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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,949 Documents
 271   272   273   274   275 
Microplastic Abundance and Characteristics in Digestive Tract of Fish Tongkol Euthynnus affinis from Coastal Area of Ampenan, Mataram Zoelvianti, Oktry; Zulkifli, Lalu; Syukur, Abdul; Karnan, Karnan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12148

Abstract

The rise in plastic usage in Indonesia has resulted in a buildup of plastic waste both on land and in water bodies. Because it does not break down easily due to the lack of microorganisms that can degrade it, plastic remains in the environment and pollutes various living beings. Thus, it is important to conduct studies on microplastic contamination to evaluate the safety of fish, which is a widely eaten source of food. This study aimed to determine the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) from the coastal waters of Ampenan Beach. Sampling was conducted using a random sampling method. Tuna samples were collected from fishermen along the Ampenan coast three times, totaling 30 fish. The analysis was conducted through sample preparation, oxidation of organic matter, filtration, and microscopic observation. The results showed that microplastics had accumulated in the digestive tract of the Euthynnus affinis, with an abundance of 2.3 MP/Ind. The most dominant type of microplastic found was fiber, accounting for 65% of the total sample, with black being the predominant color. Four types of microplastics were identified in the digestive tract: 65% fiber, 20% fragments, 10% film, and 5% granules.
Analysis of Distribution Patterns and Diversity of Dragonflies (Odonata) in Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park Fajriansyah, Khusnul; Artayasa, I Putu; Wirajagad, Gde Cahyadi; Ilhamdi, Mohammad Liwa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12158

Abstract

Dragonflies (Odonata) are bioindicators of environmental quality that are sensitive to changes in habitat conditions. This research aimed to analyze the dragonfly species found in the Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park, analyze their distribution patterns, and determine their diversity level. The research was conducted in three observation blocks, namely utilization, rehabilitation, and protection blocks. Sampling in this study was conducted using the line transect method with direct field observation. Distribution patterns were analyzed using the dispersion index, while diversity was measured using the Shannon–Wiener index (H’). The results showed that 18 dragonfly species belonging to 8 families were identified. The distribution patterns of dragonflies, both overall and within each block, tended to be clumped. The dragonfly diversity index (H’) in the Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park was 2.12, indicating that the ecosystem is relatively stable. In addition, damselflies (Zygoptera) were only found in the utilization block, which has water sources, and were absent in the rehabilitation and protection blocks. This finding suggests that abiotic and biotic environmental factors influence the presence and distribution of dragonflies in the study area. This research is expected to contribute scientific information to support enviromental management and conservation efforts in the Kerandangan Nature Tourism Park.
A Review of Tetraploidy Induction Using Oryzalin in Various Plant Species: Morphological and Anatomical Implications Velina Salsabil; Violita Violita; Annisa Putri Anggraini; Bella Nur Qamarani; Liza Febrianti; Nabila Sulaeman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.9915

Abstract

Polyploidy induction has emerged as a promising approach to improve plant traits through genetic and physiological modification. Oryzalin, a dinitroaniline herbicide, has been widelu recognized as an effective and less toxic alternative to colchicine for chromosome doubling in plants. This review aims to evaluate the effects of oryzalin-induced tetraploidy on the morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of several plant species, including Colocasia esculenta, Citrullus lanatus, Tectona grandis, and Humulus lupulus. This study employed a narrative review with a systematic literatur search approach by collecting and analyzing previous studies related to the morphological and cytological responses of oryzalin treatments. The results indicate that oryzalin effectively induced tetraploidy, characterized by enlarged stomata size, reduced stomatal density, and altered leaf morphology, although species-specific responses were observed. The optimal oryzalin concentrations varied among species: 30 μM for C. esculenta, 72.2 μM for C. lanatus, 7.5 μM for T. grandis, and 10 μM for H. lupulus. In conclusion, oryzalin demonstrates strong potential as a safe and efficient mutagen for polyploid induction, supporting its application in plant breeding and genetic improvement. Further studies are required to optimize exposure duration and assess long-term physiological stability of induced polyploids.
Effective Microorganisms Improve Nutrient Use Efficiency, Growth, and Yield of Inthanon Melon under Drip Hydroponic Ade Hilman Juhaeni; Yanto Yulianto; Leny Yuliyani; Alin Robiah Al Adawiah; Aslikh Lana Dina; Yudhi Arie Priyanto; Ikhsan Rafli Muharam
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10756

Abstract

Hydroponic cultivation of melon (Cucumis melo L.) Inthanon variety is a high-income potential product, especially in Tasikmalaya. Hydroponic offers an alternative modern agriculture that has high potential in land and water use efficiency. However, this system still faces challenges in nutrient use efficiency (NU) as well as the stability of plant growth and yield. This study aims to examine the effect of Effective Microorganisms (EM) application on nutrient use efficiency, growth, and yield of Inthanon melon in the hydroponic system. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 5 EM dose treatments (0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 ml/plant) and 5 replications. EM application was carried out by pouring it onto the growing medium/polybags according to the treatment dosage. Parameters observed included nutrient use efficiency, vegetative growth, and harvest yield. Based on the results, EM did not significantly affect the vegetative growth but rather affect generative growth, especially fruit weight in dose 450 ml/plant (P4). These results showed that EM can increase the yield of Inthanon melon variety.
Species Delimitation in the Genus Lepisorus (Polypodiaceae): Implications for Adaptation, Ecology, and Distribution on Evolutionary Diversification Violanda Aldila Rahayu; Mildawati Mildawati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11192

Abstract

The genus Lepisorus (Polypodiaceae) exhibits high morphological, ecological, and genetic diversity, often complicating species delimitation based on single lines of evidence. This study synthesized evidence on ecological adaptation, distribution patterns, and the genetic mechanisms underlying diversification in Lepisorus through a systematic review of primary articles published between 2015 and 2025, retrieved from major international databases. The results indicate close evolutionary relationships between Lepisorus waltonii and L. clathratus based on chloroplast genome data, while L. scolopendrium and L. bicolor exhibit pronounced ecological plasticity associated with habitat disturbance. Cytological variation, including diploid and tetraploid cytotypes within the L. clathratus complex, correlates with elevational distribution and environmental tolerance. Additionally, polyploidy and hybridization in L. nigripes and L. yamaokae contribute to the diversification of their lineages. These findings underscore the need for an integrative taxonomic approach that combines morphological, molecular, cytological, and ecological data to accurately delimit species in Lepisorus.
The Green Revolution in Gili Balu: Policy Convergence, Blue Economy, and Community Empowerment Jalaluddin Jalaluddin; Hayati Hayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.11309

Abstract

The Green Revolution has become a prominent policy framework for promoting sustainable development in Indonesia’s marine and fisheries sector. However, its implementation in small island regions often reveals a significant gap between policy objectives and local socio-ecological realities. This study aims to critically examine the convergence and tensions among the Green Revolution as a policy framework, the Blue Economy as a development model, and community empowerment as the ultimate goal of sustainable development in small island contexts. Using a qualitative approach, this study employs a Critical Narrative Review of 13 selected articles and policy documents, complemented by contextual reflections on Gili Balu, a small island cluster in West Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia. The analysis identifies three dominant themes: technocratic development approaches, community-based Blue Economy practices, and participatory empowerment. The findings indicate that while these concepts are theoretically complementary, their implementation is often constrained by weak local institutions, limited community authority, fragmented policy integration, and unequal access to resources. In Gili Balu, locally driven initiatives such as community-based tourism and marine resource conservation demonstrate the potential of adaptive and inclusive governance. The study concludes that sustainable transformation in small islands requires stronger integration between policy frameworks, local institutions, and community participation. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated analytical framework that connects Green Revolution, Blue Economy, and community empowerment to explain the dynamics of sustainable development in small island regions.
Estimated Greenhouse Gas Emissions from The Composting Process of Organic Waste in Karawang’s Urban Forest Hurrul'Ain Quinizza; Wilma Nurrul Adzillah; Gina Lova Sari
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11362

Abstract

The accumulation of organic waste in the form of leaves and branches that is not optimally managed in Karawang Regency has the potential to increase GHG emissions through the natural decomposition process. This study aims to estimate the amount of organic waste and GHG emissions generated from the management of leaves and twigs in the Karawang Urban Forest. The study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative approaches with purposive sampling of organic waste over eight days of observation, representing active waste management activities at the study site. GHG emissions were estimated using the 2006 IPCC Tier-1 guidelines due to limited local specific data, covering the waste sector (composting) and the energy sector (use of machinery and transportation). The results showed that the composting process produced relatively low GHG emissions compared to supporting activities, while the transportation sector was the largest contributor to emissions in the organic waste management system. These findings indicate that GHG emission mitigation strategies in organic waste management in urban areas need to focus on improving transportation and operational efficiency, accompanied by strengthening controlled aerobic composting practices to support more sustainable environmental management.
Induction of Agarwood (Aquilaria sp.) Shoots With Benzyl Adenine Purine in Vitro Dewi Yana; Mulyanti Mulyanti; Oktarisa Nurul Mukminin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11402

Abstract

The rising international demand for agarwood has led to excessive harvesting from natural populations, creating serious concerns regarding the sustainability of this valuable resource. Therefore, the development of efficient and sustainable propagation methods has become increasingly important. One promising approach is in vitro culture, which enables large-scale plant multiplication. Nevertheless, the response of agarwood explants to cytokinin treatments, especially Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), has not been clearly established. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of BAP on the formation of shoots and leaves in agarwood explants cultured under laboratory conditions. The experiment was conducted in 2008 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor was employed. Seven BAP concentrations were tested with seven replications, resulting in a total of 49 experimental units. The treatments consisted of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 mg L⁻¹ BAP added to Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium. Observations on growth responses were recorded for eight weeks after culture initiation. The results of statistical analysis indicated that the variation in BAP concentration did not significantly influence the number of shoots or leaves produced by the explants. However, descriptive observations showed that the medium containing 0.3 mg L⁻¹ BAP tended to support relatively better growth compared with the other treatments. These findings imply that the tested BAP levels were not sufficiently effective in significantly stimulating the in vitro growth of agarwood explants. The study provides additional insight into the cytokinin response of agarwood under tissue culture conditions and may serve as a reference for future optimization of culture media to improve large-scale propagation strategies.
Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Fungi in Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus Miq. Kurz) from Central Kalimantan Faridah Tsuraya; Rahayu Opi Anggoro; Adi Jaya; Siti Sunariyati; Febri Nur Ngazizah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11419

Abstract

Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus Miq. Kurz) is one of the typical woody plants that live in peat swamp forest ecosystems, especially in Central Kalimantan. Ramin plants have endophytic fungi that live in plant cells that can contaminate tissue culture propagation. In addition, endophytic fungi in ramin plants have not been widely studied, both in terms of characterization and potential. This study aimed to identify and analyze endophytic fungi residing in ramin plants. The methods used were media preparation and tool preparation, isolation of endophytic fungi, macro- and microscopic characterization of endophytic fungi, and data analysis. This study successfully isolated five endophytic fungi from G. bancanus plants, including 4 isolates (BR1, BR2, BR3, BR4) derived from stems and 1 isolate (BDR) derived from stems and leaves. The characters of these endophytic fungi are white and black in color, smooth and rough texture, and hyphae with and without hyphae (asepta). Endophytic fungi in ramin plants pose a challenge for propagating ramin tissue culture because they become contaminants. However, endophytic fungi certainly have their own benefits in the bodies of ramin plants and other potential benefits for humans. This research can serve as an initial study to determine the potential of endophytic fungi in ramin plants and to provide new information on handling contaminants in ramin plant tissue culture.
Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under Cadmium Sulfate (CdSO4) Heavy Metal Stress Mukarlina Mukarlina; Irwan Lovadi; Widdiya Ariyani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11461

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal soil pollutant that can be toxic to plants. This study investigated the response of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in peat soil exposed to different levels of Cd stress. Four concentrations of CdSO₄ (0, 20, 40, and 60 ppm) were applied using a completely randomized design with three replications. Growth performance was evaluated through plant height, leaf production, and fresh biomass, while Cd accumulation in plant tissues was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the application of heavy metal cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) in the planting media up to 60 ppm did not affect the plant height, number of leaves and wet weight of maize. Maize showed tolerance to cadmium stress, as the application of CdSO₄ up to 60 ppm. Cadmium was detected in both roots and shoots, with greater accumulation occurring in the roots. This pattern suggests that maize restricted Cd movement to aerial tissues, which may contribute to its tolerance under Cd exposure. The findings indicate that maize can maintain normal vegetative growth under moderate Cd stress in peat soil. Further research is needed to assess long-term effects and cadmium accumulation in plant tissues.

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