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Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya
ISSN : 25412272     EISSN : 25489526     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 333 Documents
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Breaking the Delay: Stage III HIV Diagnosis and Successful Recovery at the Primary Healthcare Level Sahika Nisandi Ayudelvi; Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto; Diadema Dicky Fansia; Muzna Anisah; Khakan Baguna; Iriyadi Iriyadi; Eltari Primasari
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30290

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major public health problem, particularly when diagnosis occurs at an advanced stage. This case report describes a 24-year-old male diagnosed with WHO stage III HIV infection at a primary health care facility in the absence of CD4 count and baseline viral load due to resource limitations. The patient presented with oral candidiasis, chronic diarrhea, prolonged fever, and significant weight loss, alongside high-risk sexual behavior. HIV and syphilis serology were reactive, while tuberculosis was excluded despite strong clinical suspicion. The patient was managed with antifungal therapy, syphilis treatment, and first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). Significant clinical improvement was observed within one month, and viral load decreased to 60 copies/mL at six months, indicating near-complete virological suppression. This case highlights missed opportunities for early HIV diagnosis, supports the use of WHO clinical staging as a surrogate in resource-limited settings, and demonstrates that effective HIV management can be achieved at the primary care level.
Assessing the Feasibility of Developing a Menopause Clinic as a Specialized Flagship Service at MedicElle Primary Clinic, Surabaya Nabil Salim Ambar; Ansarul Fahrudda; Solichul Absor
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30469

Abstract

Menopause represents a natural stage in a woman’s life that may be accompanied by physical, psychological, and social symptoms requiring appropriate clinical management. This study aimed to conduct a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of establishing a dedicated Menopause Clinic as a flagship service at MedicElle Primary Clinic in Surabaya. A quantitative descriptive study with a retrospective cross-sectional design was conducted using medical records of women aged 40-60 years who met the inclusion criteria. A total of 58 eligible participants were selected through a total sampling approach. The majority of participants were in the perimenopausal period and presented with multiple menopausal symptoms, predominantly vasomotor complaints, sleep disturbances, psychological manifestations, urogenital symptoms, and musculoskeletal pain. Overall, 82.7% of the patients experienced at least one menopausal symptom, with a mean Complaint Index of 2.8. Indicators of service readiness demonstrated the availability of six healthcare professionals, a facility readiness score of 4.2 out of 5, a follow-up rate of 67%, and a medical record completeness rate of 93%. These findings suggest that the institution has demonstrated preliminary readiness and that there is a clear demand for menopause related healthcare services. However, the overall feasibility of establishing the proposed clinic cannot yet be fully determined because important aspects, including financial feasibility, patient satisfaction, healthcare provider perspectives, and long-term clinical outcomes, were not evaluated in this study.
Correlation between serum ferritin levels and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in patients with beta-thalassemia major at Universitas Airlangga Hospital Laila Faiqotul Husna; Pradana Zaky Romadhon; Yetti Hernaningsih; Erika Marfiani; Kartika Prahasanti
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30605

Abstract

Patients with beta-thalassemia major require repeated blood transfusions. Repeated blood transfusions and increased gastrointestinal iron intake can lead to iron overload in various organs, including the pituitary gland. Iron accumulation in the pituitary gland can damage gonadotroph cells and interfere with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, leading to hypogonadism. This study analyzes the correlation between serum ferritin and FSH in patients with beta-thalassemia major. A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling adult patients (≥18 years) with beta-thalassemia major undergoing transfusions at Airlangga University Hospital's Medical Hematology-Oncology Clinic. The analysis was performed using Spearman’s Rho correlation test. Out of 51 patients, 29 were female (56.9%) and 22 were male (43.1%), with a median age of 25 years. The mean serum ferritin level was 937.17 ± 210.61 µg/L, and the majority (64.7%) had serum ferritin levels <1000 µg/L. The median FSH level was 14.15 IU/L. 68.18% of male patients had FSH levels above the normal range, whereas 89.65% of female patients remained within the normal range. Spearman’s Rho analysis demonstrated no correlation between serum ferritin and FSH (r = 0.239; p = 0.092; 95% CI). In conclusion, this study found no statistically significant correlation between serum ferritin and FSH in patients with beta-thalassemia major.
Analysis of Antifungal Activity of Artocarpus camansi Leaf Extract Against Malassezia furfur: An In Vitro Experimental Study Megan Seelena; Renata Prameswari; Verna Biutifasari; Stefanus Djoni Husodo
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30728

Abstract

A lipophilic fungus, Malassezia furfur, is responsible for several skin diseases. The conventional treatment is ketoconazole, but concerns about adverse effects and resistance have prompted the search for natural alternatives such as Artocarpus camansi, whose effectiveness remains poorly understood despite its bioactive flavonoid and steroid content. The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro antifungal activity of leaf extract from Artocarpus camansi against Malassezia furfur at doses of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. This laboratory experimental study employed the disc diffusion method. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to assess and statistically analyze the inhibition zones of the therapy Artocarpus camansi leaf extract at doses of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, with four replications each. The mean inhibition zone for the positive control was 9.53 mm. On the other hand, no inhibitory zone (6.00 mm diameter) was formed by any of the Artocopus camanci extract doses or the negative control. There were no significant differences between the extract concentrations (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference between the positive control and all extract groups (p=0.014). In conclusion, at the tested concentrations, Artocarpus camansi leaf extract shows no antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur, whereas Ketoconazole remains a useful inhibitor.
Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Dampak Diferensialnya terhadap Glikemia Puasa dibandingkan Glikemia Postprandial Valiant Zahirul Azmi; Dinnisa Haura Zhafira Hidayat; Adnan Ahmad; Citra Ayu Maharani Permatasuri; Lyriestrata Anisa; Alya Zahra Sonia
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30778

Abstract

Obesity and abnormal body mass index (BMI) are established risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the association between BMI and glycemic status may vary across clinical populations, particularly among individuals enrolled in chronic disease management programs. This study aimed to assess the association between BMI category and glycemic status, measured by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2-h PPG), among Prolanis participants at Pasar Rebo Primary Health Center. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary medical record data from a single predefined assessment month. Participants with complete records of sex, body weight, height, FPG, and 2-h PPG were included. BMI was classified according to the WHO Asia-Pacific criteria for descriptive analysis and collapsed into underweight, normoweight, and overweight–obese groups for inferential analysis. Glycemic status was classified into normal, prediabetic range, and diabetic range categories. The association between BMI category and glycemic status was analyzed using cross-tabulation and the Fisher–Freeman–Halton exact test. A total of 454 participants were included in the final analysis. Most participants were female (68.9%) and were classified as overweight or obese (68.5%). This study’s results show that the BMI category was not significantly associated with FPG status (p = 0.888). Diabetic-range FPG was observed in 83.2% of the underweight–normoweight group and 83.3% of the overweight–obese group. Similarly, BMI category was not significantly associated with 2-h PPG status (p = 0.159). Diabetic-range 2-h PPG was found in 46.2% of the underweight–normoweight group and 55.6% of the overweight–obese group. These findings suggest that BMI category alone may have limited ability to discriminate fasting or postprandial glycemic status among Prolanis participants. Direct glycemic monitoring remains important across BMI categories in this high-risk primary care population.  
The Influence of Aerobic Exercise on Intraocular Pressure in Normal Subjects in Late Adolescence Hasna Fauziyyah; Nur Shani Meida
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30861

Abstract

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important ocular health parameter and a major modifiable risk factor related to glaucoma. Evidence regarding the acute effect of aerobic exercise on IOP remains inconsistent, particularly in healthy late adolescents. Objective: This study analyzed changes in IOP before and after one session of aerobic exercise. A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted among 67 university students aged 19-22 years who met the eligibility criteria. Participants performed 20 minutes of jogging at a pace of 6:00-8:00 min/km. IOP in the right eye (OD) and left eye (OS) was measured before exercise and within 2 minutes after exercise using a handheld transpalpebral tonometer. Because the data were not normally distributed, pre-post differences were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Mean IOP decreased from 17.90 to 15.24 mmHg in OD, representing a mean reduction of 2.66 mmHg. Mean IOP in OS decreased from 18.40 to 15.18 mmHg, representing a mean reduction of 3.22 mmHg. IOP decreased in most participants in OD (48/67) and OS (50/67). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed statistically significant pre-post differences in OD (Z = -4.948; p < 0.001; r = 0.604) and OS (Z = -4.945; p < 0.001; r = 0.604). IOP decreased significantly after a single session of aerobic exercise in healthy late adolescents. However, because this study used a one-group design without a control group, the findings should be interpreted as reflecting an acute physiological response rather than evidence of therapeutic efficacy.
Association between Nutritional Status with Severity of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Pediatric Patients Veronika Lydia Dewi Sugiarto; Komang Trisna Sumadewi; Ni Wayan Rusni Sugiarto
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30891

Abstract

Dengue infection remains a major public health concern in tropical regions, including Indonesia, with pediatric patients exhibiting varying degrees of clinical severity. Nutritional status has been suggested as a host-related factor influencing immune response and disease progression. This study aimed to examine the association between nutritional status and dengue severity among pediatric patients treated at Mangusada Regional Hospital in 2024 using the WHO 2009 classification system. A cross-sectional analytic design was applied using secondary data from medical records. Total sampling yielded 120 eligible pediatric dengue patients after exclusion of incomplete records. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI-for-age z-score based on WHO growth standards and categorized into undernutrition, normal nutrition, and overnutrition. Dengue severity was classified as dengue without warning signs and dengue with warning signs/severe dengue for analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with Cramér’s V to determine effect size. The results showed that overnutrition was the most frequent nutritional status (55.0%), and dengue with warning signs was the most common severity category (44.2%). Chi-square analysis indicated no statistically significant unadjusted association between nutritional status and dengue severity (χ² = 1.50; p = 0.473), with a small effect size (Cramér’s V = 0.112). These findings should be interpreted cautiously because important potential confounding variables were not included in the analysis.
Association Between Diabetic Neuropathy and Fall Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Siti Khodijah Hospital Sepanjang Mochamad Reza Irmansyah; Nurma Yuliyanasari; Laily Irfana; Bagus Aulia Mahdi
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.31226

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy has been recognized as a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, correlated with diminished balance function and an elevated likelihood of falls, which may be associated with substantial morbidity and reduced quality of life. The present study was undertaken to investigate the association between diabetic neuropathy and fall risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Siti Khodijah Hospital, Sepanjang, using a cross-sectional design among 56 patients selected through purposive sampling. Diabetic neuropathy status was ascertained from medical record documentation reflecting clinical diagnoses established by internal medicine and neurology specialists, whereas fall risk was evaluated by administering the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Of participants with diabetic neuropathy, 26 of 35 patients (74.3%) were identified as higher fall risk, compared to 8 of 21 patients (38.1%) without diabetic neuropathy. Chi-square analysis yielded a statistically significant association between diabetic neuropathy and TUG-based fall risk classification (p = 0.007, r = 0.338), with an odds ratio of 4.694 (95% CI: 1.469–15.005). These results suggest that early detection of diabetic neuropathy and prompt initiation of preventive interventions may be warranted to reduce fall-related outcomes in this population.
“Peran Psikiatri dalam Penatalaksanaan Depresi Postpartum Pasca Delirium pada Pasien dengan Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy dan Kematian Janin Intrauterin” damba bestari; Novelita Mesah
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.31346

Abstract

Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare but life-threatening metabolic disorder that typically occurs in the third trimester and may lead to hepatic dysfunction, hepatic encephalopathy, and multisystem organ failure. While prompt delivery and intensive care can stabilize the patient physically, significant psychological complications may arise in the postpartum period. We report the case of a 22-year-old primigravida diagnosed with AFLP complicated by intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), hepatic encephalopathy, and delirium. The patient required 10 days of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) management before transitioning to the High Care Unit (HCU). Psychometric evaluation via the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) confirmed a mixed-type organic delirium, alongside a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale–Excited Component (PANSS-EC) score of 19. After resolution of the acute organic delirium, the patient developed persistent grief, emotional lability, and severe postpartum depression, evidenced by an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score of 13. Her psychological distress was exacerbated by unique psychosocial stressors, particularly the concurrent healthy pregnancy of her identical twin sister, which triggered profound feelings of envy, inadequacy, and identity disruption. Management involved a tight multidisciplinary approach including Obstetrics & Gynecology, Internal Medicine, and Psychiatry. Psychiatric treatment focused on hepatic-safe pharmacotherapy using low-dose haloperidol (0.5 mg) during the acute delirium phase, followed by sertraline (25 mg) and structured Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) combined with grief counseling. At the one-month follow-up, her EPDS score improved to 10, demonstrating the crucial role of integrated medical and psychosocial care in mitigating complex bereavement and promoting neuro-psychiatric recovery following severe obstetric crises.
Emergency Room Length of Stay and Mortality in Patients with Peritonitis-Induced Sepsis at RSUD Dr. Soegiri Lamongan: A Retrospective Pilot Study Eka Ari Puspita; Ghiffari Maulani; Nur Mujaddidah Mochtar; Imam Suyuthi
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.31460

Abstract

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, with one of the common sources originating from the abdomen. Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. One of the factors contributing to increased mortality in sepsis is delayed management in the emergency department. This study aimed to determine the association between emergency department length of stay and mortality in patients with sepsis due to peritonitis at RSUD Dr. Soegiri Lamongan. This study employed a retrospective observational cohort study. Samples were obtained using a total sampling technique from emergency room medical records of post-laparotomy patients between October 2023 and September 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test due to the small sample size. The statistical analysis of 20 patients showed that 1 patient (7.7%) died among those who stayed in the emergency department for ≤ 6 hours, while no deaths (0.0%) were observed among patients with a length of stay > 6 hours. The p-value was 1.000, indicating no statistically significant association between the variables. In conclusion, no statistically significant association was observed in this small cohort.

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