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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,695 Documents
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Rural Agricultural Development and Farmer Empowerment in North Lombok Within The National Policy Framewor Zainab, Zainab; Baharuddin, Baharuddin; Jalaluddin, Jalaluddin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11317

Abstract

Agricultural and rural development policies in Indonesia are strategically designed to promote food security, reduce rural poverty, and empower farmers. However, persistent gaps between national policy objectives and local implementation remain evident, particularly in peripheral and island regions such as North Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. This study aims to critically review agricultural and rural development policies in Indonesia by focusing on farmer empowerment within the framework of national policy implementation at the local level. This article employs a qualitative literature review method by systematically analyzing peer-reviewed journal articles, policy documents, and relevant reports published over the last decade. The review emphasizes theoretical perspectives on participatory rural development, the capability approach, and place-based policy to interpret policy dynamics and implementation outcomes. The results indicate that agricultural and rural development policies are largely normative and production-oriented, with limited adaptation to local socio-economic and agro-ecological contexts. Weak institutional capacity, fragmented policy coordination, and insufficient farmer participation have constrained the effectiveness of empowerment initiatives in North Lombok. The findings further highlight that farmer empowerment is more strongly influenced by institutional support and governance quality than by individual farmer characteristics alone. In conclusion, effective agricultural and rural development requires a contextual, participatory, and institutionally grounded policy approach. Strengthening local institutions, enhancing policy convergence across sectors, and adopting place-based development strategies are essential to improving farmer empowerment and rural economic resilience. It is recommended that future policies prioritize institutional strengthening and locally adaptive frameworks to ensure inclusive and sustainable agricultural and rural development.
Understorey Plant Diversity in Imbo Putui Customary Forest, Kampar Regency, Riau Syifa, Syaiful; Pebriandi, Pebriandi; Darlis, Viny Volcherina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11369

Abstract

The Imbo Putui Customary Forest is an ecosystem that plays an important ecological role as a provider of environmental services and habitat for tropical biodiversity. This study analyzes the diversity of understory plants in the Imbo Putui Customary Forest using a descriptive quantitative research design. Data collection was carried out using a 100 × 20 m main plot combined with 2 × 2 m subplots as sampling units for understory vegetation. The results of this study show that there are 29 plant species belonging to 18 families, originating from 4 habits: herbaceous, shrub, grass, and shrub, and three families were found to be abundant, namely Poaceae, Arecaceae, and Asteraceae. The results showed that the understory plant community consisted of various growth forms, with herbaceous plants showing the highest level of diversity, while shrubs showed the lowest level of diversity. Overall, the level of diversity indicates that the forest ecosystem is in relatively good ecological condition. These findings confirm the ecological stability of the Imbo Putui Customary Forest and emphasize the importance of sustainable conservation and management efforts to maintain ecosystem balance and provide benefits to indigenous communities.
Analysis of Arsenic and Chromium Content and Pollution Index in Rice Fields in Tempuran Subdistrict, Karawang Regency Mila, Zhafira Izzatul; Sari, Gina Lova; Adzillah, Ing. Willma Nurrul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11420

Abstract

Heavy metals are one of the most dangerous pollutants because they are non-degradable. This study aims to analyze the content of arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) and evaluate the level of pollution in rice field soil in Tempuran Subdistrict, Karawang Regency. Soil samples were taken in 14 villages, with 10 points taken in each village using purposive sampling. Laboratory analysis was conducted to determine the As and Cr content in the rice field soil, and then calculate the heavy metal pollution index value. The results of this study show that the concentration of As, a heavy metal, is still below the quality standard, while Cr varies in each village. Based on the calculation of the pollution index using the Contamination Factor (Cf), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Ecological Risk Index (Re), Ecological Risk Potential Index (RI), and Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), it was found that the rice fields in Tempuran Subdistrict were categorized as unpolluted to polluted in several villages. The results of mapping with ArcGIS to determine the distribution of heavy metals show that the Ar levels in all research locations are relatively uniform and are displayed in green, indicating that the values are below the quality standards. In contrast, chromium is displayed in shades of light brown to dark brown, reflecting variations in levels in each village, where some areas are below the quality standards, and others exceed the specified thresholds.
Analysis of the Pollution Index of Cadmium and Lead in Paddy Fields in Tempuran Subdistrict, Karawang Regency Nugroho, Alfan Adhi; Sari, Gina Lova; Adzillah, Wilma Nurrul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11426

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils has become an increasing environmental concern due to its potential impact on food safety and ecosystem sustainability. This study aims to analyze the concentration and contamination levels of heavy metals Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in paddy fields located in Tempuran District, Karawang Regency. This region is one of the national rice production centers and is vulnerable to heavy metal accumulation due to intensive use of fertilizers and pesticides. The research was conducted in 14 villages, with disturbed soil samples collected for heavy metal and texture analysis, and undisturbed soil samples collected for porosity and permeability analysis. The main parameters analyzed were Cd and Pb concentrations using the ICP-OES method based on SNI 8910:2021. In addition, the pipette method was used for soil texture analysis; bulk and particle densities were used for porosity calculation; and the percolation method was used to measure permeability. Secondary data included the frequency of fertilizer and pesticide application, land use, age, and harvest periods. Results showed that Cd and Pb concentrations at all sampling locations remained below the threshold limits set by quality standards. Pollution assessment using the Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), and Ecological Risk Index (Er) indicated that paddy fields in Tempuran District are categorized as uncontaminated to very low risk.
Correlation Between Cholinesterase Enzyme Levels and Leukocyte Differential Count in Farmers Exposed to Pesticides Purnomo, Rochmad Agung; Kalista, Alya Sabrina Putri; Nurriani, Ameilisa Eka; Wulandhari, Septiani Tri; Lestari, Mastuti Widi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11467

Abstract

Pesticide exposure in farmers has the potential to cause health problems, one of which indicated by decreased cholinesterase enzyme levels and changes in the leukocyte profile as part of the immune response. This study aimed to determine the correlation between cholinesterase enzyme levels and leukocyte differential count, including eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, among vegetable farmers exposed to pesticides in Matesih Village, Matesih District. The study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 29 male vegetable farmers, from which 22 respondents were selected via purposive sampling based on specific inclusion criteria. Cholinesterase enzyme levels were measured using the Cobas Integra 400 Plus photometric method, while leukocyte differential counts were analyzed flow cytometry with tri-angle laser scatter on the Mindray BC-5130 hematology analyzer. Data analysis was performed using Pearson and Spearman correlation tests adjusted to the distribution of the study data. The results showed that most respondents had cholinesterase enzyme levels that were still within the normal range. The correlation analysis indicated no significant correlation between cholinesterase enzyme levels and leukocyte differential count (eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, or neutrophils) (p > 0.05).
Growth Response of Golden Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Allisha F1 Variety to Different Planting Media Combinations Saragih, Tasya Yolanda; Asnur, Paranita; Azmi, Tubagus Kiki Kawakibi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11468

Abstract

Golden melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a horticultural commodity with considerable economic potential, yet its production has not reached optimal levels. Improving the composition of the growing medium represents one practical approach to enhance cultivation performance. This study examined the growth response of the Allisha F1 golden melon variety under different growing medium combinations. The experiment took place from January to May 2025 using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with one factor and five replications. Two media formulations were evaluated: medium A (soil, trichocompost, husk charcoal, and goat manure) and medium B (soil, cow manure, dolomite, and NPK fertilizer). Measured parameters included plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, leaf area, flowering time, and flower count. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a 5% Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The findings showed that the composition of the growing medium significantly affected golden melon growth. Medium B supported stronger early vegetative development, while medium A tended to increase flower production. Accordingly, medium B is recommended to stimulate early vegetative growth, which may positively influence subsequent developmental stages.
Contribution of Trichoderma asperellum Formula Based on Red Sticky Rice to The Vegetative Growth of Rice Putri, Annisya; Anhar, Azwir; Advinda, Linda; Ade, Filza Yulina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11488

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a strategic food commodity in Indonesia, with demand continuing to rise in line with population growth. Efforts to increase rice production through intensification often rely on the use of inorganic fertilizers, which have a negative impact on soil fertility. One alternative to reduce this dependence is the use of microbial-based biofertilizers, such as Trichoderma asperellum, which plays a role in improving nutrient uptake and plant growth. However, the formulation of T. asperellum in conventional media such as PDA is still ineffective in the field due to its relatively high cost. This study was conducted to examine the contribution of a red glutinous rice-based T. asperellum formula with the addition of ecoenzyme to the vegetative growth of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.). The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments of formula composition and NPK fertilizer and five replicates. The parameters observed included plant height and number of tillers at 3, 5, and 7 weeks after planting (WAP). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test at a 5% level. The results showed that the treatments had a significant effect on the vegetative growth of rice. Treatment P3 (60% formula + 40% NPK) produced the highest plant height (131.43 cm) at 7 weeks after planting, while treatment P2 (80% formula + 20% NPK) produced the highest number of tillers (60.33 tillers per clump) in the fifth week. These findings indicate a synergy between the biological activity of T. asperellum and NPK fertilizer, as well as the potential for reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers without decreasing the vegetative growth of rice.
A Review on Talas Beneng (Xanthosoma undipes K. Koch) and Its Role in Food Security Rahmawati, Gisti; Shofwa, Fakhera; Kurniasih, Siti Ameilia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11503

Abstract

Talas beneng (Xanthosoma undipes K. Koch), a tuber crop originating from Pandeglang Regency, Banten, represents a promising staple carbohydrate alternative. This literature review aims to examine the potential of talas beneng as a locally based food resource in supporting food diversification and food security. This study employed a narrative literature review with a structured search approach to evaluate the potential of talas beneng as a locally based food resource. Relevant scientific publications published between 2001 and 2025 were identified through databases such as Google Scholar and national journal portals, and were selected based on their relevance to nutritional characteristics, agronomic performance, and processing potential. The findings indicate that talas beneng has high nutritional value, including dietary fiber, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, along with a low glycemic index of approximately 55%. Agronomically, talas beneng grows well in mountainous areas, exhibits resistance to pests and diseases, and produces high tuber yields. Moreover, talas beneng can be processed into various food products, such as flour, snacks, and bakery products, thereby enhancing its utilization and economic value. Overall, the reviewed literature suggests that talas beneng holds strong potential as a local food resource and could play a strategic role in supporting sustainable food security when accompanied by further research, community education, institutional collaboration, and improved access to processing technologies.
The Monitoring Photography and its Obstacles in Invertebrate Taxonomic Studies in Sumatra: A Case Study of Dragonflies (Odonata) and Water Mites (Acari) Satria, Rijal; Berliani, Nela; Pratama, Sandi Fransisco
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11536

Abstract

The use of photographic methods has become an alternative approach for monitoring the diversity of invertebrate species. However, this method has inherent limitations when applied to taxonomic studies. The present study aims to discuss the future challenges in the application of photographic methods and taxonomic study of invertebrates, in the case of dragonflies and water mites. This study is descriptive study, and the data collected by using photographic methods. The result of this study is collected six species, six genera and five families of dragonflies in the river of Guguak, Kayu Tanam Sub-district, Padang Pariaman District. However, we also found the water mites in certain species, then discussed its taxonomical problems. We concluded that the application of photographic methods may affect the quality of research outcomes, particularly in studies of invertebrate animals.
Morphological Characteristics of Coral Reefs in the Marine Waters of South Buton Regency Kusrini, Kusrini; Aba, La; Jumiati, Jumiati; Nurdianingsih, Neneng
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11542

Abstract

Coral reef ecosystems represent one of the most diverse marine systems and play a fundamental role in maintaining the ecological stability of coastal environments. Despite their importance, detailed information on coral species composition and morphological characteristics in many Indonesian coastal areas remains limited, including in the Bahari waters of Sampolawa District, South Buton Regency. This study aimed to examine coral species composition, analyze their distribution across different substrate types, and interpret the ecological implications of their morphological characteristics. Field surveys using a descriptive–exploratory approach. Data were collected through the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method along a 50 m transect line in shallow intertidal waters. Coral colonies intersecting the transect were documented and identified based on morphological traits using the Coral Finder Toolkit Indo-Pacific 3.0. The results recorded a total of 10 coral species belonging to five families: Acroporidae (50%), Agariciidae (20%), and Fungiidae, Leptastreidae, and Merulinidae (each 10%). Species distribution varied across substrate types, with rocky sand supporting the highest species richness (70%), followed by sandy substrates (50%), while seagrass–sand substrates supported only a limited number of species (10%). The dominance of branching corals, particularly from the genus Acropora, indicates environmental conditions characterized by high light availability and relatively stable substrates, while the occurrence of solitary forms such as Fungia reflects adaptive strategies to unstable sedimentary environments. These findings highlight a clear relationship between coral morphology, substrate stability, and environmental dynamics in intertidal reef systems. This study provides baseline ecological information on coral composition and morphology in the Bahari coastal waters and emphasizes the importance of substrate characteristics in shaping coral community structure. The results can support future coastal management and coral reef conservation strategies in South Buton Regency.

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