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INDONESIA
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)
Published by Cell and Biopharmaceutical Institute
ISSN : 25274384     EISSN : 25273442     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) has been published by Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute (CBPI), a biannually published scientific journal, is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that supports all topics in Biology, Pathology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Histology and Biomedicine in the aspect of molecular and cellular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 2 (2024)" : 7 Documents clear
Andrographis paniculata Ethanolic Extract Improved Doxorubicin-induced Cardiac Inflammation, Alterations in Liver Function Parameters and Anemia Eziefule, Oluebube Magnificient; Arozal, Wawaimuli; Wanandi, Septelia Inawati; Louisa, Melva; Wuyung, Puspita Eka; Dewi, Syarifah; Nafrialdi, Nafrialdi; Dewi, Yulia Ratna; Nabillah, Deya Adiby
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.444

Abstract

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX), an efficacious chemotherapy drug is compromised by cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and hepatotoxicity. Due to the limited success of current treatments for DOX toxicity, there is a pressing need to explore alternative medical interventions, particularly from plant sources. This study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effect of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata leaves (EEAP) against DOX-induced cardiac inflammation, liver toxicity, and anemia.Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with DOX at a total dose of 16 mg/kgBW. EEAP was administered orally for 4 weeks at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kgBW/day according to the assigned treatment groups. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) in the heart tissue, along with the concentrations of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) and calcium level were examined. Additionally, the hematological parameters (including hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells (RBCs)), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in blood were also analyzed.Results: EEAP dose-dependently decreased the mRNA expressions of IL-1β (p<0.05), tended to decrease mRNA expression of NLRP3 and the concentrations of NFκB and calcium in heart tissue compared with the DOX-only group. Additionally, EEAP dose-dependently decreased ALP values (p<0.0001) and tended to improve hematological parameters, as well as AST and MDA levels in serum.Conclusion: This extract may prevent DOX-induced cardiac inflammation, anemia, and hepatotoxicity. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings, including the efficacy profile of the extract in cancer rats treated with DOX.Keywords: doxorubicin, Andrographis paniculata, inflammation, anemia, hepatotoxicity, herbal medicine
Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Hypocalcemia in Preterm Infants Nabiel, Nabiel; Nugroho, Hari Wahyu; Moelyo, Annang Giri
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.473

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency results in various problems, like rickets, osteomalacia, heart problems, cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Hypocalcemia is a common disorder among preterm infants, indicating vitamin D deficiency. This study was conducted to analyze the association of vitamin D deficiency with hypocalcemia in preterm infants.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in preterm infants born in our hospital from December 2022 to May 2023. Venous blood was collected within the first 24 hours to assess vitamin D and calcium levels. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the association of gestational age, sex, birth weight, and vitamin D with the incidence of hypocalcemia. The significance was determined with p<0.05.Results: There were 40 preterm newborns, comprising 37.5% moderately preterm, 20% very preterm, and 42.5% extremely preterm. Most subjects were female (52.5%). Low birth weight, very low birth weight, and extremely low birth weight occurred in 55%, 27.5%, and 17.5%, respectively. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were observed in 20% and 80% subjects, respectively. Most subjects had hypocalcemia (62.5%). Chi-square test obtained a significant association of vitamin D deficiency with hypocalcemia (p=0.029).Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with the incidence of hypocalcemia in preterm infants.Keywords: Vitamin D, hypocalcemia, preterm neonates
The Prospect of Probiotics to Treat Metabolic Syndrome Ramadhan, Andika Yusuf; Rosdiana, Dewi Selvina
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.425

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome remains as a major health problem in the world today, with a prevalence of 23.4% in people aged 26-82 years. A high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet and lack of physical activity are considered as one of the triggers for metabolic syndrome. Dysbiosis is a condition where there is an imbalance between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria in the human gut. Currently, an association has been found between dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome. Dysbiosis causes the generation of fermentation products in the form of active metabolites that can modulate hormones and other physiological functions. In metabolic syndrome, low-grade inflammation, energy metabolism, and disruption of the gut brain axis are thought to be the main mechanisms of the development of metabolic syndrome due to dysbiosis. Probiotics may be a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of metabolic syndrome, by improving dysbiosis to eubiosis. Based on previously conducted clinical trials, it is currently known that probiotics can improve lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and body mass index (BMI). However, the results found are still varied, so a dose ranging study is needed to determine the duration, bacterial composition and dose of probiotics as a therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome. Keywords: insulin resistance, dysbiosis, gut-brain axis
Virtual Screening of Indonesian Herbal Compounds with Neuraminidase Inhibitor Activity against N2 Influenza Virus Protein: An in silico Study Nurjanah, Diana; Fadilah, Fadilah; Dharmayanti, Ni Luh Putu Indi
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.468

Abstract

Background: Neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) is one of anti-influenza drugs recommended for use by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, after treatment with NAI drugs in human, resistance to influenza antiviral drugs is begun to rise. Therefore, identification of compounds from Indonesian herbal plants as natural inhibitors of the influenza virus neuraminidase protein needs to be conducted for the development of new anti-influenza drugs.Materials and methods: The crystal structure of the neuraminidase protein complex used in this study was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Structure-based pharmacophore modeling was performed using LigandScout version 4.4.5 software. Indonesian herbal plant compounds were collected from the HerbalDB database. Protein and ligand processing was carried out using Autodock 4.2 software. The 3D interaction visualization was carried out with Autodock software, while 2D interaction visualization was carried out with LigPlot software. To determine the toxicity and drug-likeliness of the ligand, the test ligands that had the best docking results were predicted using SwissADME and AdmetSAR.Results: From the virtual screening results, 24 hits were found, and five compounds had the best binding energy among the 24 tested compounds, these were pollenitin (ΔG=-7.22 kcal/mol), OPC-4:0 (ΔG=-7.11 kcal/mol), 6-hydroxykaempferol (ΔG=-7.08 kcal/mol), 5,8-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (ΔG=-7.07 kcal/mol), and 3,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone (ΔG=-6.95 kcal/mol). The best five compounds were then chosen for further analysis.Conclusion: OPC-4:0 is found to be the best compound for the NAI based on its binding energy, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and drug-likeliness. Thus, OPC-4:0 might be a potential candidate as a NAI of HxN2 virus. Keywords: influenza, molecular docking, neuraminidase, resistance, virtual screening
ACE I/D and A2350G Polymorphisms are Correlated with Body Mass Index, but Not with Body Weight and Essential Hypertension: Study in Javanese Postmenopausal Women Utami, Sri Lestari; Simamora, Dorta; Idawati, Ira; Widjaja, Jimmy Hadi
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.426

Abstract

Background: Genetics was one of the risk factors for essential hypertension (EH). Research on ACE I/D and A2350G polymorphisms associated with risk factors for hypertension in Indonesia has never been done. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the genotype and alleles of this gene with EH, body weight, and body mass index (BMI) in Javanese postmenopausal women.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study involved 69 postmenopausal Javanese women according to several criteria related with hypertension risk factors. The data were obtained from the measurement and questionnaire results, along with Towards Health Card Records. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping method used was the restriction fragment length polymorphism and allele-specific.Results: The prevalence of hypertension, prehypertension, and normotension in Javanese postmenopausal women were 0.246, 0.13, and 0.623, respectively. The frequency of BMI classification as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese were 0.029, 0.42, 0.261, and 0.29, respectively. The ACE I/D and A2350G polymorphism variant genotypes and frequencies found were II (0.464), ID (0.522), DD (0.014), and AA (1). Meanwhile, the alleles and their frequencies at ACE I/D gene polymorphism were I (0.725) and D (0.275). The II and ID genotype was mostly found in normotension subjects. The DD genotype was only available in hypertension subjects. There was no association between genotypes and alleles of ACE I/D, hypertension, body weight, and BMI classification (p>0.05). There was an association between these genotypes, alleles, and BMI (p<0.05).Conclusion: ACE I/D polymorphism is susceptible for BMI in Javanese postmenopausal women.Keywords: Javanese postmenopausal, essential hypertension, ACE I/D, ACE A2350G
Evasion of the Immune System by Glioblastoma Multiforme: An Obstacle to Achieving Effective Therapies Kawengian, Kevin Johanes; Wanandi, Septelia Inawati
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.434

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive and malignant form of brain cancer, continues to pose a significant challenge in the field of oncology. Despite ongoing advancements in treatment strategies, the prognosis for GBM patients remains grim, with a 5-year survival rate hovering around 5%. The management of GBM involves multiple therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy, but optimal treatment outcomes in terms of overcoming tumor recurrence and resistance have not been achieved. A key factor contributing to therapy resistance and the progression of GBM is the tumor's ability to evade the immune system, referred to as immune escape from cancer. This phenomenon reflects the tumor cells' efforts to adapt and survive the body's immune response. The release and expression of molecules like TGF-ß, IL-10, PD-L1, and NKG2DL by GBM cells impact the activation, recognition, and elimination of tumor cells by the immune system. Additionally, the involvement of cells such as MDSCs, Tregs, and TAMs plays a role in inhibiting the immune system's function, thereby promoting the development of GBM cells. A better comprehension of GBM's immune escape, supported by technological advances, will significantly aid in the future management of GBM patients' treatment.Keywords: glioblastoma multiforme, GBM, cancer immunity, immune evasion, immune escape, immunotherapy
Correlation between Yokohama Cytological Coding and Radiological Findings and Their Diagnostic Accuracies against Histopathology: A Retrospective Study of Palpable Breast Lesions Singh, Puja; Badlani, Bharti; Dehariya, Chanchalesh; Joher, Munira Murtaza
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.439

Abstract

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy and demands quick and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Precise diagnosis of breast lesions is made using a triple-test approach: clinical, radiological and cytological. However, multiple steps make the process time-consuming and expensive. In developing countries like India, trained and certified radiologists are extremely overburdened. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) along with clinical examination can fill the gap. This study aims to correlate cytological, radiological and histological findings and measure their relative accuracies. Based on these findings, a new approach will be proposed to address the above shortcomings.Materials and methods: The FNAC was performed on all cases and reported as per Yokohama cytology. The cytological findings were correlated & validated against radiological and histopathological findings respectively. Relative performance of cytological and radiological findings were established using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy. A chi-square test for independence between cytological and radiological findings was performed.Results: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy for cytological findings come out as 97.60, 90.08, 90.37, 97.52, and 93.75, respectively. Meanwhile, the Radiological findings come out as 96.61, 82.20, 84.44, 96.04, and 89.41, respectively. The chi-square test demonstrates strong interdependence between cytological and radiological findings.Conclusion: FNAC is more accurate, quicker, and cheaper than radiological tests. Hence, FNAC based on the Yokohama system, along with clinical observations, can be used as a primary diagnosis tool in developing countries with limited health resources without making significant compromises on incorrect treatment. If needed, radiology and histopathology can be used for precise diagnosis and treatment.Keywords: FNAC, cytology, breast lesions, Yokohama, radiology, histopathology

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