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Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)
Published by Universitas Tadulako
ISSN : 24427284     EISSN : 24428744     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (E-ISSN: 2442-8744) (p-ISSN: 2442-7284), is an open access journal (print and e-journal) focusing on the scientific works in the field of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. The articles of this journal are published every six months, that is March and October (2 issues per year). This journal is developed by Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Tadulako University and has been identified in Crossref with the DOI Number : 10.22487/j24428744. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) has been accredited by Kemenristekdikti as Sinta 3 starting from Volume 5 No 1 2019.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 247 Documents
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Hepatoprotective Effect of Caesalpinia sappan L. Ethanolic Extract on Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats: Efek Hepatoprotektif Ekstrak Etanol Caesalpinia sappan L pada Tikus Diabetes Terinduksi Aloksan Holidah, Diana; Dewi, Ika Puspita; Siregar, Iskandar P. A.; Aftiningsih, Dwi
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15601

Abstract

Background: The complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) may lead to other health problems such as heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, leg amputation, vision loss, nerve and liver damage. Increasing free radicals in the hyperglycemic condition in DM can induce inflammation and necrosis that lead to liver damage. This damage causes elevated hepatic enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a biomarker that is often used to evaluate oxidative stress including in vivo experimental models of diabetes. Caesalpinia sappan L. is one of the well-known herbs which has a strong antioxidant effect and has various pharmacology activities, including antidiabetic and hepatoprotective. Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate the effect of Caesalpinia sappan L. ethanolic extract on liver function and antioxidant status in diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Twenty-four diabetic male rats were divided into six groups consisting of the normal control group, negative control, positive control, and Caesalpinia sappan L. extract treatment group at a dose of 50, 100, and 400 mg/kg BW. The diabetic status was induced by alloxan. The animals were given treatment for 14 days, and on the 15th day, their blood and liver were collected to measure the level of AST, ALT, plasma MDA, and liver MDA. Results: The extracts of Caesalpinia sappan L. can decrease the levels of AST and ALP and show a low number of MDA levels both in plasma and liver on diabetic rats induced by alloxan. The dose of 100 mg/kg BW has the best result for lowering AST and ALT levels; meanwhile, the dose of 400 mg/kg BW shows the least value of MDA among all the doses. Conclusions: The Caesalpinia sappan L. ethanolic extract has potential activity as the hepatoprotective and antioxidant in diabetic status.
The Rationality of Antibiotics Use on Acute Diarrhea to Pediatric Inpatients in the Fatmawati Hospital for 2018-2019 Period: Studi Penggunaan Obat Antibiotik Rational pada Diare Akut untuk Pasien Rawat Inap Anak di RS. Fatmawati Periode 2018-2019 Rokhmah, Nisa Najwa; Manuel, Yovania Grace Priskila; Putri Kusuma, Ema Nillafita; Nurdin, Naufal Muharam
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15684

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is characterized by an increase in the frequency of bowel movements more than three times a day. This disease has a fairly high incidence rate in Indonesia, especially in children. One of the causes of diarrhea is a bacterial infection, therefore it needs to be treated with antibiotics. Several studies show that there are still many antibiotics that are used irrationally. It is necessary to analyze the rationality of the use of antibiotics in pediatric patients with diarrhea using the Gyssens method Objectives: This study is to ascertain the profile of acute diarrhea pediatric patients characteristic and evaluate antibiotics rationality with Gyssens method. Moreover, the purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the rationality of the use of antibiotics in the inpatient pediatric acute diarrhea installation of Fatmawati Hospital 2018-2019 period. Material and Methods: This study is descriptive observational research. The study design was cross-sectional with retrospective data collection which was analysed then qualitatively with the Gyssens flow method Results: The result showed 54,29% antibiotics usde appropriately and rational. The irrational use of antibiotics was 45.7%. The results of statistical analysis with chi-square show a significant relationship between the rationality of antibiotics and the type of antibiotic (ρ = 0.000 < 0.05) and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the route of drug administration (ρ = 0.000 < 0.05) affected the rationality of antibiotics use. Conclusions: Less than 50% of the patients received irrational treatment according to the Gyssen flow chart and according to the results of statistical analysis, the type of antibiotic and the route of drug administration affected the rationality of antibiotics.
The Combination Effect of Ceftriaxone and Chloramphenicol on Staphylococcus aureus Isolate of Diabetic Gangrene: Efek Kombinasi Seftriakson dan Kloramfenikol pada Staphylococcus aureus Isolat dari Gangren Diabetik Purnomo, Yudi; Chandra, Pasha; Triliana, Rahma
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15819

Abstract

Background: Diabetic gangrene is a complication of Diabetes mellitus caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The combination of Ceftriaxone and Chloramphenicol is often used to cure gangrene infection, even though, they produce antagonist interaction based on theory. Objectives: To evaluate the potency of Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol and its combination on Staphylococcus aureus isolate of Diabetic gangrene. Material and Methods: The research was done by using disc diffusion methods with Muller Hinton media. Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol and its combination dose of 7,5 µg/ml, 15 µg/ml and 30 µg/ml, respectively were tested on Staphylococcus aureus culture taken form the diabetic gangrene patients. Antibacterial effect was observed by measuring inhibition zone on bacteria culture. Type of interaction was analyzed by Ameri-Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test (AZDAST) method. The results of study were tested statistically with One Way ANOVA (p=0.05) followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Results: The combination of Ceftriaxone and Chloramphenicol showed an antibacterial effect lower than Ceftriaxone. ß-lactam antibiotic like Ceftriaxone require the cell be growing and dividing in order to have a bactericidal action. Meanwhile, Chloramphenicol causes a slow growth of Staphylococcus aureus and impairs bactericidal effect of Ceftriaxone if they are combined. Conclusions: Ceftriaxone and Chloramphenicol combination has lower antibacterial effect than the single antibiotic groups on Staphylococcus aureus isolate of Gangrene diabetic and the type of interaction is antagonistic.
Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Pandan Tikar (Pandanus tectorius) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic White Male Rats: (Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandan Tikar (Pandanus tectorius) pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Aloksan) Tanggu Rame, Magi Melia; Mbulang, Yohana K. A.
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15674

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by the body's incapacity to use insulin or the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin. Pandan tikar, belong to Pandanaceae plants, has been known for its benefits. Chemical compounds in pandan tikar leaves showed that it has a lot of medicinal activities, one of them is to lower glucose blood level in diabetes mellitus. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanolic extract of pandan tikar (Pandanus tectorius) leaves as antidiabetic agent in white male rats induced by alloxan. Material and Methods: This study used a pretest-posttest design, with 25 Wistar white male rats. The rats were divided into five groups, each consisting of 5 rats. Group I, a positive control, was given glibenclamide with a dosage of 0.45 mg/kg BW. For the negative control, Group II, Na-CMC 1% was used. The test groups were Group III, IV, and V, and each received an ethanolic extract of pandan tikar leaves with various dosages of 125, 250, and 375 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. The rats were conditioned in diabetic stage by using alloxan 150 mg/kg bw as an inducer, given intraperitoneally, then each rats treated accordingly to their own group for 14 days. The determination of blood glucose level was done enzymatically by using glucometer. Result: The result showed that ethanolic extract of pandan tikar leaves able to lower the glucose blood level and not significantly different from glibenclamide. The most optimal dose of pandan tikar leaves ethanolic extract was 375 mg/kg bw, with the decreasing percentage was 56.72%. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of pandan tikar leaves has antihyperglicemic ability on alloxan-induced diabetic white male rats.
Ethanol Extract of Miana Leaf (Coleus atropurpureus Benth) As Analgetic Antiinflamation in Rats (Rattus novergicus): Ekstrak Etanol Daun Miana (Coleus atropurpureus Benth) sebagai Analgetik Antiinflamasi pada Tikus (Rattus novergicus) Sukmawati; Santi, Irma; Wati, Aulia; Aulya, Riska
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15678

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is a normal protective response to tissue injury caused by physical trauma, chemicals, or microbiological substances. The manifestation clinic of inflammation is pain. Miana leaves (Coleus atropurpureus Benth.) have chemical contents such as essential oils, phenols, flavonoids, and polyphenols. Flavonoids can protect lipid membranes from damage and inhibit cyclooxygenase, which is the first pathway for the synthesis of pain mediators such as prostaglandins. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ethanol extract of Miana leaves (Coleus atropurpureus Benth) (EEML) as analgesic and anti-inflammatory in rats (Rattus novergicus). Material and Methods: This study used The Pre-Posttest-Only Control Group Design, twenty male rats were divided into 5 groups namely negative control, positive control was given diclofenac sodium, treatment with EEML dose of 150 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 600 mg/kgBW. Test of Antiinflammatory uses the Rat Hind Paw Edema method where the condition of inflammation in rats is induced with 5% egg white by subplantar. The measurement of edema in rat feet used a caliper every 30 minutes for 5 hours. While The measurement of analgesic testing used the method of nociception test which evaluates pain responses such as Staggering Gait, Vocalization, and Writhing. Results: The results of the measurement of the inflammatory parameters were analyzed with the One Way Anova test for the width of edema foot and Kruskal Walis for the thickness of edema foot. While the results of observing the pain response were analyzed with the Kruskal Walis test. Conclusions: This study concluded that the ethanol extract of Miana leaves has anti-inflammatory analgesic especially at a dose of 600 mg/kg BW which results are non-significant (p> 0.05) with a positive control group (sodium diclofenac).
Review: Medication Error in Prescribing and Dispensing Phases on Outpatient: Review: Medication error dalam fase peresepan dan dispensing pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Anwar, Ismail; Sinala, Santi; Nurisyah, Nurisyah; Adhayanti, Ida; Dewi, Sisilia Teresia Rosmala
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15800

Abstract

Background: A medication error is defined as "any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the healthcare professional, patient, or consumer." A medication error might occur at any point during the medication-use process, such as when prescribing the medicines, during dispensing, and when the drug is taken by the patient. Objectives: This review focusing on the types of medication errors (MEs) which commonly occurs during prescribing and dispensing phase on the outpatient in Indonesia. Material and Methods: Articles related to MEs during prescribing and dispensing phase were collected from DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) and google scholar. The articles were reviewed and analyze to draw conclusions about the common type of MEs mostly occured on the outpatients. There were 10 articles (2003-2020) that have been reviewed, covering the types of MEs, MEs incidents and how to reduce the number of MEs incident. Results: Based on the reviewed articles, MEs commonly occured in the prescribing phase were incomplete data of patient's on the prescription include address, born date, weight and gender; unclear information on the prescription including, dosage, route of adminstration, illegible writing; uncomplete data on the doctor's information such as the practise license number wasn't listed, and there were no information on medicine interactions. MEs occured during dispensing phase were uncomplete data on the information about how to use, time of using, indication, the amount of the drug given, the side effects, the storage instruction, the strength or the doses of medicine, error in writing etiquette, error in compounding as well as there was no information related what to do if the patient forgot to take the medicines.
Profile and Clinical Character of COVID-19 Patients at Zahirah Hospital, South Jakarta: Profil dan Karakter Klinis Pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Zahirah, Jakarta Selatan Nur Hasanah; Lela Kania Rahsa Puji; Nurwulan Adi Ismaya; Vini Irnia; Fenita Puranamasari Indah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15823

Abstract

Background: The rapid spread of COVID-19 makes people anxious and afraid of this outbreak. The government has implemented policies to prevent the spread of the corona virus. One of the implementations is Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This condition causes a considerable impact on several sectors, especially health, economy and education. Objectivity: this study was to determine the characteristics of COVID-19 patients receiving treatment at Zahirah General Hospital. Material and methode: Methode of the research is observational with a cross sectional design with a total sample of 328. Result: The results showed that the most cases of COVID-19 occurred at the age Late seniors (43%), male sex as much as 52%, experiencing fever (97%), the most comorbid disease was diabetes as much as 56%, treatment carried out by giving antivirals+supplements (79%), all patients were given supplements in the form of: Acetylcysteine, Vitamin C, B-complex, Zinc, Vitamin D. Avigan/ favipiravir was the most widely used antiviral (42%), the length of time the patient was treated for 14-21 days (41%), All COVID-19 patients with comorbidities show lymphocyte levels that are lower than normal limits. Conclusion: Late seniors, men are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection, diabetes is the comorbid disease that causes death and the most severe COVID-19 symptoms, and all COVID-19 patients with comorbidities have lower lymphocyte levels
The Effect of Kersen (Muntingia calabura) Fruit Extract Addition to The Yogurt Antibacterial Activity on Escherichia coli: Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Buah Kersen (Muntingia calabura) Terhadap Aktivitas Antibakteri Yogurt Terhadap Escherichia coli Annisa Krisridwany; Putri Ayu Lestari; Aji Winanta; Sabtanti Harimurti; Vella Lailli Damarwati
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023): (March 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i1.15799

Abstract

Background: Yogurt, completed with lactic acid bacteria, can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. The flavonoids, tannin, and saponin of the Muntingia calabura L. plant showed antibacterial activity. Objectives: The present study aims to observe the effect of the addition of Muntingia calabura L. fruit extract to yogurt on the activity of Escherichia coli. Material and Methods: The study was an experimental study with the treatment of addition of Muntingia fruit extract infusion with various concentrations (12.5 %, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% with three times replications) to the cow-milk-based yogurt. The staining reagents were used for the phytochemical screening. The mixed muntingia yogurt (MMY) was then centrifuged to obtain supernatant. The antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method by observing the diameter of the inhibition zone. Plain yogurt was used for the negative control and Cefotaxime for the positive control. Results: In Muntingia fruit extract, flavonoids, tannin, steroid, phenol, and saponin have been observed. The MMY showed antibacterial activity toward E. coli as indicated by the various diameter of inhibition zones of 5.03± 2.66 mm, 4.95± 0.39 mm, 5.68± 0.84 mm, 8.02± 1.45 mm, and 15.73± 1.60 mm for the Muntingia addition concentration of 12.5 %, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, respectively. The diameter of the inhibition zone of negative control was 3.95 mm, while positive control was 45.60 mm. Conclusions: The addition of Muntingia calabura L. fruits extracts to yogurt at concentrations of 75% and 100% could inhibit the growth of E. coli bacteria as categorized for medium and strong inhibitory, respectively.
Toxicity of Cisplatin and Herbal Medicine Complexed with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and Folic Acid Nanoparticles as Anticancer Candidates: Perbandingan Uji Toksisitas Obat Cisplatin dan Obat Herbal Kombinasi Nanopartikel Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) dan Asam Folat Sebagai Kandidat Antikanker Ersalina Nidianti; Rizka Amalia; Nisrina Salsabila Firdaus
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15838

Abstract

The prevalence of cancer in Indonesia has increased by 8.8 percent in the last two years (2018 and 2020) in terms of adding new cases and mortality. Because of therefor cancer treatment becomes important in reducing the high number of additional new cases and mortality due to cancer patients. Intensive cancer treatment is by surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy drugs used for cancer treatment include herbal plant-based cancer drugs (Cancer Fit) and cisplatin its buy from online shop. This study aims to compare the toxicity of herbal drugs (Cancer fit) with cisplatin, a combination of BSA nanoparticles and folic acid as anticancer candidates. The research method is through the synthesis of nanoparticles with the desolvation method, then characterization is carried out using XRD and FT-IR tests. After that proceed to the toxicity test with the BSLT method. The results obtained from XRD analysis on BSA and folic acid nanoparticles from cisplatin (As-NP-BSA-CP) showed a peak of 34.45 while BSA and folic acid nanoparticles from herbal medicine (As-NP-BSA-Oh) obtained a peak of 22.77. The purpose of XRD analysis was to determine the crystalline characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles and to analyze the crystalline index. FT-IR analysis on (As-NP-BSA-CP) showed that there are functional groups O-H alcohol, C-H, C-C, NO2 that play a role in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Meanwhile, (As-NP-BSA-Oh) showed that the functional groups were C-H alkene, C-O alcohol, and C-N amine/amide. The toxicity level of As-NP-BSA-CP LC50 is 69.14 ppm while the toxicity level of As-NP-BSA-Oh LC50 is 44.14 ppm. Nanoparticles consisting of a combination of bovine serum albumin (BSA), folic acid and cisplatin drugs or herbal drugs can be used as candidates for anticancer drugs.
Pharmacokinetic Profile and Antihyperlipidemic Effectiveness of Nanoemulsion and Ethanol Extract of Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata) Leaves: Profil Farmakokinetik dan Efektifitas Antihiperlipidemia Sediaan Nanoemulsi dan Ekstrak Etanol dari Daun Parang Romang (Boehmeria virgata) Magfirah Magfirah
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): (October 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i2.15842

Abstract

Background: Parang romang (Boehmeria virgata) has an antihyperlipidemic effect, but the use of herbs commonly has limitations with poor solubility in water, causing failure in the clinical phase due to low bioavailability. Bioavailability can be increased by nanotechnologies, one of them is nanoemulsion. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic profile and effectiveness of antihyperlipidemic activity of nanoemulsion preparation and ethanol extract of parang romang leaves. Methods: Pharmacokinetic study was done with 10 rats that each given 100 mg/kg BW of nanoemulsion and ethanol extract from parang romang leaves. The blood was taken at 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; 3.5; 4 hours to measure tmax, Cpmax, and AUC. Study of antihyperlipidemic was done with 30 rats divided into 5 groups with normal control group I given Na CMC suspension, group II negative control given high fat feed + streptozotocin, group III positive control given high fat feed + streptozotocin and simvastatin 0.9 mg/ kg BW, group IV given high fat feed + streptozotocin + ethanol extract of parang romang leaves 100 mg/kg BW and group V given high fat feed + streptozotocin + nanoemulsion of ethanol extract of parang romang 100 mg/kg BW. The blood was then taken on day 0,14,21, 28 and 35. Results: The results of the pharmacokinetic profile test showed that the values ​​of tmax, Cpmax, and AUC for nanoemulsions and extract were respectively; 0.5 hours, 96.68 g/ml and 297.57 and 1-hour, 15.44 g/ml and 93.53. The statistical results obtained a significant value (P < 0,05) which showed a significant effect between nanoemulsion and ethanol extract of parang romang to reduce cholesterol levels Conclusions: There are differences in pharmacokinetic profile and antihyperlipidemic effectiveness between nanoemulsion preparations and ethanol extracts from parang romang leaves.

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