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Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)
Published by Universitas Tadulako
ISSN : 24427284     EISSN : 24428744     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (E-ISSN: 2442-8744) (p-ISSN: 2442-7284), is an open access journal (print and e-journal) focusing on the scientific works in the field of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. The articles of this journal are published every six months, that is March and October (2 issues per year). This journal is developed by Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Tadulako University and has been identified in Crossref with the DOI Number : 10.22487/j24428744. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) has been accredited by Kemenristekdikti as Sinta 3 starting from Volume 5 No 1 2019.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 247 Documents
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The Use of Ambon Banana Starch (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum L.) as a New Binder in Tablet Formulation : Penggunaan Pati Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum L.) Sebagai Bahan Pengikat Baru Dalam Formulasi Tablet Ikhwatun Mutmainnah; Santi Sinala; Sisilia TR Dewi
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): (March 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i1.15917

Abstract

Background: Synthetic materials are commonly used as binders in tablet formulations, this causes the price of tablets to be more expensive. For this reason, new discoveries are sought that can replace synthetic materials by utilizing materials from nature. One of the binders that comes from natural ingredients and is easily obtained is the Ambon Banana Starch (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.)). Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the physical characteristics of paracetamol tablets from Ambon banana starch (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum L.) as a binder. Materials and Methods: Paracetamol tablets were compressed using the wet granulation method by adding a binder in the form of Ambon banana starch mucilago. The consentration of Ambon banana starch used was Formula I (15%), Formula II (17.5%) and Formula III (20%). Evaluation of the physical characteristics of the preparation is determined through the parameters of granule testing and tablet testing. Results: Formulation I, II, and III have met the requirements for the granule test. Meanwhile, in tablet testing, the results of size uniformity test, weight uniformity test, hardness test, and disintegration time test met the requirements for all formulations. However, in the friability test, Formula I (15%) did not meet the requirements with a value of 2.07% (requirement <1%), while formulas II and III had met the requirements. Conclusions: This study showed that Ambon banana starch can be used as a binder in tablet formulation.
Insulin Therapy Increases the Risk of Hypokalemia and Arrhythmia in Diabetic Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Retrospective Study in Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital: Terapi Insulin Meningkatkan Risiko Hipokalemia dan Aritmia pada Penderita Diabetes dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner: Studi Retrospektif di RSU Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hastuti Tajuddin; Elly Wahyudin; Yulia Yusrini Djabir; Firzan Nainu; Latifah Rahman
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15930

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often require insulin therapy to control hyperglycemia, yet, it is associated with the risk of hypokalemia and dysrhythmia. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and the risk of hypokalemia and arrhythmia due to insulin therapy in DM patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) comorbidity. Material and Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively based on medical record data from January 2021 to December 2021 in Wahidin Sudirohusodo general hospital. The inclusion criteria include the out-hospital patients diagnosed with DM with CHD comorbidity. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those who received insulin and those who received oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD). Hypokalemia was defined if an electrolyte characterized by a low serum potassium concentration with a normal range of 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L. Arrhythmia was defined if abnormal changes in a regular heartbeat, including an irregular heartbeat, a skipped heartbeat, a fast heart rate (tachycardia), or a slow heart rate (bradycardia). Results: The data were obtained from 322 patients’ medical record, 161 was treated with insulin, and 161 received OAD. The insulin-treated patients had a significantly lower blood potassium level compared to the OAD group. The insulin group had 63,40% incidents of hypokalemia, while in the OAD group only 16,80% experienced hypokalemia (p<0.05). The presence of arrhythmia was detected in 63,40 % of insulin-treated patients, while only 29,80% had arrhythmia in the OAD group (p<0,05). Conclusions: Insulin Therapy in DM patients with coronary heart disease can increase the incidence of hypokalemia, which may result in arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease.
Hematological Profile of Iron Overload in Rats Administered with Fruit Extract of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa): Gambaran Hematologi Tikus Model Besi Berlebih yang Diberi Ekstrak Buah Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) Fransisca Dela Verna; Ari Estuningtyas
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15936

Abstract

Background: Repeated blood transfusions lead to an accumulation of iron that exceeds the body's iron storage capacity. Free iron is able to catalyze the formation of hydroxyl radicals that cause oxidative damage and cell death. The use of iron chelating medicines for iron chelation therapy is limited by side effects. Mangiferin is a natural bioactive compound with iron chelating and antioxidant activity. Mahkota dewa is a plant native to Indonesia that contains mangiferin. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mahkota dewa fruit extract administration on hematological profile of iron overload rats. Material and Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 6 groups: normal rats (N), iron overload rats (IO), iron overload rats rats given deferiprone (D), mangiferin (M), Mahkota dewa fruit extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (PM1), or 200 mg/kg BW (PM2). Rats were given injection of iron sucrose 15 mg every 3-4 days for 8 weeks. At week 8, rats were sacrificed. Hematological analysis was performed in this study. Results: Iron overload condition caused by iron sucrose injection did not cause statistically significant changes in the haematological profile. Likewise, the administration mahkota dewa fruit extract at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg BW did not cause changes in the hematological profile. Conclusions: The administration of mahkota dewa fruit extract did not alter hematological profile of iron oveload rats.
Immunosuppressive Effect of Methanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg] Leaves: Efek imunosupresif ekstrak metanol dan fraksi etil asetat daun sukun [Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg] Dwi Hadi Setya Palupi; Andreanus A. Soemardji; Maria Immaculata Iwo
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15946

Abstract

Background: Artocarpus sp. contained a variety of flavonoids, some of which have been shown to reduce inflammation. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg) has been demonstrated. Chronic inflammation can occur when immune defence mechanisms are activated by inflammatory conditions. Objectives: This study examined breadfruit leaf methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction immunosuppressive effects. Material and Methods: The bioactive compounds in breadfruit leaves were extracted in methanol via maceration and fractionation in ethyl acetate via liquid-liquid extraction. The in vivo immunosuppressive effect was evaluated in male Swiss albino mice by humoral antibody titer, delayed-type hypersensitivity, and phagocytic index assays. Results: According to phytochemical screening, flavonoids and steroids were found in the extract and its ethyl acetate fraction. The breadfruit leaf extract and fraction showed an immunosuppressive effect through phagocytic index<1, and the thymus gland index was significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to control. The breadfruit leaf extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were able to inhibit the production of antibodies and DTH reactions, two types of immune responses. Conclusions: The extract of breadfruit leaves and the ethyl acetate fraction showed immunosuppressive properties.
Cost Analysis of Antipsychotics Schizophrenia of Inpatients in Mental Hospital West Java Province: Analisis Biaya Antipsikotik Pasien Skizofrenia Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Jawa Barat Indah Kurnia Utami; Melisa I. Barliana; Eli Halimah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15959

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that can affect behavior, emotions and communication. In the agitation phase ithe patient is acompanied by destructive or violent behavior. In these conditions, the patient must immediately calm down to avoid risk. Monotherapy Treatment in acute agitation schizophrenia is recommended than combination therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment costs and the factors that influence the total cost of schizophrenia patients at the Mental Hospital of West Java Province. This study was observational by cross sectional study design according to the hospital perspective. This method is retrospective data. The subject were inpatients aged 18-65 years with diagnosis of schizophrenia disorder and receiving antipsychotic therapy for at least 1 month. The results showed that average cost-effectiveness ratio (ACER) Rp.288.659/ 1 score PANSS EC with an average decrease score of 9,70. There is a difference in variant data compared because p-value = 0.011<0,05. ICER calculation of A to C = (Rp. 2.800.001–Rp. 2.593.821) / (9.70 - 8.57) = Rp. 182.460. The factors that influence the total cost found that the most significant are administration and room. The conclusion is atypical-atypical monotherapy recommended as a treatment for schizophrenic in agitation acute.
Oral Subchronic Toxicity Test of Yellow Root Ethanol Extract (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) In Rats (Mus musculus): Uji toksisitas subkronik oral ekstrak etanol akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) pada Mencit (Mus musculus) Rakhmadani Gadis Aprilianti; Tsaniaturrizqiah Permataningtyas; Fendi Yoga Wardana
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15961

Abstract

Background: Yellow root (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) is a native Indonesian plant that contains alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and berberine. This plant is proven to have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and anticancer activity. However, the effect on body weight, clinical symptoms and toxic symptoms has not been studied yet. Objectives: Accordingly, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of Arcangelisia flava Merr. extract with the multilevel maceration method on parameters of body weight, clinical symptoms and toxic symptoms in male rats. Material and Methods: A total of 16 male rats aged 6-8 weeks weighing 20-40 grams were divided into 4 groups. The control group was only given 1% sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), while the treatment group was given Arcangelisia flava Merr. extract at doses of 800, 900, and 1000 mg/kgBW orally for 28 days. At week 1 to week 4, body weight, clinical symptoms and toxic symptoms were observed for male rats. Result: Observations of toxic symptoms and symptoms showed that there were several symptoms that appeared in male rats and changes in body weight there were no significant differences from t0 to t1, t0 to t2, t0 to t3, and t0 to t4 for each treatment (p>0,05). Conclusions: The administration of Arcangelisia flava Merr. extract at doses of 800, 900, and 1000mg/kgBW for 28 days did not affect weight gain or loss, but these extracts did have an effect on symptoms in test animals such as straight fur and strange behavior.
Hepatoprotector Effect of Banana Peel (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum) on Paracetamol Induced Rats: Efek Hepatoprptektor Kulit Pisang Raja pada Tikus Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Jastria Pusmarani; Mus Ifaya; Risky Juliansyah Putri
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15968

Abstract

Background: Liver disease is generally still a high prevalence in Indonesia. One of drug-induced liver injury is paracetamol. Banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum) has flavonoid compounds that could increasing the production of glutathione enzymes in the liver. Objectives: This research aims to determine the activity of banana peel induced by paracetamol. This research is an experimental with pre and post test control group design method. Material and Methods: This research is an experimental with pre and post test control group design method. Group I was given 0.05% Na CMC as negative control, group II was given paracetamol 180 mg/kgBB as induction control group, group III was given banana peel extract at dose 700 mg / kgBB, group IV was given banana peel extract at dose 1400 mg/kgBB, and group V was given banana peel extract at dose 2100 mg/kgBW. Results: The liver damage can be measured by SGOT/SGPT serum levels of rats. SPSS data analysis with Paired sample T test obtained the value of p = 0.003 for SGOT (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) and p = 0.000 for SGPT. Conclusions: Both SGOT and SGPT values have p <0.05 which indicates that banana peel (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum) methanol extract has hepatoprotector effect on paracetamol-induced rats.
Clinical and Non-Clinical Predictors of Length of Stay in Indonesian hospitalized COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Patients: Prediktor Klinik dan Non-Klinik Lama Rawat Inap Pasien PPOK (Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis) di Rumah Sakit Matra Novalia Palipadang; Marianti A. Manggau; Muh. Akbar Bahar
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.16003

Abstract

Background: COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a chronic disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze potential predictors of length of hospitalization (length of stay/ LOS) of COPD patients in the Anutapura Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Material and Methods: This study is an analytical descriptive using a cross-sectional design. The data were collected from medical records of COPD patients at Anutapura Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province, during 2018-2021. Information about demographic data (age, gender, weight), clinical data (comorbidities, single/combination antibiotics, route of antibiotic administration, type of antibiotics, oxygen therapy, history of hospital admission due to pneumonia, with/without exacerbations), and non-clinical data (type of insurance and treatment class) were extracted. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify the predictors of LOS. Results: A total of 210 COPD patients were identified. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were several potential predictors of LOS in COPD patients (p < 0.25), namely: age (B: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.05), treatment class (B: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.01-2.33), exacerbation (B: 0.55, 95% CI: -0.24-1.35), comorbidities (B: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.25-1.12), and single/combination antibiotics (B: 1.43, 95% CI: 0.33- 2.54). The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that the older (B: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.06, p = 0.02) COPD patients and the more comorbidities (B: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.07-1.00, p = 0.02) that they had, the longer the LOS that they experienced. Conclusions: In this study, age and patient comorbidities are independent predictors of LOS in COPD patients in the Anutapura Hospital, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.
Safety assessment of statin-drug interaction effects in cardiology outpatient in Teaching Hospital at Surabaya: Penilaian keamanan efek interaksi obat statin pada pasien kardiovaskular rawat jalan RS Pendidikan di Surabaya Ana Khusnul Faizah; Amitasari Damayanti; Nani Wijayanti Dyah Nurrahman
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): (March 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i1.15985

Abstract

Background: HMG-CoA inhibitors, more commonly known as statins, are lipid-lowering agents that have benefits in cardiovascular therapy. Statins are associated with two significant side effects that are asymptomatic elevations of liver enzymes and myopathy. Myopathy is the most likely to occur when statins are prescribed with other drugs. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of drug interactions between statins and concomitant drugs in outpatient cardiovascular patients. Methods: This study conducted in a prospective cohort. Drug interactions was checked by using lexicomp drug interactions software and patient’s complaints were taken through interviews. Results: There were 69 patients included in this study as sample. A total of 16 patients received atorvastatin, and 53 patients received simvastatin. More than half of sample (59%) showed statin-drug interactions. The most drug interactions were severe (41%), followed by moderate (22%) and mild (10%). The most interacting drugs were amlodipine and diltiazem. Based on the results of interview, there were no complaint of myopathy felt by patient. Conclusion: The effects of drug interactions still need to be considered even though the patients did not complain myopathy. Several factors can determine the impact of drug interactions that is not experienced by the patients.
Transfersome as Topical Drug Delivery: Formulation and Characterization: Transfersome sebagai Pengiriman Obat Topikal: Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Nur Zakiyah Darajat; Anis Chaerunisaa; Marline Abdassah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): (March 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i1.16030

Abstract

A transdermal delivery system is a non-invasive delivery system that provide a controlled therapeutic effect. However, this system has a barrier that is the outermost layer of the skin, so that only part of the drug can be administered via the transdermal route. The use of the vesicular system as a carrier for drugs or active substances is a solution for transdermal delivery systems to be able to pass through the skin barrier. One of the vesicular systems that can overcome this problem is transfersome. Displacement is elastic and can change shape by squeezing itself to pass through smaller-than-sized pores. In addition, transfersomes can encapsulate drugs or active substances that are amphiphilic, and have permeation ability than conventional liposomes. This review article aims to explain the definition and general description of transfersomes, their mechanism of action, methods of preparation and characterization, and their recent application in drug delivery using the vesicular transfersome system.

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