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Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)
Published by Universitas Tadulako
ISSN : 24427284     EISSN : 24428744     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (E-ISSN: 2442-8744) (p-ISSN: 2442-7284), is an open access journal (print and e-journal) focusing on the scientific works in the field of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. The articles of this journal are published every six months, that is March and October (2 issues per year). This journal is developed by Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Tadulako University and has been identified in Crossref with the DOI Number : 10.22487/j24428744. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) has been accredited by Kemenristekdikti as Sinta 3 starting from Volume 5 No 1 2019.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 247 Documents
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Nefroprotective Effect of Gynura procumbens Extract Against Paracetamol Toxicity in Rats Ishak, Pertiwi; Kabo, Peter; Yusrini Djabir, Yulia
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): (October 2021)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i2.15584

Abstract

ABSTRACT Excessive doses of paracetamol have the potential to cause acute kidney injury and even death. Gynura procumbens has been traditionally used as folk-medicine for kidney disease. This study aimed to examine the nephroprotective effect of Gynura procumbens leaf extract against paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Twenty-five male wistar rats (150-200 g) were divided into 5 groups. Healthy control group, placebo group, and 3 extract treatment groups that received either 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg dose. The placebo (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) or extract was given 4 consecutive days prior to paracetamol (2400 mg/kg) administration on day 5. Blood samples were withdrawn before treatment initiated (day 0), after treatment before paracetamol administration (day 5) and 24-hour after paracetamol administration (day 6). Blood samples were analyzed to obtain urea and creatinine levels. In addition, histopathological analysis was performed on the renal tissue. Paracetamol administration was shown to significantly increase the urea and creatinine levels, and the extract at 300 mg/kg dose was able to significantly prevent the elevation of the renal biomarkers. The histopathological analysis also revealed a significant reduction in renal histopathological injury in 300 mg/kg extract group. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of the Gynura procumbens at a dose of 300 mg/kg has a good protective effect on kidney function and tissue structure. Key words: Gynura procumbens, nephroprotective, paracetamol
In Vitro Evaluation of Cholesterol-Reducing Ability of Chitosan from Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) Shell Solid Dispersion using PVP K-30 as a Carrier: Uji In Vitro Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Sistem Dispersi Padat Kitosan dari Cangkang Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata) Menggunakan PVP K-30 Sebagai Pembawa Imtihani, Hilya Nur; Permatasari, Silfiana Nisa; Prasetya, Rahmad Aji
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): (October 2021)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i2.15597

Abstract

Background: Chitosan is a compound that can be synthesized from nature which can reduce the total serum cholesterol levels between 5.8−42.6% and decrease LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) between 15.1-35.1%. One of the natural resources containing chitosan derivative compounds is the shell of mud crab. Chitosan is insoluble in water but soluble in acidic solutions such as acetic acid. With such chitosan solubility, it is necessary to increase the solubility by making a solid dispersion system so that drug absorption can be faster. Objectives: The aims of this study is to determine the potential of chitosan solid dispersion system for reducing cholesterol. Material and Methods: The reduction of cholesterol levels was carried out by in vitro tests using UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 405 nm with Lieberman-Burchad reagent. The positive control used was simvastatin. There are 4 formulas, namely SD1, PM1, SD2, and PM2. This solid dispersion system uses polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (PVP K-30) as carrier. Results: The characterization of chitosan has fulfilled all the characterization requirements that is organoleptic (shape and color) was creamy white, moisture content was 2.15%, ash content was 1.14%, ninhydrin test was positive purple, and deacetylation degree was 70.57%. The results of in vitro evaluation were obtained a dark green solution. The reducing percentage in cholesterol levels are SD1: 18.44%; PM1 : 18.11%; SD2 : 29.57%; and PM2 :12.01%. Simvastatin as a positive control has a percentage reduction in cholesterol levels of 30.07%. Conclusion: Chitosan has an activity as anticholesterol agent. SD2 (Solid Dispersion Chitosan: PVP K-30 = 1:2) has the higher percentage than other formulas for reducing cholesterol level comparable with the positive control.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Yellow Wood (Coscinium fenestratum) Fruits Peel from East Kalimantan: Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Kulit Buah Kayu Kuning (Coscinium fenestratum) Asal Kalimantan Timur Kustiawan, Paula Mariana; Arbainsyah, Arbainsyah; Setiawan, Irfan Muris
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): (October 2021)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i2.15640

Abstract

Background: Yellow wood (Coscinium fenestratum) is one of the typical forest plants of East Kalimantan. The hallmark of this plant is the roots, stems and the fruits pulp have a yellow color. There have been many studies on its use and potential in treating liver disease. However, there is limited research about the use of their fruits peel. Objectives: The purpose of this study was as an initial screening of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity from yellow wood (Coscinium fenestratum) fruits peel. Material and Methods: The yellow wood fruits peel was extracted using methanol solvent to obtain the MeOH extract of their fruits peel. The DPPH test was carried out to determined its antioxidant activity (25,50 and 100 ppm). The agar well difusion method was carried out to determined its antibacterial activity. Phytochemical tests are also carried out to determined the secondary metabolites of that fruits peel. Results: The results of the phytochemical test showed that the fruits peel contained alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, and tannins, but there were no terpenoids or steroids. The fruits peel has an antioxidant activity (58%) at 100 ppm concentration. While the antibacterial test showed strong inhibition at 100 ppm concentration on S. mutans, S. aureus, P. acne and E. coli bacteria. Conclusions: The fruits peel of the yellow wood has compounds that have strong antibacterial activity and medium antioxidant activity.
Correlation of Metered Dose Inhaler Use Technique and Asthma Control Level in Asthma Patients at a Hospital in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: Hubungan Ketepatan Penggunaan Metered Dose Inhaler dengan Tingkat Kontrol Asma pada Pasien Asma di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit di Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Widyastiwi, Widyastiwi; Nurilsyam, Tsania; Roseno, Mohammad; Farida Lhaksmiwati, Inne
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2021): (December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15643

Abstract

Background: Asthma is still a major health problem in global population, including Indonesia. Antiasthma drugs available in various dosage forms, including inhaler. However, several problems related to inhalation route were found due to its unique device form and spesific use technique. One of the major problems related to inhalation route is inappropriate use technique of inhaler device, which could lead to treatment failure. Therapy outcome can be measured through Asthma Control Test (ACT). Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate correlation between metered dose inhaler (MDI) use technique and asthma control level in patients. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in May - June 2021. Thirty patients who met inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Patients’ MDI use technique and asthma control level were evaluated using a valid and standardized questionnaire. Statistics analysis was performed to determine the correlation between MDI use technique and asthma control level. Results: This study showed that most of asthmatic patients were women in older age, with mild asthma severity for more than 10 years. The most prevalent medication used was Fenoterol HBr, followed by salbutamol, and salmeterol/fluticasone combination. Inappropriate MDI use was found in 70,0% patients, with major problem found in patients’ breathing technique before and during MDI use. Asthma control test was performed and showed that 90,0% of asthmatic patients involved in this study have an uncontrolled asthma. Statistical analysis using Pearson product-moment correlation test showed a positive correlation between proper use of MDI and asthma control level (r=0.425, p<0.05). Conclusions: Patient who properly use MDI may have a higher score in asthma control test, thus have a better control of asthma. This study emphasized pharmacist role as patient educator in ensuring appropriate inhaler use in order to achieve therapeutic goals.
Narrative Review: Implementation of Pharmaceutical Care in Hypertension in Indonesia: Tinjauan Naratif: Penerapan Asuhan Kefarmasian pada Hipertensi di Indonesia SImamora, Sarmalina; Akbar, Widyan Muchzadi; Mangunsong, Sonlimar
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2021): (December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15662

Abstract

Background: In the past, patient care was not a pharmacy orientation. Several developed countries have applied pharmaceutical care in the treatment of hypertension for years. However, it is still there. In Indonesia, the government issued guidelines for the care of hypertension medications for the first time in 2006. The stages are that pharmacists carry out assessments, prepare pharmaceutical service plans, then implement and monitoring. This study aims to examine the application of pharmaceutical care in hypertension in various articles published in Indonesia. Methods: This research is non-experimental research with a narrative review design. Articles were selected using the keywords pharmaceutical care, pharmacy care, pharmaceutical care and hypertension. Articles in national journals. The number of articles reviewed was 13 articles from 2014 to 2019. Results: The application of pharmaceutical care in hypertension in Indonesia has been carried out by pharmacists, especially in hospitals. The implementation stages are more focused on implementation and monitoring. Only 15% carried out the plan, and almost no carried out the assessment. Conclusion: The application of pharmacy in hypertension has not fully complied with the guidelines. Pharmacists have not assessed when they will start pharmaceutical care. Intervention is carried out with various models, such as leaflets, short messages sent and counselling. Results were monitored on the patient's knowledge, compliance and blood pressure. The result is an improvement, although some are not.
Antioxidant Screening and Sunscreen Activity of Nanocream of Purified Extract of Kenikir Leaves (ETDK) and Tampoi Fruit Peel Extract (EKBT): Skrining Antioksidan dan Aktivitas Tabirsurya Nanokrim Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Daun Kenikir (ETDK) dan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Tampoi (EKBT) Rahman, Ika Ristia; Kartikasari, Dian; Kurnianto, Erwan; Herdaningsih, Sulastri
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2021): (December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15663

Abstract

Background: UV lights are free radicals that can cause damage to the skin, such as redness, burning, pigmentation, and even cancer. Kenikir leaf purified extract (ETDK) and Tampoi fruit peel extract (EKBT) contain flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds can be antioxidants and sunscreens due to the presence of chromophore groups that can absorb UV rays to reduce exposure to the skin. Objectives: This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and the ability of sunscreen nano cream Purified extract of Kenikir leaves and Tampoi fruit peel extract. Material and metode: Nanocream is made with 3 ETDTK-EKBT combination formulas, II ETDK formulas, III EKBT formulas. The antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method and the sunscreen activity test using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method to calculate the SPF value of the preparation (Mansur's method). Result: The results showed that the nano cream formula had a strong antioxidant activity with the per cent inhibition of formula I 78.28%, formula II 68.49%, and formula III 73.00%. The activity test results as a sunscreen formulation of purified extract nano cream from Kenikir leaves and nano cream from Tampoi fruit peel extract had extra protection ability with a sun-protecting factor value of 7 while the nano cream formula combined extract with an SPF value of 10 gave the maximum protection category. Conclusion: nano cream have potential as antioxidants and sunscreens.
Mangrove (Rhizophora sp.) Fruit Extract Inhibits Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-β1 Expression in High Cholesterol Diet-Fed Rats: Ekstrak Buah Bakau (Rhizophora sp.) Menghambat Ekspresi Tumor Growth Factor(TGF)-β1 pada Tikus yang Mendapat Diet Tinggi Kolesterol Hamidy, Muhammad Yulis; Masdar, Huriatul; Winarto, Winarto
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2021): (December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15667

Abstract

Background: Atherosclerosis is a major finding in cardiovascular disease. One of the pro-fibrotic cytokines that play an important role in the atherosclerosis process is Tumor Growth Factor (TGF)-β1, where the presence of high TGF-β1 secretion due to hypercholesterolemia will trigger excessive collagen matrix formation. Objective: To analyze Rhizophora sp fruit extract effect on TGF-β1 expression in high cholesterol diet-fed rats. Material and Methods: Eighteen 10-week-old rats weighing 150-200 g were used in this study. These animals were grouped into 3 groups, each consisting of 6 rats. Group A (normal control) is a group of rats that received a normal diet. Group B (atherogenic control) received a diet that induces atherosclerosis (atherogenic diet). This diet contains 2% cholesterol, 5% goat fat, 0.2% cholic acid and standard diet up to 100%. Atherogenic diet was given for 3 days, and on the first day this group also received vitamin D3 700,000 IU/kg. Group C (treated), apart from receiving an atherogenic diet, was also given Rhizophora sp fruit extract 500 mg/kg body weight. The Rhizophora sp fruit extract effect on TGF-β1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical procedure. The area of ​​the expression is calculated using the ImageJ. Results: The results of this study indicate that the expression of TGF-β1 is higher in the group receiving the atherogenic diet than the normal control group (17.3 vs. 8.9; P=0.000). Rhizophora sp fruit extract reduced this expression remarkably (17.3 vs. 11.4; P=0.001). Conclusion: Rhizophora sp fruit extract inhibits the the expression of TGF-β1 in high cholesterol diet-fed rats.
Comparison of the Number of Bacterial Colonies Before and After Using Hand Sanitizer From Acacia Nilotica Leaf Extract : Perbandingan Jumlah Koloni Bakteri Sebelum Dan Sesudah Menggunakan Hand Sanitizer Dari Ekstrak Daun Acacia nilotica L. Jannah, Syarifah Miftahul El; Zuraida, Zuraida; Yulfianna, Desy; Aditia, Erie
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2021): (December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15670

Abstract

Background: Using hand sanitizers was an act of necessity during the Covid-19 pandemic. With this action, it is expected to control the number of bacterial colonies on the palms of the hands. One of the herbal ingredients that can inhibit the growth of germs is Acacia nilotica L-leaf extract so that it can be used as an active ingredient in hand sanitizer. Objective: To determine the number of bacterial colonies before and after using a hand sanitizer with the active ingredient of acacia leaf extract. Materials and Methods: The study used random sampling analysis before and after treatment. Acacia nilotica leaf ethanol extract formula 10%, 20% and 30%. Each concentration was used by 11 men and 11 women as a hand sanitizer with movements according to WHO standards and left for 30 seconds. Check the count of germs on hands before and after using hand sanitizer. Results: The highest decrease in the number of bacterial colonies was found at a concentration of 30% reaching 64.84% in men and 89.61% in women. There were differences in the ability to decrease the number of bacterial colonies from each concentration (P 0.003 < 0.005). Conclusion: Acacia nilotica L leaf extract can be a candidate for active hand sanitizer ingredients.
Correlation Between the Number of Drugs Prescribed and Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIMS) Based on Beers Criteria in Geriatric Hypertension Outpatients at Dr. Soedomo Hospital in Trenggalek: Hubungan Jumlah Obat terhadap Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIMS) Berdasarkan Beers Criteria pada Pasien Hipertensi Geriatri Rawat Jalan Rsud Dr. Soedomo Trenggalek Widyaningrum, Esti Ambar; PDW, Kumala Sari; Astuti, Lelly Winduhani; Suhartatik, Sri; Rimawati, Rimawati; Sari, Eka Kartika
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2021): (December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2021.v7.i3.15671

Abstract

Background: Geriatric patients are elderly people who have various diseases and or problems as a result of diminished organ, psychological, social, economic, and environmental functioning and who require integrated health treatments from a multidisciplinary team. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to complications such as stroke, CHD, and kidney failure. The more incidence of complications, causing the geriatrics to get more drugs (polypharmacy). Polypharmacy is one of the risk factors for the occurrence of Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIMs) that often occurs in geriatric patients. The 2019 Beers Criteria is one of the clear criteria that can be used to determine the prevalence of PIMs in geriatric individuals. Objectives: The objective of this study was to see if there was a correlation between the number of drugs administered to hypertensive geriatric outpatients at Dr. Soedomo General Hospital in Trenggalek and the incidence of PIMs. This study employed an observational study with an analytical approach and retrospective. This study included a sample of 85 prescriptions for outpatient geriatric hypertension outpatient at Dr. Soedomo General Hospital in the period October - December 2020 taken using the purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the C contingency coefficient correlation test. Results: 67,1% of prescriptions contained ≥ 5 kinds of drugs and 32,9% of prescriptions contained < 5 kinds of drugs. Based on the incidence of PIMs, there were 97.6% of prescriptions for PIMs and 2.4% of prescriptions without PIMs. The C contingency coefficient correlation test shows the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.216 with a positive direction and p-value = 0.041. Conclusions: The number of drugs has a significant correlation and can cause the incidence of PIMs in geriatric patients with weak correlation strength. Collaboration between pharmacists and doctors is needed to provide the best therapy to patients, to maximize the role of pharmacists in monitoring drug use in geriatric patients at Dr. Soedomo Hospital in Trenggalek.
Effect of Metformin Therapy on Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Undata Hospital in Palu City Central Sulawesi: Efek Terapi Metformin terhadap Level Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 pada RS Undata di Kota Palu Sulawesi Tengah Mukaddas, Alwiyah; Rumi, Amelia; Yulianti, Tri
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): (March 2022)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2022.v8.i1.15596

Abstract

Background: Metformin, which can control blood glucose levels, can reduce LDL levels in type 2 DM patients. Objectives: To determine the mean value of pre and post LDL in type 2 DM patients after receiving metformin therapy for three months. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study with a prospective approach, It was done by conducting pre and post examination of LDL levels using metformin. This study was analyzed using the SPSS Wilcoxon statistical test. The total sample that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 18 respondents. Results: This study used a single metformin value (sig = 0.000 <0.05) with a baseline mean value of 148.22 mg / dL and an evaluation of 133.56 mg / dL where the difference in reduction was 14.66 mg / dL. Conclusion: There was a decrease in LDL levels in type 2 DM patients after using metformin for three months.

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