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Jurnal RISA
Published by Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
ISSN : 25488074     EISSN : -     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26593/risa
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Jurnal RISA aims to contribute to scientific research, practice, and education by publishing national and international studies. The scope of this journal includes the dissemination of research findings, ideas, and reviews in the following subject areas: 1. History, Theory, and Philosophy of Architecture; 2. Housing and Settlements; 3. Architecture and Urban Design; and 4. Building Management Technology.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Arsitektur
Articles 300 Documents
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KAJIAN HUBUNGAN ARSITEKTUR MAJAPAHIT DENGAN ARSITEKTUR KERATON SURAKARTA DAN YOGYAKARTA DITINJAU DARI TATANAN RUANG, WUJUD, ORNAMENTASI, DAN TEKTONIKA Stein, Ethan; Prajudi Herwindo, Rahadhian; Nirwan , Enrico
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9205.152-171

Abstract

Abstract - The Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms emerged in Indonesia due to trade relations with other countries such as India, China, and the Middle East. One of the largest Hindu-Buddhist kingdoms with a vast territory covering the Nusantara region was the Majapahit Kingdom. Centered in East Java, this kingdom had a significant influence on the development of architecture in Indonesia, especially in Java, which was the center of governance at that time. One of the factors that led to the downfall of the Majapahit Kingdom was the phenomenon of Islamization. This led to the rapid growth of Islamic kingdoms on the island of Java. One prominent Islamic kingdom during that period was the Mataram Sultanate. The palaces established during the Mataram Sultanate included Keraton Kutagede, Kerta, Plered, Kartasura, and Surakarta Hadiningrat. In 1755, the Mataram Sultanate split due to power struggles, resulting in the establishment of the Surakarta Hadiningrat Sunanate and the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Sultanate. As a result, the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace was built in 1755. This research employs a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research data was obtained from literature studies, field observations, and interviews with experts. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between Majapahit architecture and the palace buildings in Surakarta and Yogyakarta in terms of spatial order, form, ornamentation, and tectonics. Although the establishment of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces occurred long after the Majapahit Kingdom, it is expected that Majapahit architecture had an influence on the architecture of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces. However, it is possible that certain elements of Majapahit architecture have been lost over time due to cultural assimilation and adaptation to Islam. The analysis is conducted in a comparative manner and presented in the form of tables with accompanying explanations. From the comparative analysis, it is indeed evident that there are influence of Majapahit architecture on the palaces of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, which can be observed in terms of spatial order, form, ornamentation, and tectonics. The conclusion drawn from this research is that there is continuity and cultural acculturation between Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic cultures, which has influenced the design of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta palaces to this day. Keywords: Majapahit Architecture, Surakarta Palace, Yogyakarta Palace, Spatial Orders, Shapes, Ornamentation, Tectonics
ADHOCISM PADA PERBEDAAN KONSEP SAYEMBARA ARSITEKTUR DENGAN HASIL AKHIR BANGUNAN, STUDI KASUS PADA 3 SAYEMBARA TERBANGUN William Oscar Windoro, Chris; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9206.172-188

Abstract

Abstract - Not all design concepts from architectural competitions are in accordance with the final results of the buildings being built. In this context, the theory of adhocism becomes relevant as an approach to understanding the changes and improvisations that occur in the process after the competition is over. This study aims to identify improvisation or change based on the Adhocism teory. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive method on 3 research objects. Data was collected through interviews with winners, and analysis regarding differences in contest bids and final results. Of the 3 study objects discussed, the design realization shows a significant difference. The design change factor in the realization of the building is due to design personalization or differences in design preferences between the project owner and the jury. case, has a tendency to occur the principle of "Re-personalizing subsystem," and "High Adhocism". Changes to the design of the contest evoked responses for a simple reason (High Adhocism), namely because the project owner has different preferences or tastes from the jury (Re-personalizing subsystem). This shows that there is a dynamic that occurs after judging, where the project owner has the freedom to influence the final outcome based on personal preferences. Keywords: adhocism, architecture competition, built architecture competition
RELASI EKSPRESI MATERIAL TERHADAP PREFERENSI PENGUNJUNG DI ARAH KOPI SUKAJADI BANDUNG Farhan, Muhammad; Guawan, Yenny
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9207.189-205

Abstract

Abstract - Cafes have become popular places for many people to relax, work, or simply enjoy a cup of coffee. Visitors often have a tendency to choose spaces that suit their preferences and needs. One of the factors that influence visitors' decisions in choosing space in a café is the purpose of their visit or the atmosphere created in it which can affect visitor preferences. Arah Kopi Sukajadi Bandung has an architectural design that uses various materials in various spaces. This unique feature prompted research to investigate how the expression of these materials affects the perception and overall experience of visitors at the Arah Kopi Sukajadi Bandung café. The study also considered the tactile aspects of the materials used in the designated space. With the variety of spatial atmospheres created, uploading researchers to understand how material expression relates to visitor preferences in choosing a sitting area to use. It was concluded that basically the material that is very influential in creating a comfortable atmosphere in a café consists of natural materials, such as wood, rocks, to the surface of grass and water. This surface tends to be chosen because it has a perception that reminds humans of the natural environment and creates a calm, cool, and cool perception. In addition, material expression has a relationship with visitor preferences in choosing a sitting area to use during their activities in the Sukajadi Coffee Direction because material expression is one of the important factors in creating a comfortable atmosphere in a space in a café and is something that humans are able to feel directly which is influenced by visual and tactile sensory stimuli to create good perception. Keywords: material expression, perception, sensory system, atmosphere of space, café
PERPADUAN ARSITEKTUR ART DECO DAN INTERNATIONAL STYLE PADA BANGUNAN GAIA HOTEL BANDUNG DAN PADMA HOTEL Grasilla Hartono, Bianca; Prijotomo, Josef
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 9 No 02 (2025): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v9i02.9208.206-224

Abstract

Abstract - Modernization gradually leads to the development of modern architecture, leaving local architecture behind. Consequently, modern architecture begins to overshadow the existence of Indonesian local architecture. Thus, there’s an urgent need for a fusion of the local and modern elements in architecture.Notably, through observation, the distinctive Art Deco context is a strong character in Bandung. Moreover, Bandung is ranked 9th in the City Of Art Deco in The World. During the modern architecture era, international style was developed as one of the architectural styles. This style has been appreciated and favored by the public up to this day because it is considered to follow the development of the industry and technology while remaining functional. This research method is descriptive qualitative and analytical methods. The first step is to identify the building designs, followed by identifying the Art Deco and international style characteristics in the buildings and the fusion. Theoretically and practically, this research is expected to provide additional insights for both the author and readers regarding Bandung's Art Deco heritage, thereby contributing to the field of architectural knowledge In general, the result reveals that both hotels exhibit Art Deco and international style features in their designs. In terms of percentage, The Gaia Hotel Bandung has a dominance of 46.7% classified as Modern Art Deco. Meanwhile, Padma Hotel Bandung has a percentage of 47.02% classified as Modern Art Deco. It can be observed that Padma Hotel has a higher Art Deco percentage. Keywords: fusion, art deco, international style, dominance
REPRESENTASI SEJARAH DAN BUDAYA MELALUI ARSITEKTUR RUMAH BOERDERIJ BUITENZORG PADA FILM BUMI MANUSIA Aliyyah, Viana; S. Wijayaputri, Caecilia
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7534.1-18

Abstract

Abstract - Architecture and Film are two different things but are interrelated and need each other. A film product will certainly not be completed without the role of architecture as a backdrop. Film represents space and time where this medium has a temporal spatial nature from cinematic representations that can be observed through architecture to the characters and events depicted. In addition, the architecture in the film is able to create an environment that brings the audience to a certain period. Films may provide a description of the social and cultural life of a community at a certain time, even the architectural forms and styles used. The film Bumi Manusia (2019) is an adaptation of the legendary novel of the same title which uses the architectural setting of the Dutch colonial era. This film uses space and architectural elements in a cinematic way, especially the Boerderij Buitenzorg house which is the dominant location in the film. In this way, the film Bumi Manusia (2019) can represent history and culture through the architecture of the Boerderij Buitenzorg house and perhaps in influencing the audience's perception of the historical period. The study used qualitative methods with descriptive methods, namely taking data on the object study descriptively and qualitatively analyzing it. The purpose of this study was to identify the elements of the cinematic space in the Boerderij Buitenzorg house. Elements of space can be analyzed using cinematic space tectonic theory through mise-en-scène (cine-spatial) and cinematography. Then identify the characteristics of Dutch colonial architecture on the spatial elements and building facades. Through the analysis of the characteristics of the Boerderij Buitenzorg house, the spatial elements and the building facade in this house do not fully represent the architecture of the Dutch colonial period. Through elements that represent and do not represent Dutch colonial architecture, the film Bumi Manusia (2019) as a film that depicts a historical period, can represent, manipulate, and change the audience's perception of the architectural environment in the Dutch colonial period. Keywords: Cinema and Architecture, The House of Boerderij Buitenzorg, Bumi Manusia Film (2019), Cinematic Architecture, Characteristics of Dutch Colonial Architecture.
PENGARUH ARSITEKTUR ERA MAJAPAHIT PADA PENINGGALAN ARSITEKTUR ISLAM DI BANTEN DITINJAU BERDASARKAN TATA RUANG, SOSOK, DAN ORNAMEN Aldo T., Gilbert; Prajudi H., Rahadhian
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7535.19-35

Abstract

Abstract - The Sultanate of Banten was one of the starting points for the spread of Islam in Java. Its location on the North Coast and its close relationship with Pasundan and Cirebon open up opportunities for influence from various parties to enter Banten. Given that the Sultanate of Banten (Islamic in nature) was established in the era of the Hindu-Buddhist transition to Islam in Java, it is possible that there is still Hindu-Buddhist influence, especially Majapahit as the last major empire that existed before Islam in Banten civilization, especially in terms of architecture and urban planning. This study discusses descriptive and qualitatively how the architectural elements in the heritage of Islamic architecture in Banten are influenced by the architecture of the Majapahit era and which were brought indirectly by Cirebon. The analysis carried out is based on spatial planning, figures, and ornaments as benchmarks that can be seen physically on the existing relics. Objects in Banten will be aligned with comparison objects from Majapahit, Cirebon, and also the Sendang Duwur Mosque complex. The results of the study indicate that the influence of Majapahit is still legible in Banten. This shows the syncretism that occurs between Hinduism and Islam, Sundanese and Javanese. This research is limited to the presence or absence of Majapahit elements in Banten architecture, so further research is needed to examine the interpretation of meaning and architectural evolution that occurs between figure and ornament, the proportion of Majapahit attributes to Banten. Keywords: Transition, Majapahit, Influence, Architecture, Islam, Banten
RUANG INTERPERSONAL PENGGUNA TERKAIT AKTIVITAS IBADAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI MASJID AGUNG AL-UKHUWWAH BANDUNG Kevin Senjaya, William; Astrina Fitria Indrarani, Indri
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7536.36-51

Abstract

Abstract - The mosque is an architectural space that is essential, to accommodate various kinds of worship activities for Muslims. This worship activity refers to the arguments of Islam which are dogmatic and complex. The procedures and practices of worship, both prayer and non-prayer are already listed in the Quran and hadith. As well as worship activities that are recommended in congregation and stay in touch with each other. However, at this time the world is faced with a global reality, namely the Covid-19 pandemic which requires the implementation of the 6M protocol. This situation is indicated to cause a shift in individuals' perceptions of their personal space for activities. Because basically architecture doesn't always talk about visible and touchable forms, but there is a three-dimensional space that is both invisible and untouchable. This three-dimensional space pivots on every architectural actor and is dynamic not static. This concept is called interpersonal space, and is used as a formal object in this research. This research departs from observing user activity patterns at the Great Mosque of Al-Ukhuwwah Bandung during the Covid-19 pandemic which consists of two categories, namely, prayer activities and non-prayer activities. The observation process carried out with this behavior mapping method, records user activities before, during, and after Fardhu prayers, Friday prayers, Tarawih prayers, I'tikaf, as well as studies or lectures. The results of this recording are then justified by matrix data or questionnaire and interviews tables which are processed using the Likert scale method. These two data will determine whether or not the interpersonal space of users of the Al-Ukhuwwah Great Mosque will shift in carrying out worship activities during this pandemic. The results of the analysis were carried out by answering two research questions. The results of this study indicate that at this time (omicron period) users tend to return to religious dogma. The dominant interpersonal distance in all worship activities is personal distance. In essence, at this time (omicron period) there is no shift in the interpersonal space of prayer, which still remains at a personal distance, while activities other than prayer have a backward shift of interpersonal space from social distance to personal distance. The purpose of this study was to explore and observe the distance between individuals regarding the concept of interpersonal space based on patterns of worship activities during this pandemic. In addition, the benefit of this research is to provide new knowledge about interpersonal space which is expected to achieve the privacy and personal level of each individual who carries out worship activities at the Great Mosque of Al-Ukhuwwah Bandung during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Behavior Mapping, Interpersonal Space, Non-Prayer Activities, Prayer Activities Three-Dimensional Space
OPTIMASI KINERJA AKUSTIK MASJID AL-IRSYAD SATYA KOTA BARU PARAHYANGAN Rachmasari P., Nabila; Subagio, Irma
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7537.52-67

Abstract

Abstract - The mosque is a place of worship for Muslims. Activities held at the mosque consist of congregational prayers, sermons, recitations, weddings and discussions forums. These activities are the kinds that require voice clarity so that the acoustics in the mosque are important. Al-Irsyad Mosque Kota Baru Parahyangan is a mosque designed by Urbane which has a porous wall design with good natural ventilation in mind. However, the porous walls in the mosque can potentially reduce the quality of the acoustical performance that occurs in the interior. Thus, the acoustic performance of Al-Irsyad Mosque in Kota Baru Parahyangan is interesting to be studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the acoustic performance of the Al-Irsyad Mosque in Kota Baru Parahyangan based on objective parameters, and what efforts can be made to optimize the acoustic performance if found not optimal. The research uses quantitative research methods. Quantitative research was carried out by conducting a literature study to find out theories about mosque acoustics, and field observations for data collection, as well as field measurements to determine the acoustical condition of the mosque. The data collected is acoustic quality measurement data based on acoustic objective parameters. The data then goes through the analysis stage to determine the acoustic performance of the mosque, and an optimization stage is carried out using the I-SIMPA simulation software if the performance is found to be non-optimal. The results showed that the acoustic performance of the mosque was still below the standard, both based on the sound distribution and the acoustic quality of the inner room itself. It was concluded that the acoustic performance of the space in the mosque is influenced by the porous building envelope and also the use of the mosque's sound system. The optimization stage is carried out by simulating the acoustical performance on I-SIMPA simulation software, by modifying the material as needed. Keywords: Acoustic Performance, Al-Irsyad Mosque, Kota Baru Parahyangan, Objective Parameters, Porous Walls, I-SIMPA Simulation.
KAJIAN KRITIS DAMPAK ARSITEKTUR PASCAMODERN PADA PERWUJUDAN TIPOLOGI PERKANTORAN BANGUNAN THE ENERGY JAKARTA Nugraha Witama, Handy; Saliya, Yuswadi
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7538.68-85

Abstract

Abstract - The rise of architecture in Indonesia undergoes a significant change caused by the influence and existing developments, so the architecture of the archipelago is fading. Those influences caused the need of architectural critique as an objective learning of architecture design in Indonesia, such as responding to contextual and specific typology function. The Energy is a Postmodern office building that’s located in the SCBD Jakarta. This research critically analyse the impact of Postmodern architecture towards the embodiement of The Energy Building office typology, also criticize the suitability to the context of the SCBD area and the effieciency of energy usage. The research focus on the building's shape, exterior appearance, interior, energy efficiency, zonation, activities. This research uses descriptive, comparative, and normative methods with qualitative approach, the data of the object study is analysed by explanations of Postmodern architectural theory relating to the energy efficiency standards and contextual architectural theory in studying the embodiment of The Energy's office typology on the basis of architectural criticism theory. For data gathering by field observation, interview with the developer on The Energy building and literature study. This critical architecture research is sought to give an impact and understanding of the wider comunity and future architecture planning based on architectural theories. The final study results reveal the impact of Postmodern on the realization of The Energy's office typology from the scope of the study is said to be well and appropriate, and is positively integrated with Contextual, and energy efficiency that affect the comfortability of workers’ and rental price. The embodiment of The Energy's typology also develops and adopts from the previous, by following the development of architectural styles and technology, and the characteristics of the people that reflect the sophistication of the era. The outcome of the study produces conclusions and lessons also generate hypotheses for the future embodiment office typology. Keywords: critical study, Postmodern, office typologie, SCBD Jakarta
STUDI ARSITEKTUR BANGUNAN-BANGUNAN KAYU PADA KOMPLEKS DHARMASALA BERDASARKAN REKONSTRUKSI ARSITEKTUR VIRTUAL Nadia, Joe; Prijotomo, Josef
Jurnal Riset Arsitektur Vol 8 No 01 (2024): RISET ARSITEKTUR "RISA"
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/risa.v8i01.7541.86-104

Abstract

Abstract - It was originally estimated that in the Dieng Plateau there were around 400 temples which brought up a theory that it was used to be an important Hindu pilgrimage site at its time. At the Dieng Temple Complex, stands Dharmasala Complex which is a wooden building complex with an area of approximately 4,500m2. In Hindu-Buddhist religious practice, dharmasala is a place for pilgrims to rest and get ready before doing the ritual in the temples. Many architectural studies on stone buildings, such as temples, have been carried out, however, buildings made of wood received less attention. This architectural study aims to provide an overview of the form of these wooden buildings and their functions. In archeology and architecture, to estimate the form of a building which parts are too separated or the remains are insufficient, virtual reconstruction techniques can be used. The result is the form of those buildings are composed of wooden structures that stand on stone pedestals, with woden plank walls, bamboo rafters, and roof coverings made of thatch. With rigid frame as the structural system and the roof forms vary between the saddle and the hip, all of them follow contextual building rules for a tropical climate which must protect its users from heat and rain. The three plots have different functions and characters. Plot 1 with the function of supporting the activities of the pilgrims that are getting ready to go to the temple, plot 2 with the function that is estimated to be classrooms and plot 3 with the function of lodging or dormitory. Keywords: reconstruction, wooden structures, Dharmasala

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