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Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal
Published by Universitas Malikussaleh
ISSN : 24069825     EISSN : 26143178     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal is a scientific open access journal in the field of aquatic sciences, published periodically (April and October) by the Institute of Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Malikussaleh (Malikussaleh University) in cooperation with Marine Center Universitas Malikussaleh, Department of Aquaculture Universitas Malikussaleh and Department of Marine Science Universitas Malikussaleh. Acta aquatica are publish original research, overviews and reviews relating to aquatic environments (wetlands, freshwater and marine waters) and the border limits of these environmental systems and the impacts of human activities on the environmental systems. Acta Aquatica has a related studies in aquatic bioecology, aquaculture, hydrology, biodiversity of aquatic biosphere, oceanology, exploitation and exploration technology of aquatic resources, fisheries product technology, aquatic microbiology, aquatic modeling, aquatic geographic information systems, and socio-economic of aquatic resources.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 380 Documents
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Analysis of Lead (Pb) content in the tissues of kipar fish (Scatophagus argus) from the Waters of Muara Pantuan Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency Muhammad Maksum Musyarif; Ristiana Eryati; Irwan Ramadhan Ritonga
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 1 (April, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i1.26099

Abstract

The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is a nutrition source in the waters of Muara Pantuan, Mahakam Delta. However, anthropogenic activities from land have caused Lead (Pb) contamination in these waters, which has the potential to accumulate in fish. The purpose of this study was to determine Pb concentrations in various tissues of the spotted scat and analyze the associated human health risks from its consumption. A total of 8 fish samples were collected from Muara Pantuan waters with the assistance of local fishermen. Gill, digestive organ, and muscle tissues were digested using the acid digestion method, and Pb concentrations were analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) type iCE 3000. The results show the highest Pb concentration was found in the gills (0.04 ± 0.01 µg/g dry weight), while the lowest was in the digestive tract (0.03 ± 0.01 µg/g dry weight). The mean Pb concentration across all fish tissues ranged from 0.02 to 0.05 µg/g dry weight, which remains below the Indonesian National Agency of Drug and Food Control's (BPOM) standard of 0.20 µg/g. Correlation analysis between Pb and length (r = 0.80) and weight (r = 0.75) of the spotted scat showed a negative relationship with a strong correlation coefficient, but the relationship was not significant (p > 0.05). The Maximum Weekly Intake (MWI) calculation yielded the highest safe consumption limit for the adult group (43.8 kg/week), followed by adolescents (35.7 kg/week), and children (10.9 kg/week). Based on Pb concentration and health risk analysis, the spotted scat from Muara Pantuan waters is still considered fit and safe for human consumption. Keywords: Fish; Heavy Metal; Mahakam Delta; Risk Health
Utilization of local plants for fish disease control: systematic literature review Salmiati Salmiati; Ratna Sari; Muhammad Hidayatullah; Amelia Sriwahyuni Lubis; Ira Desmiati
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.20403

Abstract

Fish farming is one of the most popular activities in the community. However, a common obstacle for fish farmers is the attack of diseases that attack cultured fish. Bacterial infection is one example of a disorder that often attacks farmed fish and causes losses in fish farming. Due to side effects and drug resistance, the use of chemical drugs and antibiotics in fish has been restricted. On the other hand, efforts can be made to improve the prevention and treatment of fish diseases by the use of herbal plants. This article discusses studies on the use of herbal materials that enhance fish immunity and resistance to bacterial diseases and focuses on the types of herbal plants. The review results show that the use of herbal plants for the management and control of diseases affecting fish populations effectively shows a higher level of efficiency and poses a much lower risk to the health of aquatic organisms and can be a more economical alternative when compared to frequently used chemical drugs. Keywords: Aquaculture; Chemical; Disease; Local Plants
The effect of adding curcuma extract (Curcuma zanthorrhiza) to commercial feed on the growth and survival of carp fry (Cyprinus carpio) Siti Arfah; Siti Komariyah; Suri Purnama Febri; Shadiqa Malahayati
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.23886

Abstract

Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the freshwater fish species with high economic value and is widely cultivated due to its high adaptability to environmental conditions, ease of breeding, and rapid growth. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding turmeric extract to commercial feed on the growth and survival of carp fry and to determine the optimal dose of turmeric extract for the growth and survival of carp fry. The study was conducted in March 2024 over 40 days at the Hatchery Laboratory of the Aquaculture Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Samudra University. The curcuma extract was prepared at the Chemistry Laboratory of Syiah Kuala University. The research method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Where P1 (without curcuma extract administration), P2 (curcuma extract administration at 10 ml/kg of feed), P3 (curcuma extract administration at 20 ml/kg of feed), and P4 (curcuma extract administration at 30 ml/kg of feed). The research results showed that the best feed intake was in P4 (76.50 g), the best absolute length growth was in P4 (4.58 cm), and the best absolute weight growth was in P4 (3.64 g). the best daily growth rate was in P4 (3.15%), the best survival rate was in P4 (90%), and the lowest feed conversion ratio was in P4 (2.18%). Keywords: Carp (Cyprinus carpio); Curcuma Extract; Growth Survival Rate
Assessment of water quality using organic matter Indicators in the downstream Dingin River Wosi Watershed and Pami River, Manokwari West Papua Gandi Purba; Jemmy Manan; Roy R. Wararomi
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.24149

Abstract

This study was carried out in Mei 2023 at Dingin River Wosi, West Manokwari District and Pami River, North Manokwari District, both located in Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. The main objective was to assess the water quality status of Dingin River and Pami River using selected physical and chemical parameters. Based on these assessments, the pollution status (Pollution Index) of each river was determined. An observational approach was used, involving the collection of data through both direct and indirect observations of relevant environmental factors. The results for Dingin River (Wosi) indicated that physical parameters, specifically temperature and turbidity, were within acceptable limits, suggesting good water quality; however, an odor was detected. Chemical parameters—including pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS)—were also within permissible levels, indicating a generally good status. Nevertheless, ammonia concentrations were found to be elevated, while phosphate and nitrate levels remained within acceptable limits. For Pami River, physical parameters were also within acceptable ranges, and no odor was detected. Chemical parameters, including pH, salinity, DO, and BOD, were classified as good, but TSS levels were elevated. Concentrations of ammonia, phosphate, and nitrate were within permissible limits. Based on these findings, the Pollution Index for both Dingin River Wosi and Pami River indicates a category of light pollution. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for relevant authorities in evaluating and improving river management strategies to prevent further environmental degradation. Keywords: Organic Matter; Parameters; Water Quality; Watershed Physical; Watershed Chemical Parameters
Identification and resistance profile of pathogenic bacteria in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) againts antibiotics in the waters of the Meureubo River, West Aceh District M. Barru Airil Fizra Hasibuan; Irhami S.; Khairul Samuki; Alfis Syahril
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.24913

Abstract

This study aimed to identify pathogenic bacterial species and analyze their antibiotic resistance profiles in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from the Meureubo River, West Aceh Regency. The research was conducted through several stages, including fish sampling, bacterial isolation, and culturing on Nutrient Agar, Tryptic Soy Agar, and MacConkey Agar media, followed by Gram staining, biochemical characterization, and antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The results indicated significant water quality degradation at the midstream (L2) and downstream (L3) stations, characterized by decreased dissolved oxygen (DO) and increased ammonia levels. From fish samples exhibiting clinical symptoms (ulceration, fin rot, hepatomegaly), five major bacterial genera were isolated: Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, Edwardsiella tarda, Flavobacterium columnare, and Pseudomonas spp. Antibiotic resistance testing revealed that amoxicillin (AMX) and erythromycin (ERY) showed the highest resistance levels among the isolates, whereas enrofloxacin (ENR) and kanamycin (KAN) remained highly effective. The Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index values ranged from 0.0 to 0.4, with Edwardsiella tarda and Flavobacterium columnare classified as multidrug-resistant. These findings confirm that increasing anthropogenic activities around the Meureubo River contribute to the emergence of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance. Overall, this research provides essential scientific insights for managing tilapia health and controlling antimicrobial resistance in public freshwater ecosystems. Keywords: Antibiotic Resistance; Meureubo River; MAR index; Oreochromis niloticus; Pathogenic Bacteria
Optimization of non-specific immune parameters, growth, and survival rate of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings using Padina sp. extract as an immunostimulant Nurfitri Rahim; Risfany Risfany; Paletuno Soloweno; Guntur Benotirto Samudro
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.26509

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the macroalgae extract Padina sp. as a natural immunostimulant agent to enhance growth performance and non-specific immune responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experiment employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatment levels with three replications, including a control diet (without supplementation) and diets supplemented with Padina sp. extract at concentrations of 1.0 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg, and 2.0 g/kg feed. During a 14-day rearing period, Nile tilapia fingerlings measuring 5–7 cm were evaluated for hematological parameters, including total leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, leukocyte differentiation, phagocytic activity, specific growth rate (SGR), feed utilization efficiency, survival rate (SR), and water quality parameters. The best performance was observed in fish fed 1.5 g/kg Padina sp. extract, which resulted in a total leukocyte count of 8.66±2.61×10⁵ cells/mm³, lymphocyte percentage of 73±3.01%, and the highest survival rate of 93±5.44%. Water quality parameters remained within optimal ranges throughout the study, with temperature ranging from 28.5–29.5°C, pH 6.9–7.4, and dissolved oxygen levels of 5.3–5.9 ppm. Based on these findings, dietary supplementation of Padina sp. extract at 1.5 g/kg feed is considered effective as a natural immunostimulant to support sustainable Nile tilapia aquaculture. Keywords: Growth Performance; Immunostimulant; Nile Tilapia; Non-Specific Immunity; Padina sp.
Suitability assessment of fishing operation locations against predicted fishing ground maps during the western monsoon in the border area of Indonesian Fisheries Management Areas 712 and 713 Vida Nikmatul Karimah; Kukuh Eko Prihantoko; Bambang Argo Wibowo; Ernowo Supriyatno Mudji Putra; Ayu Fitriani; Eli Nurlaela
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.26535

Abstract

Knowledge of the dynamics of fishing grounds and fishing seasons is a major supporting factor for the success of fishing operations. This study aims to analyze fish catches based on fishing operation time, the distribution of fishing ground locations of Small Pelagic Purse Seine (PCPK), and their level of conformity to the Fishing Ground Forecast Map (PPDPI). This quantitative study analyzed 23 factual fishing ground coordinate points and catch data in the border areas of WPPNRI 712 and 713 during the West season. The results showed that the location of fishing grounds was distributed at 56.52% in WPPNRI 713 and 43.48% in WPPNRI 712. The catch was generally dominated by Scad (Decapterus spp.) at 42.95%, although there was a monthly variation in dominance where Sero fish dominated in January (57.50%). The Kappa test results produced a coefficient value of K = 0.184 with p = 0.311. This value indicates that the level of spatial agreement between the actual fishing ground locations and the PPDPI is in the very low category (slight agreement) and is not statistically significant (p > 0.05), so that the existing pattern of conformity is not different from random chance. This finding concludes that the PPDPI is currently not the main reference for fishermen in determining the actual fishing ground in fishing operations. Keywords: Fish; Pelagic Fish; Purse Seine; West Season
Quality assessment of smoked Clarias gariepinus from farms and markets in Ibadan, Nigeria: implications for public health Oluwafemi Olowojuni; Nana Kadidia Traore; Flora Eyibio Olaifa
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.26541

Abstract

Smoked fish is widely consumed in Nigeria and may serve as a route of exposure to microbial contamination and toxic metals. This study assessed microbial quality, spoilage indicators, proximate composition, and heavy metal content associated with smoked Clarias gariepinus obtained from two farms (A and B) and two markets (A and B) in Ibadan, Nigeria, with implications for public health. Spoilage indicators were higher in market-sourced samples, with peroxide values ranging from 0.93 ± 0.40 mEq/kg in Farm B to 3.37 ± 0.29 mEq/kg in Market B. Total volatile base nitrogen and thiobarbituric acid values were also elevated, indicating increased lipid oxidation and protein degradation. Total viable (3.68 ± 0.79) × 10⁴ and fungal counts (2.66 ± 0.54) × 10⁵ were higher in market samples, although coliforms were not detected. Microbial profiling revealed greater diversity in market fish, including Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Saccharomyces, and Geotrichum. Proximate composition was comparable across sources, with low moisture content (4.70–6.70%) and water activity (0.850–0.910), reflecting effective drying. Heavy metal concentrations were generally low in farmed fish but higher in market samples, particularly Market B, following the order arsenic > chromium > lead > cadmium, while mercury was not detected. Estimated daily intake and target hazard quotient values were below established safety thresholds, indicating no health risk. However, elevated spoilage indices and metal levels in market fish highlight the need for routine monitoring to protect consumer health. Keywords: Biochemical Spoilage; Fish; Markets; Microbial Quality
Characterization of pathogenic bacteria and histopathological analysis of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in pond and hatchery systems in Simpang Mamplam and Jangka Districts Akmal Izwar; Anis Nugrahawati; Yusrizal Akmal; Syahirman Hakim; Rizkan Fahmi; Erlia Hanum
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.26598

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize pathogenic bacteria and analyze the level of hepatopancreatic tissue damage in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) originating from pond and hatchery cultivation systems in Jangka and Simpang Mamplam Districts, Bireuen Regency. Shrimp samples were collected from two types of water locations that receive aquaculture waste runoff, namely estuarine stations (aquaculture pond effluent) and coastal marine stations (hatchery effluent). Bacterial analysis was carried out through isolation on agar media and identification of colony morphology and biochemical tests, while histopathological analysis was carried out on hepatopancreatic tissue using the Hematoxylin–Eosin (H&E) staining method with a semi-quantitative scoring system. The results showed that the identified pathogenic bacteria included Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus with densities ranging from 10³–10⁷ CFU. The highest bacterial density was found at the estuarine station, especially from the genus Vibrio. Histopathological analysis revealed various structural changes in hepatopancreas tissue, including cell lysis, vacuolization, hemocyte aggregation, tubular damage, and inflammatory responses. Histopathological scores at the estuarine station (3.67–4.00) indicated a more severe level of tissue damage compared to the marine station (2.67). Keywords: Hepatopancreas; Histopathology; Litopenaeus vannamei; Pathogenic Bacteria; Vibrio
Analysis of the tourism suitability index and development strategy for Telok Berdiri Mangrove Ecotourism in Sungai Kupah Village, Kubu Raya Regency Dewi Nur Khayani; Widadi Padmarsari Soetignya; Fitra Wira Hadinata
Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal Acta Aquatica, Vol. 13: No. 2 (August, 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/aa.v13i2.26906

Abstract

Mangrove ecotourism in Telok Berdiri, Sungai Kupah Village, Kubu Raya Regency, is a mangrove-based tourism area with considerable ecological, educational, and economic potential. However, its development is still constrained by limited supporting facilities and insufficient tourism promotion. This study aimed to assess the suitability of the area for mangrove ecotourism development and to formulate appropriate development strategies. A descriptive research method with a qualitative approach was employed. Data were collected through field observations, interviews, and measurements of mangrove biophysical parameters at three observation stations. The data were analyzed using the Tourism Suitability Index (TSI) and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis. The results showed that Station 1 obtained a TSI value of 2.35 and was classified as suitable for mangrove ecotourism development. In contrast, Stations 2 and 3 obtained TSI values of 1.37 and 1.22, respectively, and were classified as unsuitable. The SWOT analysis indicated that the recommended development strategies include strengthening community-based education and conservation programs, improving tourism facilities and promotional activities, and conducting regular monitoring and evaluation. Therefore, Telok Berdiri Mangrove Ecotourism has the potential to be developed sustainably through management practices that integrate environmental, social, and economic aspects of the local community. Keywords: Mangrove Ecotourism; SWOT Analysis; Sungai Kupah; Telok Berdiri; Tourism Suitability Index

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