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INDONESIA
AGREGAT
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
ISSN : 25412884     EISSN : 25410318     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
AGREGAT is a journal of Department of Civil Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya. The journal will be published in every May and November yearly. The journal consists of result of research, literature review, and case reports created as realization of Tridharma college.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 257 Documents
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Analisis Komparatif Potensi Likuefaksi Menggunakan Metode Youd & Idriss dan Idriss & Boulanger Berdasarkan Data SPT M Naufal Ramadhan Naufal; Bagas Aryaseta; Karina Meilawati Eka Putri; Miguel Felix Wijaya
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31444

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with high levels of seismic activity because it lies at the junction of three major tectonic plates and along the Pacific Ring of Fire. These conditions make several regions, including the Special Region of Yogyakarta, vulnerable to earthquakes and their associated impacts, one of which is liquefaction. This study aims to analyze the potential for liquefaction in the Yogyakarta Toll Road Construction Project, Section 2, Package 2.1, Sleman, using the Youd & Idriss and Idriss & Boulanger methods based on Standard Penetration Test (SPT) data. The analysis was conducted at three borehole locations—BH-86, BH-89, and BH-93—selected because they have the highest groundwater levels, thereby representing the most critical conditions regarding the likelihood of liquefaction. Earthquake magnitude variations of 6, 6.3, and 7 were used in this study to evaluate the influence of magnitude on liquefaction potential at the study site. The analysis was conducted by calculating soil resistance parameters against liquefaction based on each method, then comparing the results for each borehole and earthquake magnitude variation. The analysis results indicate that an increase in earthquake magnitude leads to an increase in soil cyclic load and a decrease in the Safety Factor value, thereby increasing the potential for liquefaction. Soil layers located below the groundwater table exhibit higher vulnerability to liquefaction compared to those above it. A comparison of the results shows that both methods exhibit similar trends, namely that the potential for liquefaction increases as earthquake magnitude increases. However, the Idriss & Boulanger (2008) method generally yields lower Safety Factor values compared to the Youd & Idriss (2001) method, making it more conservative in evaluating liquefaction potential. Thus, this study demonstrates that variations in earthquake magnitude and differences in analytical methods influence the results of liquefaction potential evaluations at the study site.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Laju Penimbunan terhadap Deformasi Lateral Tanah Lunak pada Metode Preloading dengan PVD (Studi Kasus Jalan Tol Pekanbaru–Padang STA 10+400) Dini Oktavia; Dian Purnamawati Solin; Bagas Aryaseta
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31516

Abstract

Construction of embankments on soft soil often encounters stability issues due to low shear strength and high compressibility, particularly when the loading rate is not properly controlled. This study aims to analyze the effect of embankment loading rate on lateral deformation behavior of soft soil improved using preloading combined with Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD). The research is based on a case study of the Pekanbaru–Padang Toll Road STA 10+400. The methodology involves numerical analysis using the Finite Element Method (FEM), preceded by manual calculations to determine staged loading scenarios with target degrees of consolidation. Three loading rates were evaluated, namely 0,2; 0,3 and 0,4 m/week. The analysis focuses on settlement, safety factor, and lateral deformation. The results indicate that all loading rate variations produce similar final settlements (approximately 3,7 m) and meet the required degree of consolidation. However, significant differences are observed in lateral deformation and stability. Lower loading rates result in smaller lateral deformation and higher safety factors, indicating improved stability performance. Conversely, higher loading rates generate greater excess pore water pressure, leading to increased lateral deformation and reduced stability margins. It can be concluded that controlling the loading rate plays a critical role in minimizing lateral deformation and ensuring embankment stability on soft soil. A lower loading rate is more effective in providing sufficient time for consolidation and strength gain, thereby improving overall performance.
Perencanaan Ruang Gersang menjadi Taman Edukasi Dekarbonisasi dan Ruang Perokok Ramah Lingkungan di Universitas Annuqayah Aditya Dandy Firatama; Raihan Firdaus; Efendi Pratama Putra
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31529

Abstract

This study analyzed the determinants of ecological participation of the academic community and formulated the design of smart smoking area integrated decarbonization education Park as a carbon footprint mitigation strategy at Annuqayah University using an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach through a survey of 60 respondents and interviews with 10 informants. Pls-SEM analysis shows that all constructs are valid and reliable (AVE 0.579-0.655; CR > 0.70), with structural results indicating that the perception of carbon footprint has the most dominant effect on ecological participation (③=0.234; p < 0.000), followed by decarbonization awareness (③=0.173; p = 0.003), environmental comfort (③=0.121; p = 0.012), and visual perception of space (③=0.069; p < 0.000). Qualitative findings reveal three main issues, namely limited open space comfort, weak implementation of decarbonization, and ecological participation that is still potential, which confirms the dominance of cognitive factors compared to physical in encouraging ecological behavior. Based on these findings, educational parks based on carbon-absorbing vegetation and smart smoking areas were designed that process cigarette butts into natural pesticides as an ecological-educational intervention to improve thermal comfort, environmental literacy, and participation activation towards a contextual and replicative low carbon campus model.
Analisis Pengaruh Distribusi Hujan Rancangan Terhadap Karakteristik Genangan Pada Sistem Drainase Kalibokor, Kota Surabaya Aulia Putri Yelisa; Umboro Lasminto
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31645

Abstract

The Kalibokor drainage system in Surabaya is one of the areas frequently affected by inundation during the rainy season, owing to the limited capacity of its channels to accommodate surface runoff. This condition is further aggravated by the high rainfall intensity characteristic of urban areas, which increases runoff discharge and the potential for flooding. Variations in the temporal distribution of design rainfall can produce different hydrological responses within the drainage system, thereby potentially influencing inundation characteristics in terms of flooded area and inundation depth. This study aims to analyze the effect of rainfall distribution design on the inundation area and depth within the Kalibokor drainage system, Surabaya. The method employed is two-dimensional hydraulic modeling using HEC-RAS 2D with a rain-on-grid approach to spatially simulate overland flow and inundation. The model was calibrated against the existing inundation conditions before the simulation. Simulations were carried out using a rainfall design with a 10-year return period and six duration variations ranging from 1 to 6 h. The simulation results indicate that rainfall duration variation affects the inundation characteristics within the study area. The largest inundation area occurred at a rainfall duration of 1 h, covering approximately 6.113 km², while at a duration of 6 hours the inundation area decreased to approximately 5.592 km². The Inundation formed across all scenarios was predominantly characterized by depths of less than 0.10 m, accounting for more than 50% of the total inundation area. The results demonstrate that shorter rainfall durations tend to produce larger and deeper inundation extents, whereas increasing rainfall duration reduces both the inundation area and depth within the Kalibokor drainage system. These findings indicate that rainfall distribution has a significant influence on flood inundation response and should be considered consideration in the evaluation and planning of urban drainage systems to improve channel capacity in conveying stormwater runoff.
Analisis Sensitivitas dan Kalibrasi Model Hujan Debit 1D Menggunkan SWMM Dhimas Krisna Wardana; Yang Ratri Savitri; Anak Agung Ngurah Satria Damarnegara
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31659

Abstract

Rainfall-runoff modeling using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is a widely adopted approach for representing urban drainage systems. In urban drainage modeling with SWMM, the accuracy of simulation results is greatly influenced by the sensitivity of model parameters and the calibration process that aligns with actual field conditions. Therefore, parameter sensitivity analysis is necessary to identify the parameters that most significantly affect simulation outcomes, so that an optimal model parameter configuration can be obtained to accurately represent actual flood conditions. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the SWMM model in representing rainfall-runoff processes in urban drainage systems based on sensitivity analysis and parameter calibration. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on several hydrological parameters, namely the Curve Number (CN), Manning's N, and the percentage of impervious area. The sensitive parameters identified were then used in the model calibration and validation process. Validation was evaluated qualitatively by comparing simulation results with actual conditions observed in the drainage network. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicate that the parameter with the greatest influence on surface runoff is the Curve Number (CN) at 5.3%, followed by the overland flow Manning's N at 2.0%, while the remaining parameters showed negligible effects. Regarding infiltration, CN demonstrated a dominant influence of 88.9%. Furthermore, the parameters affecting channel discharge were the channel Manning's coefficient at 42.3%, followed by overland flow N at 5.1% and CN at 2.2%. The calibration results confirm that the parameter configuration derived from the sensitivity analysis is capable of producing simulations that are consistent with actual field conditions.
MODEL HIDRODINAMIKA 1D-2D TERINTEGRASI UNTUK ANALISIS GENANGAN PADA SISTEM DRAINASE WONOREJO-RUNGKUT KOTA SURABAYA Irfan Adiputra Setiawan; Yang Ratri Savitri; Satria Damarnegara
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31673

Abstract

Urban flooding is one of the main problems in the city of Surabaya due to the increase in built-up areas and land use changes that affect the urban drainage system. Based on previous research using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, Wonorejo primary channel and Rungkut primary channel have the highest flood management priority scale in Surabaya city with values of 0.55 and 0.53, respectively. These conditions indicate the urgency of developing a model of the distribution of puddles in the drainage system Wonorejo-Rungkut. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and distribution of inundation using an integrated 1D – 2D hydrodynamic model in the drainage system Wonorejo – Rungkut with rain re-period of 10 years. Hydrological analysis was conducted using annual maximum rainfall data for the period 2010-2024. Furthermore, rainfall plan of study area is determined through frequency distribution analysis and thiessen polygon method. Modeling is done by integrating one-dimensional flow (1D) in the drainage channel and two-dimensional flow (2D) on the land surface using PCSWMM software. Before the calibration process, mesh sensitivity and model parameters are analyzed to obtain optimal and computationally efficient simulation configuration. The results showed that the mesh size of 15 × 15 m with sampling factor 3 was chosen as the optimal configuration. Manning Overland parameters have the greatest influence on the flow velocity and depth of the puddle, while the curve number (CN) has the most influence on the area and volume of the puddle. The calibration results of the model showed a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.43 cm and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 89.16%, so that the model is able to represent the puddle conditions well. The simulation results showed that inundation with a depth of more than 30 cm concentrated on the eastern side of the study area dominated by ponds, while residential areas dominated by inundation with a depth of less than 20 cm. Inundation in the settlement area is affected by the influence of backwater due to high water levels in the primary channel that causes the retention of flow in the secondary and tertiary channels
Pemodelan Hujan–Debit dan Genangan 2D untuk Analisis Banjir pada DAS Buntung, Kabupaten Sidoarjo Nur Izzah Elsa Nanda; Yang Ratri Savitri; Mahendra Andiek Maulana
AGREGAT Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/ag.v11i1.31715

Abstract

Flooding is the most frequent natural disaster in Indonesia, accounting for 55.07% of national disasters. Sidoarjo Regency, particularly Waru District, is highly vulnerable to flooding caused by the overflow of the Buntung River. Flood inundation in the area may persist for up to two days with water depths reaching 30–40 cm. Rapid development of residential, industrial, and transportation areas within the Buntung Watershed has reduced infiltration capacity, while high rainfall intensity, tidal fluctuations, and downstream channel constriction further aggravate flooding conditions. Therefore, the development of a flood inundation model is essential to support effective flood mitigation planning.This study aims to analyze flood characteristics and inundation distribution for selected return periods. Hydrological analysis was conducted using annual maximum rainfall data from 2013–2024. Areal rainfall was determined using the Thiessen Polygon method and frequency distribution analysis. Rainfall–runoff modeling was performed using HEC-HMS to estimate flood discharge, while 2D inundation modeling was carried out using HEC-RAS 2D. Sensitivity analyses of mesh size, computation interval, and model parameters were performed prior to calibration to obtain an optimal and computationally efficient configuration.The results show that a 30 m mesh size and a 10-second computation interval provide the optimal simulation configuration. The Manning parameter has the greatest influence on inundation extent and flood depth. Model calibration produced NSE values of 0,724 respectively, indicating good model performance. The simulation results show that the 10-year return period flood inundation is predominantly characterized by water depths of <10 cm, accounting for 26.32% of the inundated area, followed by depths of 10–20 cm (22.58%), 20–30 cm (17.38%), 30–50 cm (22.27%), and >50 cm (11.45%). The inundation with depths greater than 50 cm is predominantly distributed in the downstream area of the Buntung River, which is influenced by tidal conditions.

Page 26 of 26 | Total Record : 257

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