthic drugs were employed by the local government in some endemic areas in Bali. However, the effectiveness of the programs has not been well evaluated. Objective To investigate prevalence and possible risk factors of helminth infection, including nutritional status, in elementary school students from endemic areas who participated in mass eradication programs. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 126 students from Elementary School No. 3 Gegelang, Karangasem, Bali, a location that had recently undergone a mass eradication program. Diagnoses were based on direct smear examination of fecal specimens. Information on suspected risk factors and nutritional status were collected by questionnaire and anthropometric measurement, respectively. Statistical analyses included Chi-square and odds ratio, using SPSS v21 software. Results The prevalence of helminth infection was 31.7% with etiologies of Trichuris trichuria (75%), Ascaris lumbricoides (17.5%), or both infections (7.5%). Habits of not using footwear [OR=4.88; 95%CI 1.15 to 20.65], not keeping nails trimmed [OR=3.33; 95%CI 1.07 to 10.37], and absence of a proper toilet [OR=4.31; 95%CI 1.93 to 9.64] were found to be significant risk factors for helminth infection. However, we found no significant association between helminth infection and nutritional status, although a considerable number of students had less than normal reference values, in terms of weight, height, and BMI for age. Conclusion The prevalence of helminth infection continues to be high, with personal hygiene and sanitation as significant risk factors. History of mass eradication programs did not confer an effective protection against helminth infection.

Upper arm fat and muscle in stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months Bagus Winandi Arundito; Madarina Julia; Neti Nurani; Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 5 (2017): September 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is high, with particularly negative impacts on health during childhood as well as adolescence. Stunting impacts the health of children as well as adults, especially withÂ regards to future obesity. Therefore, evaluating body composition of stunted children before 2 years of age is necessary.Objective To compare upper arm fat and muscle measurements in stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months of age.Methods We analyzed secondary data of the Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Disease, Department of Child Health, Universitas Gadjah Mada Medical School, Yogyakarta which were collected using cluster random sampling from the Yogyakarta Special Province. We compared upper arm fat area (UFA), including the upper arm fat area estimate (UFE) and the upper arm fat percentage (UFP), as well as upper arm muscle area (UMA) and upper arm muscle area estimate (UME), among stunted and non-stunted children aged 0-24 months.Results We analyzed 2,195 children. The prevalence of stunting was 354/2,195 (16.1%). The UFA, UFE, and UFP among stunted children were significantly lower compared to non-stunted children aged 7-12 months [UFA: 4.48 vs. 5.05 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively; UFE: 4.88 vs. 5.55 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively; and UFP: 30.82 vs. 32.58% (P = 0.03), respectively]. The UMA in children aged 7-12 months was also significantly lower in stunted than in non-stunted children [11.31 vs. 11.79 cm2 (P = 0.02), respectively], as well as in children aged 13-24 months [11.05 vs. 11.75 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively]. In addition, the UME in children aged 13-24 months was significantly lower in stunted compared to non-stunted children [10.50 vs. 11.18 cm2 (P <0.001), respectively].Conclusion The UFA in children aged 7-12 months is smaller in stunted than in non-stunted children, whereas UMA in children aged 7-12 months and 13-24 months was smaller in stunted compared to non-stunted children.

Tuberculosis risk factors in children with smear-positive tuberculosis adult as household contact Nora Hajarsjah; Ridwan M. Daulay; Oke Rina Ramayani; Wisman Dalimunthe; Rini Savitri Daulay; Fathia Meirina
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 58 No 2 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Children in household contact of adults with smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) are at higher risk of TB infection. Screening of these children is a main strategy for eliminating childhood TB.Objective To determine risk factors of TB among children in household contact with smear-positive adult TB patients.Methods This case-control study was conducted in 5 public health centers at Batu Bara District, North Sumatera. We studied children from birth to 18 year-old living in the same house as adults with smear-positive TB. A tuberculosis scoring system was used to diagnosis TB in the children. Associations between risk factors and the incidence of TB were analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and logistic regression tests.Results We enrolled 145 children who had household contact with smear-positive adult TB patients. Subjects were allocated to either the case group [TB score >6; 61 subjects (42.0%)] or the control group [TB score <6; 84 subjects (58.0%)]. Bivariate analysis revealed that nutritional status, immunization status, number of people in the house, sleeping in the same bed, and duration of household contact had significant associations with the incidence of TB. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, nutritional status and duration of household contact were significant risk factors for TB, with OR 5.89 and 8.91, respectively.Conclusion Malnutrition and duration of household contact with smear-positive adult TB patients of more than 6 hours per day were risk factors for TB among children.

Relationship between age at menarche and exposure to sexual content in audio-visual media and other factors in Islamic junior high school girls Tity Wulandari; Melda Deliana; Sri Sofyani; Siska Mayasari Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 57 No 6 (2017): November 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background In recent decades, girls have experienced menarche at earlier ages, which may have negative effects on health. Exposure to audio-visual media and other factors may influence the age at menarche, although past studies have produced inconsistent results. Objective To assess for relationships between the age at menarche and audio-visual media exposure, socio-economic status, nutritional status, physical activity, and psychosocial dysfunction in adolescent girls. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from August to October 2015 in students from two integrated Islamic junior high schools in Medan, North Sumatera. There were 216 students who met the inclusion criteria: aged 10-16 years and experienced menarche. They were asked to fill out questionnaires that had been previously validated, regarding their history of exposure to audio-visual media, physical activity, and psychosocial dysfunction. The data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisherâ€™s exact tests in order to assess for relationships between audio-visual media exposure and other potential factors with the age at menarche. Results Of 261 female students at the two schools, 216 had undergone menarche, with a mean age at menarche of 11.6 (SD 1.13) years. There was no significant relationship between age at menarche and audio-visual media exposure (P=0.68). Also, there were no significant relationships between factors such as socio-economic and psychosocial status with age at menarche (P=0.64 and P=0.28, respectively). However, there were significant relationships between earlier age at menarche and overweight/obese nutritional status (P=0.02) as well as low physical activity (P=0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low physical activity had the strongest influence on early menarche (RP=2.40; 95%CI 0.92 to 6.24). Conclusion Age at menarche is not significantly associated with sexual content of audio-visual media exposure. However, there were significant relationships between earlier age at menarche and obese/overweight nutritional status as well as low physical activity.

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Location
Kota adm. jakarta pusat,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA