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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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BULBOPHYLLUM ACEHENSE (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW SPECIES OF SECTION BECCARIANA FROM ACEH, SUMATRA, INDONESIA Destario Metusala
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1739

Abstract

Abstract: Sumatra island has been considered as one of the diversity centers for Bulbophyllum species in Indonesia. During botanical exploration held in the mid of 2019, specimens of the genus Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) section Beccariana have been collected from highland forests in Aceh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. Their flower morphology and plant habitus are relatively close to Bulbophyllum cornutum (Blume) Rchb.f. (section Beccariana). Therefore, the aim of this research is to compare the Bulbophyllum sp. from Aceh with closely resemble species in section Beccariana, also to describe and illustrate the morphological characteristics of this Bulbophyllum species from Aceh. Morphological description was carried out by characterizing the flowers and plant habit of the living plants, spirit materials, dried herbarium specimens and photographs. Morphological comparisons with other closely resemble Bulbophyllum species were carried out based on data from protologue, living plants, herbarium specimens and several taxonomic references. The result based on morphological comparisons has showed there were several distinct differences on their flower characteristics, especially on the labellum. Therefore, this Bulbophyllum sp. from Aceh is here described and illustrated as new species, namely Bulbophyllum acehense.Keywords: Bulbophyllum, Sumatra, Orchidaceae 
Ethanol Extract of Pseudo-stem Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates) and Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum) Increase Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) Fruit Fly Catches Angelina Putri Ayu Lestari; I Putu Artayasa; Prapti Sedijani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2070

Abstract

The tropical climate in Indonesia supports the presence of many types of plants that have the potential to produce abundant vegetables and fruit, however the presence of fruit flies is an obstacle to fruit and vegetable productivity. Lemongrass and basil have been studied to contain several compounds that have the potential to control fruit fly attacks. This study aims to determine the effect of the ethanol extract of lemongrass pseudo stem (Cymbopogon citrates) and basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaves on the catch of Bactrocera fruit flies and to determine the concentration of the extract that has the highest number of catches. The method used in sampling was factorial randomized block design (RBD). The ethanol extract of the pseudo-lemongrass, the extract of basil leaves or the mixture of both extract (1:1) that was given at concentrations of 15%, 30% and 45% was dropped onto a piece of cotton and for then be put within a trap before placing on the tree. The cathes obtained from each extract at each concentration were observed if they show a significant difference in the number of fruit fly. Data were tested using analysis of variance (F test) at α = 0.05, followed by the Honest Significant Difference test (HSD). The results showed that the catch obtained from ethanol extract of lemongrass pseudo stem or from basil leaf ectract as well as  from their mixture had a significantly higher number of Bactrocera fruit flies than without using these extracts. The difference in extract concentration did not cause a difference in the ability to attract fruit flies. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of the  pseudo stem ethanol extract of lemongrass or basil leaf ectract as well as their mixture on the catch of Bactrocera fruit flies and these extract are recommended as non-synthetic pesticidesalternatives.
Effectiveness of Subsurface Flow-Wetlands to Reducing TSS Levels and Stabilizing pH in Tofu Liquid Waste Endang Srilestari; Anita Munawwaroh
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2360

Abstract

Small and medium industries are experiencing growth every year. The home industry of tofu production is one of the small and medium industries that continues to grow and develop. However, there is a problem if the tofu production waste is disposed of directly into the waters, it will cause pollution due to the deposition of organic material. The research objective was to analyze the subsurface flow-wetlands with plants namely water hyacinth, apu wood and lemna minor to reducing TSS levels and stabilizing pH. This research an experimental with treatments including SSF-Wetlands without water plants (A1), SSF-Wetlands with water hyacinth (A2), SSF-Wetlands with apu wood (A3), SSF-Wetlands with lemna minor (A4) and SSF-Wetlands with water hyacinth, and apu wood (A5). The stages of this research are the sampling stage, the SSF-Wetlands manufacturing stage, the waste treatment stage and the pH and TSS testing stages. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (SPSS 20). The results showed that the liquid waste of tofu in the initial sample was acidic, namely 3.94 and the TSS level was 858 mg / L. The pH condition of the waste after processing by the quality standard.  The highest increase in pH and decrease in TSS levels in the tofu liquid waste treatment was the SSF-Wetland processing with water hyacinth plants (A2). This shows that water hyacinth plants have a greater role in neutralizing pH and can absorb the most suspended matter compared to apu wood and lemna minor plants.
The Effect of Cherry Leaves Extract (Muntingia calabura) on Growth Performance of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Shurathil Uyun; Ayu Adhita Damayanti; Fariq Azhar
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2450

Abstract

Cherry leaf is a natural ingredient that can be used as a feed additive because it contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpene and polyphenols which are antioxidants. This study aims to determine the effect of giving cherry leaf extract on the growth of vaname shrimp. A total of 20 vannamei shrimp in the PL-20 phase measuring ± 0.1g / head are kept in a 40 liter container. The method used in this study was an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely P1: feeding without cherry leaf extract (control), P2: feeding with the addition of 1% cherry leaf extract, P3: feeding with the addition of 2% cherry leaf extract and P4: feeding with the addition of 3% cherry leaf extract. The data obtained were analyzed by ANNOVA test with a confidence level of 95% and Duncan's continued test. The results of this study indicate that the addition of cherry leaf extract can affect the growth of vaname shrimp, but has no effect on the FCR value and survival rate. The addition of cherry leaf extract to a concentration of 3% can increase the growth of absolute weight and length and the specific growth rate of vaname shrimp which is better than the treatment without the addition of cherry leaf extract. Therefore cherry leaf extract has the potential to be used as a feed additive.
Cadmium (Cd) Resistance of Isolate Bacteria from Poboya Gold Mining in Palu, Central Sulawesi Fahruddin Fahruddin; Syahruddin Kasim; Eka Ummi Rahayu
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 2 (2020): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i2.2013

Abstract

The mining industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, giving an environmental impact from the waste produced because it contains dangerous heavy metals, one of which is cadmium metal (Cd). The purpose to know the ability of cadmium resistance in bacterial isolates. Bacterial isolates were obtained from soil samples from the Poboya Gold Mine field, Palu. Bacterial isolation and selection were carried out by the plate count method, resistance testing using nutrient broth media containing heavy metals Cd, analysis of Cd concentrations using atomic absorption spectrophotometers. From the results of the study, four types of Cd resistant isolates were obtained based on macroscopic and microscopic characterization results, namely isolates EK1, EK2, EK3 and EK4. The two best isolates of Cd resistance, EK2 and EK4 isolates were tested on media containing 20 ppm Cd, showing that both of these isolates were able to significantly reduce Cd concentrations in the supernatant and pellets.
Morphometrics Variations of Carpenter Bees Xylocopa confusa Latreille and Xylocopa latipes Drury from Different Habitats in Central Sulawesi Yulia Windarsih; Manap Trianto
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2472

Abstract

Habitat is a place for living things to grow and develop. Differences in physical characteristics of habitats within an area can affect the morphometry of an organism. This study aims to provide information related to the morphometric variation of the carpenter bees Xylocopa confusa Latreille and Xylocopa latipes Drury in different habitats in Central Sulawesi. The research was conducted in four types of habitat, namely primary forest, secondary forest, rural areas, and urban areas in January 2019. The collection of carpenter bees useds a sweep net by swinging it around the sampling location. The carpenter bees obtained were then killed in a killing jar for five minutes. The carpenter bees samples were put into a sample bottle based on the type of habitat. Furthermore, the pinning process was carried out using insect needles. The results showed that the physical characteristics of the different habitats could affect the morphometric variations of the carpenter bees Xylocopa confusa and Xylocopa latipes. The size of the body morphometry of carpenter bees is larger in primary forest habitats, while the smallest size of bees is found in urban areas. This research is useful as preliminary data before carrying out the cultivation and conservation process of wood bees considering that their role in nature is very important.
Screening and Molecular Identification of Phosphate-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria from Mangrove Ecosystem of the Lombok Island Lalu Zulkifli; Prapti Sedijani; Dewa Ayu Citra Rasmi; Lalu Wira Zain Amrullah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 3 (2020): September - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i3.1730

Abstract

Phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria can be used as a component in biofertilizer formulations to increase local and national food production without causing adverse risks to the environment compared to the use of chemical fertilizers. In this regard, screening and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of several mangrove species that grow on the coast of Lombok Island has been carried out. The method of isolation used is the Pikovskaya method. Screening and identification activities have obtained 5 isolates of mangrove rhizosphere bacteria (BRM) which are indicated by their ability to form clear zones on Pikovskaya media, namely isolates BRM1 and BRM4 (isolated from the rhizosphere of Avicennia marina), BRM2 and BRM3 (isolated from the rhizosphere of Rhizophora apicullata), BRM5 (isolated from the rhizosphere of R. stylosa). All rhizobacteria isolates were identified as Gram-positive bacteria. Molecular analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences of isolates with the genome database at GenBank (NCBI) using Mega 10 software, showed that all BRM isolates occupied the same cluster as bacterial species from the Genus Paenibacillus in the dendrogram of the phylogenetic tree, namely Paenibacillus sp. JWLB1 strain, Paenibacillus sp. Strain NO13, P. cineris strain cu1-7, P. favisporus strain CHP14, with genetic distance ranging from 1.3 to 1.4. Many species of the Genus Paenibacillus are currently known to play an important roles as plant growth-promoting bacteria. The BRM isolates obtained in this study can be further developed as a biofertilizer component (inoculant) in saline and dryland agriculture.
The Effect of Green Betel Leaves (Piper betle L.) Extract on Wounding Healing in Mice (Mus musculus L.) Nurul Atika Zar’ah; Syachruddin Syachruddin; Kusmiyati Kusmiyati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): Januari - April
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i1.2282

Abstract

Green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) contains secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins. Green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) is widely used for wound healing, especially in rural Indonesians. This study aims to determine the effect of green betel leaves extract (Piper betle L.) on wound healing in mice (Mus musculus L.). The samples were determined using a randomized block design (RBD) using mice (Mus musculus L.) which consisted of three treatment groups using a concentration of 20%, 30%, 40% and one control group. The Measure of the average diameter of the wound was using a ruler on each side of the diameter. The data measurement for the average diameter of wound restriction was analyzed by using the one way. The one way Anova test showed that the sig or p-value is 0.000 <0.05 (at the alpha level of 5%) so that Ho is rejected which indicates that there is an effect of giving green betel leaf extract (Piper betel L.) on wound healing in mice (Mus musculus L.). Based on the results of the LSD or LSD test, it shows that it is not significant / the same because the sig value is 0.074> 0.05, which means that no change occurs in mice when given 30% or 40% extract. Green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) has an effect on wound healing in mice (Mus musculus L.).  
Study of Composition and Composition of Macro Algae Habitat in the Intertidal Zone Water of Sibu Island, Nort Oba District Tidore Islands City Nort Maluku Sukmawati Djalil; Riyadi Subur; Rina Rina; Sunarti Sunarti; Yuyun Abubakar; Aryati A. Fadel; Adi Noman Susanto; Sarni Sarni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 21 No. 2 (2021): Mei - Agustus
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2582

Abstract

Macro algae is a part of marine plants whose whole body is called the "thallus". Macro algae are widespread in tropical and sub-tropical waters. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition of the macro algae species, the width of the micro-habitat niches, and the overlapping of the micro-habitat niches in the intertidal zone of the waters of Sibu Island, Oba Utara District, Tidore Islands City. The data was collected using survey method using belt transects and squares measuring 1x1 m2 which are placed systematically in zigzags along the tansek belt. In this study, 20 species of macro algae were found in the waters of the island of Sibu, consisting of Halimeda macroloba, Halimeada opuntia forma chordata, Halimeda incrassata, Halimeda opuntia forma renschii, Chaetamorpha sp, Eucheuma cottonii, Sargassum duplicatum, S.polycestum, Turbina ornata, T. conoides, Padina boergesenii, Dictyota dichotoma, Amphiroa fragilissima, Acanthopora spicifera, Eucheuma denticulatum, E. spinosum, Glacilaria salicornia, Hypnea nidulans, Galaxaura apiculata. The results of the analysis of the width of the recesses showed that the macro algae species with the largest recess width were Eucheuma denticulatum with a value of 0.905, while Galaxura apiculata had the narrowest recess widths with a value of 0.200. Furthermore, based on the results of overlapping analysis of microhabitat niches, it shows that the overlap of microbaitate niches is quite large by Sargassum polycestum against Galaxaura apiculata with a value of 0.337, while the lowest was carried out by Halimeda macroloba against Galaxaura apiculata, Halimeda opuntia forma chordata against Galaxaura apiculata with a value of 0.337, while the lowest was carried out by Halimeda macroloba against Galaxaura apiculata, Halimeda opuntia forma chordata against Galaxaura apiculata, Eucheuma spinosum against Galaxaura apiculata with a value of 0.000.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN KETAPANG (TERMINALIA CATTAPA) DAN RAGI TERHADAP PREVALENSI DAN INTENSITAS EKTOPARASIT PADA IKAN KARPER (CYPRINUS CARPIO) Dewi Nur’aeni Setyowati; Ni Kadek Puji Astuti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2020): Januari - April
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v20i1.1353

Abstract

Abstrak: Ikan karper merupakan ikan yang penting dalam memberi kontribusi terhadap akuakultur dunia. Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya ikan karper adalah penyakit Tanaman ketapang merupakan tanaman yang dapat berfungsi untuk medis. Penggunaan ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae dapat meningkatkan sistem imun. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun ketapang (Terminalia cattapa) dan ragi terhadap prevalensi dan intensitas ektoparasit pada ikan karper (Cyprinus carpio). Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan 4 perlakuan yaitu, P1 : daun ketapang 1,2 g/L; P2 : daun ketapang 1,2 g/L + 2,75 g ragi dalam 16 L air; P3 : daun ketapang 1,2 g/L + 5,5 g ragi dalam 16 L air; dan P4 : daun ketapang 1,2 g/l  + 11 g ragi dalam 16 L air. Data penelitian dianalisa dengan menggunakan analisa sidik ragam dan analisa regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ragi dan bubuk daun ketapang tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap prevalensi dan intensitas ektoparasit pada ikan karper. Berdasar hasil analisa regresi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bubuk daun ketapang dan ragi mampu meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup ikan karper. Kata kunci: ikan karper, ketapang, ragi, ektoparasitAbstract: Carp is an important fish in contributing to world culture. One of the obstacles in carp cultivation is the disease. Cattapa plants can function for medical purposes. The use of yeast can improve the immune system. The study aimed to determine the effect of cattapa leaf extract (Terminalia cattapa) and yeast on the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in carp (Cyprinus carpio). The study used an experimental method with 4 treatments, namely, P1: cattapa leaves 1.2 g / L; P2: cattapa leaves 1.2 g / L + 2.75 g yeast in 16 L water; P3: cattapa leaves 1.2 g / L + 5.5 g yeast in 16 L water; and P4: cattapa leaves 1.2 g / l + 11 g of yeast in 16 L of water. The research data was analyzed using variance analysis and linear regression analysis. The results showed that the addition of yeast and leaf powder of cattapa had no effect on the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in carp. Based on the results of the regression analysis, it was found that the filling of cattapa and yeast leaf powder was able to increase the survival of carp.Keywords: carp, cattapa, yeast, ectoparasite

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