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Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 24422606     EISSN : 2548611X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
JBBI, Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology & Bioscience, is published twice annually and provide scientific publication medium for researchers, engineers, practitioners, academicians, and observers in the field related to biotechnology and bioscience. This journal accepts original papers, review articles, case studies, and short communications. The articles published are peer-reviewed by no less than two referees and cover various biotechnology subjects related to the field of agriculture, industry, health, environment, as well as life sciences in general. Initiated at the then Biotech Centre, the journal is published by the Laboratory for Biotechnology, the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, BPPT.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 542 Documents
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OPTIMASI TEKNIK WESTERN BLOT UNTUK DETEKSI EKSPRESI PROTEIN TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) Susianti, .; Sukmana, Edi; Lesmana, Ronny; Supratman, Unang
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (350.722 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i2.3249

Abstract

Optimization of Western Blot Technique for Protein Expression of Rice Plant (Oryza sativa L.) Western blot (WB) technique has been widely used for analyzing protein expression and for identifying specific proteins derived from animals, plants, and microorganisms. During the use of WB, especially in agricultural studies, some difficulties are encountered such as unclear or unspecific protein bands, the presence of bubbles, and the absence of protein bands on membrane. This study aims to determine the WB conditions appropriate for the protein expression of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Protein from rice plant was extracted and the obtained protein lysate was then used for proteomic analysis using western blot with β-actin antibody. Our experiment showed that some optimized parameters like blocking buffers, the concentration of primary antibody and the ratio of secondary antibody determined the clarity of the results. β-actin was used as internal control that measured the success of the WB technique. Results showed that lysis process was important in determining good WB results in addition to the optimal blocking solution using a BSA of 0.2%, a primary antibody concentration of 1 μg mL–1, and a secondary antibody of 1:10,000. Optimizing techniques during extraction, incubation, and documentation facilitated good WB results.Keywords: β-actin; optimization; protein; rice plant; western blotABSTRAKTeknik western blot (WB) telah banyak digunakan untuk analisis ekspresi protein dan mengidentifikasi protein spesifik dari hewan, tumbuhan dan mikroorganisme. Dalam implementasi teknik WB, khususnya studi dalam bidang pertanian, beberapa kesulitan ditemui seperti pita protein tidak jelas, tidak spesifik, adanya gelembung, hingga tidak munculnya pita protein pada membran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi WB yang tepat untuk deteksi protein tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). Protein tanaman padi diekstraksi, kemudian lysate protein yang didapat dianalisis dengan metode westernblot menggunakan antibody β-actin. Penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa beberapa parameter yang dioptimasi seperti larutan blocking, konsentrasi antibodi primer dan rasio antibodi sekunder akan menentukan hasil yang jelas. β-actin digunakan sebagai kontrol internal yang menjadi tolok ukur keberhasilan teknik WB. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proses lisis menjadi hal penting dalam menentukan hasil WB yang baik disamping larutan blocking yang optimal menggunakan BSA 0,2%, konsentrasi antibodi primer 1 µg mL–1 dan antibodi sekunder 1:10.000. Mengoptimalkan teknik selama ekstraksi, inkubasi dan dokumentasi membantu mendapatkan hasil WB yang baik.
Back Cover JBBI Vol 2, No 1, June 2015 Sriherwanto, Catur
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (261.832 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v2i1.1054

Abstract

FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN RAGI TEMPE SEBAGAI CARA BIOLOGIS PENGAPUNGAN PAKAN IKAN Leiskayanti, Yesi; Sriherwanto, Catur; Suja'i, Imam
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1095.251 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v4i2.2503

Abstract

Fermentation Using Tempe Starter as A Biological Method for Providing Buoyancy to Fish FeedABSTRACTRhizopus sp. is known as the fungus in the making of the soybean tempeh, Rhizopus sp. fermentation brought about chemical as well as physical changes on the substrate including the buoyancy and water stability. These features may be used to biologically prepare floating aquafeed. In this study, tempeh starter was used as the biological agent in the fermentation of commercial sinking fish feed in which fermentation period was varied at 0, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, and 34 hours. The resulting fermented feeds were oven-dried and their physical qualities were measured and compared to the commercial floating fish feed (positive control). Results showed that the fermented feed gained better water stability, absorption capacity, and floatability compared to those of the commercial sinking feed. These values were however still lower than those of the commercial floating feeds. Thus, fermentation process using tempeh mould has potential to be further improved as a biological method of producing floating fish feed. Keywords: fermentation, floatability, Rhizopus sp., water absorption,  water stability ABSTRAKRhizopus sp. dikenal sebagai jamur yang digunakan dalam pembuatan tempe kedelai. Fermentasi Rhizopus sp. menyebabkan perubahan kimia dan fisika pada substrat, termasuk daya apung dan stabilitas dalam air. Sifat ini bisa dimanfaatkan untuk membuat pakan ikan apung secara biologis. Dalam penelitian ini, ragi tempe digunakan sebagai agen hayati dalam fermentasi pakan ikan tenggelam komersial dimana periode fermentasi divariasi selama 0, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, dan 34 jam. Pakan fermentasi yang dihasilkan dikeringkan dengan oven, selanjutnya kualitas fisiknya diukur dan dibandingkan dengan pakan ikan apung komersial (kontrol positif). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan fermentasi memiliki stabilitas dalam air, daya serap air, dan daya apung yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pakan tenggelam komersial. Namun nilai ini masih lebih rendah dibandingkan pakan apung komersial. Oleh karenanya, proses fermentasi menggunakan ragi tempe memiliki potensi untuk diperbaiki lebih lanjut sebagai metode biologis pembuatan pakan ikan apung. Received: 11 October 2017                 Accepted: 07 November 2017              Published: 04 December 2017Kata Kunci: daya apung, daya serap air, fermentasi, Rhizopus sp., stabilitas dalam air
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS LIPASE KAPANG LIMBAH KERNEL DAN NUT KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN RADIASI GAMA DAN ULTRAVIOLET Indriawan, Aris; Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo; Suhendar, Dadang; Siswodarsono, Trismilah
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (516.758 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v5i2.2991

Abstract

Enhancement of Lipase Activity of Molds Isolated from Kernel and Nut Waste of Oil Palm with Gamma and Ultraviolet IrradiationABSTRACTMolds isolated from oil palm waste sampled from Malingping, Lebak, Banten, West Java have the potential for lipase production. This study aimed to increase the fungal lipase activity with gamma radiation and ultraviolet light (UV). NA and KC mold spores were exposed to various gamma radiation doses of 1, 2, 3 and 4 kGy. The best of these NA and KC resulted mutants were followed by ultraviolet mutations for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours, at dose of 0.1 J/cm2, 254 nm, 20 cm. Lipase activity was tested by the Lindfield method. The results showed that gamma radiation affected the lipase activity of NA1kGy mutants (8.58 U/mL) and KC1 kGy (8.25 U/mL), each increased the lipase activity by 4.6% and 3.13% from the wild type, respectively. Mutations with ultraviolet had an effect on mutant lipase activity of KC4H 10U/mL and NA3H 9.25 U/mL, each increased the lipase activity by 25% and 15.63% from the wild type, respectively. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic (28srRNA) approaches, a mold of KC had a 100% similarity with Aspergillus fumigatus strain RA204.Keywords: gamma radiation, KC mold, lipase, NA mold, ultraviolet light ABSTRAKKapang dari limbah kelapa sawit diisolasi dari Malingping, Lebak, Banten, Jawa Barat berpotensi untuk menghasilkan lipase. Penelitian ini betujuan meningkatkan aktivitas lipase kapang dengan radiasi sinar gama dan sinar ultraviolet (UV). Spora kapang NA dan KC dipaparkan pada berbagai radiasi gama dosis 1, 2, 3 dan 4 kGy. Hasil terbaik dari mutan NA dan KC dilanjutkan dengan mutasi ultraviolet dengan lama inkubasi 1, 2, 3, dan 4 jam, dosis 0,1 J/cm2, 254 nm, 20 cm. Aktivitas lipase diuji dengan metode Lindfield. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa radiasi gama berpengaruh pada aktivitas lipase mutan NA 1kGy 8,58 U/mL dan KC1 kGy 8,25 U/mL, masing-masing menaikkan aktivitas lipase sebesar 4,6% dan 3,13% dari wild type-nya. Hasil mutasi dengan ultraviolet berpengaruh pada aktivitas lipase mutan KC4H 10U/mL dan NA3H 9,25 U/mL, masing-masing menaikkan aktivitas lipase sebesar 25% dan 15,63% dari wild type-nya. Berdasarkan pendekatan fenotipik dan filogenetik (28s rRNA), isolat kapang kernel C memiliki similiaritas 100% dengan spesies Aspergillus fumigatus strain RA204.Kata Kunci: kapang KC, kapang NA, lipase, radiasi sinar gama, sinar ultraviolet
PENGARUH TEKNIK PENGAPUNGAN HAYATI MELALUI FERMENTASI Rhizopus sp. TERHADAP KANDUNGAN NUTRISI PAKAN IKAN APUNG Paramadini, Sabrina Ayu; Sriherwanto, Catur; Nurlaila, .; Suja'i, Imam; Annisa, Mutiara Ayu
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (756.154 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i1.3477

Abstract

Influence of Biofloatation Technique through Rhizopus sp. Fermentation on the Nutritional Quality of the Floating Fish FeedABSTRACTSolid fermentation using the mold Rhizopus has been used as an alternative method to improve the physical quality of fish feed, namely stability in water and floatability. Although the fermented fish feed produced had been shown previously to have better stability in water and floatability, the effect of the fermentation on the fish feed nutrition has not yet been known. This study aimed to determine the effect of solid fermentation using the mold Rhizopus sp. on the nutrient content of the fermented feed. In addition, the effect of adding tapioca as much as 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 g to the dry weight loss and density of the fermented feed was investigated. The results showed that the fermented feed contained higher levels of ash and protein than that before fermentation. The addition of tapioca up to 4 g had no significat effect (p>0.01) on the dry weight loss of the fermented feed, but tended to increase its density compared to those without tapioca addition.Keywords: density, fermentation, fish feed, nutrition, Rhizopus ABSTRAKFermentasi padat menggunakan kapang Rhizopus telah digunakan sebagai metode alternatif untuk memperbaiki kualitas fisik pakan ikan, yakni stabilitas dalam air dan daya apung. Meskipun pakan ikan fermentasi yang dihasilkan sebelumnya sudah dibuktikan memiliki stabilitas dalam air dan daya apung yang lebih baik, namun pengaruh fermentasi terhadap nutrisi pakan ikan tersebut belumlah diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh fermentasi padat menggunakan kapang Rhizopus sp. terhadap kandungan nutrisi pakan fermentasi, dan pengaruh penambahan tapioka sebanyak 0, 1, 2, 3, dan 4 g terhadap kehilangan berat kering dan mass jenis pakan hasil fermentasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pakan fermentasi mengandung kadar abu dan protein lebih tinggi dibandingkan sebelum difermentasi. Penambahan tapioka hingga 4 g tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,01) pada kehilangan berat kering pakan fermentasi, namun cenderung meningkatkan massa jenis dibandingkan tanpa penambahan tapioka.Kata kunci: fermentasi, massa jenis, nutrisi, pakan ikan, Rhizopus
ANALISA KANDUNGAN ANDROGRAPHOLIDE PADA TANAMAN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata) DARI 12 LOKASI DI PULAU JAWA Royani, Juwartina Ida; Hardianto, Dudi; Wahyuni, Sri
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (842.933 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v1i1.547

Abstract

Concentration of active compounds contained in medicinal plants is determined by genetic factors as well as growth environment. In sambiloto plants both factors have major impacts on the formation of diterpene lactone, andrographolide. Variation of sampling time, cultivation, and processing methods causes variation in the content of active compounds of the same plant. The purpose of this study was to determine andrographolide concentration of sambiloto plants obtained from 12 different locations with various planting conditions in Java Island. andrographolide content of sambiloto was extracted by methanol and analyzed using HPLC. The results showed that the concentrations of andrographolide varied from 0.29 to 4.44% with an average of 2.19% on dry weight basis. The highest concentration of 4.44% was detected in sambiloto accession from Wonokaton Village, Pasuruan Regency while the lowest one was from Conggeang Kulon Village, Sumedang Regency. Three sambiloto accessions had potential to be further developed as their andrographolide concentrations were above 3%, which was higher than those from all the others.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, active coumpound, HPLC, Java island ABSTRAKKadar senyawa aktif yang terkandung pada tanaman obat selain dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan tumbuhnya. Pada tanaman sambiloto kedua faktor tersebut berpengaruh sangat besar pada pembentukan diterpen lakton, andrographolide. Adanya variasi pada waktu pengambilan sampel, tempat penanaman, metode pengolahan dan lain sebagainya berakibat pada perbedaan dalam kandungan senyawa aktif pada tanaman yang sama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar andrographolide dari tanaman sambiloto yang diambil dari 12 lokasi tumbuh dengan kondisi penanaman yang berbeda di Pulau Jawa. Daun tanaman sambiloto diekstrak dengan methanol kemudian dianalisis kandungan andrographolide menggunakan HPLC. Kadar andrographolide yang dihasilkan bervariasi berkisar antara 0,29-4,44% dengan kadar rata-rata adalah 2,19% berat kering. Kadar tertinggi didapatkan pada aksesi dari Desa Wonokaton Kabupaten Pasuruan dengan kadar andrographolide adalah 4,44% sedangkan kadar yang terendah didapatkan pada aksesi dari Desa Conggeang Kulon, Kab. Sumedang. Berdasarkan data kandungan andrographolide, diperoleh 3 aksesi sambiloto yang potensial untuk dikembangkan menjadi aksesi unggulan karena kadar andrographolidenya di atas 3%, melebihi semua yang lain.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, senyawa aktif, HPLC, pulau Jawa
PENGARUH KOMBINASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KARAKTERISTIK NUTRISI SUSU KERBAU Sunaryanto, Rofiq
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (573.366 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v4i1.2064

Abstract

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Combination on Characteristic Change of Buffalo Milk Nutrition Determination of physical and chemical characteristics on fermented milk using a mixture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium sp. has been conducted. Fermentation was carried out for 20 hours at 37ºC in a facultative aerobic condition. Physical characteristics were performed by comparing the physical properties before and after fermentation such as viscosity and texture, including chemical properties such as pH, acidity, protein, fat, and sugar contents. Inoculants of lactic acid bacteria were varied using a combination of lactic acid bacteria mixture. Results showed that the combination of bacteria inoculants used has no significant effect on changes in protein, fat, ash, and water contents. However, the effects on total acid, pH, sugar content, and physical appearance such as viscosity and texture were significant. The combination of L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus and Bifidobacterium sp. (A6) produced a soft texture appearance and high viscosity. The combination of inoculant bacteria L. bulgaricus with S. thermophilus (A5) produced a texture similar to A6 but with a lower viscosity than A6.Keywords: Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium sp, buffalo milk, fermentation. ABSTRAKPenelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan kimia hasil fermentasi susu kerbau menggunakan campuran Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, dan Bifidobacterium sp telah dilakukan. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 20 jam pada suhu 37ºC secara aerobe fakultatif. Karakteristik fisika dilakukan dengan membandingkan sifat fisik seperti kekentalan dan tekstur, serta sifat kimia yang meliputi kandungan protein, lemak, gula, pH, keasaman sebelum dan sesudah fermentasi. Inokulan bakteri asam laktat divariasikan menggunakan kombinasi campuran bakteri asam laktat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi inokulan yang digunakan dalam proses fermentasi susu kerbau tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perubahan kadar protein, lemak, abu, dan air. Namun demikian berpengaruh nyata terhadap total asam, pH, kadar gula, dan penampakan fisik seperti kekentalan dan tekstur. Kombinasi inokulan L. bulgaricus, S. thermophilus dan Bifidobacterium sp. (A6) menghasilkan susu fermentasi dengan penampakan tekstur halus dan kekentalan yang lebih padat. Kombinasi bakteri L. bulgaricus dengan  S. thermophilus (A5) menghasilkan tekstur yang mirip dengan A6, namun demikian menghasilkan kekentalan yang lebih rendah dibandingkan A6.Kata kunci: Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium sp, susu  kerbau, fermentasi
Appendix JBBI Vol 5, No 1, June 2018: Keyword Index and Author Index Sriherwanto, Catur
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2018): June 2018
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (416.468 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v5i1.2992

Abstract

PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI METANOL DAN LAMA INDUKSI TERHADAP EKSPRESI PROINSULIN OLEH Pichia pastoris SECARA INTRASELULER Martius, Efrida; Triyadi, Andree; Sofia, Dewi Yustika; Mahsunah, Anis Herliyati
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1800.186 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v6i1.3176

Abstract

The Effects of Variation in Methanol Concentration and Induction Time on Intracellular Proinsulin Expression by Pichia pastoris ABSTRACTDiabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. There were 215 million diabetic patients in 2014 and the number is expected to rise in 2040. Generally, insulin is used to treat diabetic patients. Insulin production by recombinant technology has been done, though still inefficient, by using E. coli and S. cerevisiae expression system. Another alternative expression system is methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. In this research, proinsulin has been expressed by P. pastoris intracellularly. P. pastoris strains used in this research were X33, GS115, and KM71H. All recombinant strains were MutS. Best cultivation media was BMGY. Proinsulin expression was observed at 25°C. Pichia pastoris strain that expressed proinsulin best was GS115-PI. It was supported by PCR in which the strain GS115-PI gave 504 bp-sized bands. Based on proinsulin formation time, the final methanol concentration of 0.5% in 72 hours was found to be the best treatment.Keywords: BMGY, methanol, phenotype, Pichia pastoris, proinsulin ABSTRAKDiabetes melitus merupakan kelainan yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia. Penderita diabetes pada tahun 2014 di dunia mencapai 215 juta dan diperkirakan akan meningkat pada tahun 2040. Umumnya penderita diabetes diberi pengobatan insulin sehingga menunjukkan akan ada peningkatan kebutuhan insulin. Produksi insulin dengan teknologi DNA rekombinan telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan sistem ekspresi E. coli dan S. cerevisiae namun masih belum efisien. Sistem alternatif lain adalah ragi metilotropik Pichia pastoris. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ekspresi proinsulin dari P. pastoris secara intraseluler. Galur P. pastoris yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah X33, GS115, dan KM71H. Semua galur rekombinan adalah MutS. Media tumbuh terbaik adalah BMGY. Ekspresi proinsulin terlihat pada suhu 25°C. Hasil PCR menunjukkan bahwa galur GS115-PI yang dapat menghasilkan pita amplikon berukuran 504 bp. Hasil PCR ini dibuktikan oleh hasil seleksi galur yang menunjukkan bahwa galur GS115-PI dapat mengekspresi proinsulin dibandingkan galur lainnya. Berdasarkan kecepatan pembentukan pita protein proinsulin, variasi konsentrasi akhir metanol 0,5% dengan lama induksi 72 jam merupakan perlakuan terbaik.Kata Kunci: BMGY, fenotipe, metanol, Pichia pastoris, proinsulin
TINJAUAN, D-ASAM AMINO OKSIDASE DARI MIKROBA: PRODUKSI DAN APLIKASI Wibisana, Ahmad; Mustika, Indria Puti
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015): December 2015
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (730.732 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v2i2.514

Abstract

D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amino acid D-isomers with high stereospecificity, which results in α-keto acids, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Having high stereospecificity, DAAO is used in a variety of applications such as drug, biocatalyst, biosensor and preparation of transgenic plants. DAAO is widespread in nature, found in microorganisms to mammals. Microbial DAAO is considered more important than mammalian DAAO for biotechnology application. DAAO production in submerged fermentation is influenced by several factors, such as carbon source, nitrogen source, inducer, dissolve oxygen, temperature and pH. The influence of those factors on DAAO production by microbial origin, DAAO production by microbial recombinant, and its application in biotechnology are discussed in this review.Keywords: Enzyme, DAAO, D-amino acid, production, application ABSTRAKEnzim D-asam amino oksidase (DAAO) merupakan enzim yang mengandung Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide yang bekerja mengkatalisis reaksi oksidasi deaminasi D-asam amino dengan stereospesifisitas yang tinggi menghasilkan α-asam keto, amonia dan hidrogen peroksida. Karena mempunyai karakteristik sreteospesifisitas yang tinggi, enzim DAAO banyak digunakan untuk berbagai aplikasi seperti obat, biokatalis, biosensor dan penyiapan tanaman transgenik. Enzim ini dapat dihasilkan oleh organisme mulai dari bakteri hingga mamalia, namun untuk aplikasi dibidang bioteknologi, enzim DAAO yang berasal dari mikroorganisme dipandang lebih penting dari pada yang berasal dari mamalia. Produksi enzim dari DAAO dari mikroorganisme dalam kultur cair dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti sumber karbon, nitrogen, senyawa penginduksi, oksigen terlarut, temperatur dan pH medium. Pengaruh dari faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap produksi enzim DAAO, produksi enzim DAAO menggunakan mikroba rekombinan serta aplikasinya dalam bidang bioteknologi dibahas dalam tinjauan.Kata Kunci: Enzim, DAAO, D-asam amino, produksi, aplikasi

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