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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Potential of Forest Bird Diversity and Abundance in Tretes Waterfall, Wonosalam as an Avitourism Location Muhammad Zahrudin Afnan; Monica Salma Fitriandini; Mahendra Ekalukmana Firmansyah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3152

Abstract

Tretes Waterfall is an avitourism area because it is located in the Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park area. The diversity of bird species is very abundant there, especially forest birds. The diversity and abundance of birds are influenced by the condition of the forest which is still beautiful and the availability of various types of trees and other living things as a source of food for a bird. The purpose of this research To analyze the potential diversity and abundance of forest birds in Tretes waterfall, Wonosalam as an avitourism location and Analyzing the carrying capacity of management as Tretes Waterfall, Wonosalam, an avitourism location. The study was carried out from June to September 2021. The method used is the IPA (Index Point of Abudance) method, namely bird data collection is carried out at a certain time where there are 4 observation points and the rapid assessment method. The species of birds found in Tretes Waterfall, Wonosalam were 45 species with the abundance value of bird species at the observation point of residential residents categorized as general. While the abundance of bird species at the observation points of post 1, post 2, and waterfalls is in the frequent category (2.1-10,0). Tretes Waterfall has the potential to be developed as an avitourism area. More in-depth research can be carried out to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of birds in Tretes Waterfall so that avitourism is easier to develop.
The Local Knowledge of Medicinal Plants by The Tanjung Merpati Village Community for The Postpartum and Infant Care Yeni Mariani; Fathul Yusro; Evy Wardenaar; Yuliati Indrayani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3156

Abstract

Women often experience various health problems with their reproductive organs. They also have to take several treatments during postpartum and infant care. In the community, these treatments generally use medicinal plants and become local knowledge. This study aimed to document the local knowledge of Tanjung Merpati Village community in using medicinal plants for postpartum and infant care. We interviewed a total of 96 respondents, who are the general public in Tanjung Merpati Village. The data obtained were analyzed in the form of use-value (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL). The analysis results showed 22 species of medicinal plants used for postpartum and infant care. Plants such as kunyit kuning (Curcuma longa), cokur (Kaemperia galanga), entomu (Curcuma xanthorriza), and ginger (Zingiber officinale) have the highest UV values with values respectively (1; 0.96; 0.84 and 0.8). Baby haircare shows the highest ICF value. Several plants have the highest FL value (100), namely manjakani (Quercus infectoria) and asam kanis (Garcinia xanthochymus) (postnatal maternal care), ayau (Litsea sp) (baby poultice), kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus), and coconut (Cocos nucifera) (fever in infants), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) (treatment of baby's umbilical wound), lidah buaya (Aloe vera) (baby haircare), mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) (stomachache and bloating in infants), as well as pisang (Musa sp) and cangkok manis (Sauropus androgynus) (enhance mother breast milk). Conclusions from the results of the study indicate that the people of Tanjung Merpati Village have local knowledge regarding postpartum and infant care, and this knowledge is still well maintained in the community.
Effect of Calcium Carbonate Addition on The Growth and Feed Conversion Ratio of Gourami (Osphronemus goramy) Seed Dewi Nur'aeni Setyowati; Anita Prihatini Ilyas; Awan Dermawan; Sanca Rahmatullah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3211

Abstract

Gourami is one of the main freshwater fish commodities which has a high economic value. One of the efforts that can be made to increase the productivity of gourami is the provision of macromineral in the form of calcium carbonate (CaCo3). This study aimed to determine the effect of calcium on productivity that would be seen through the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of gourami seed. The study consisted of five doses of calcium carbonate, each of which was repeated three times. As for treating the doses of calcium carbonate, including 1 (0 mg / L CaCO3), 2 (150 mg / L CaCO3), 3 (200 mg / L CaCO3), 4 (250 mg / L) CaCO3) and 5 (300 mg / L CaCO3). The maintenance medium is added with a salinity of 3 ppt in order to save metabolic energy through an osmoregulation mechanism so that the available energy is expected to be used to increase growth. The result or absolute weight growth was not significantly different based on the analysis of variance and linier regression analysis. The analysis of variance showed that no significant different for survival rate of all treatments. The value of feed  conversion ratio was not significantly different based on analysis of variance and linier regression analysis. Addition of calcium carbonate did not give significant difference in the absolute weight growth, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio of gourami seed.
Species Richness of Arboreal Beetle in Suranadi Nature Park Area and Its Potential as a Source of Science Learning in Elementary Schools Mohammad Liwa Ilhamdi; Muhammad Syazali
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3225

Abstract

The beetle data in Suranadi Nature Park is still limited to species that move on the ground. This study aims to analyze: (1) the species richness of the arboreal beetle, and (2) its potential as a science learning resource in elementary schools. This type of research is descriptive research using a qualitative approach. Sampling was carried out on the type of habitat in Suranadi Nature Park, namely the forest area with rice fields and residential areas, air flow and the middle with a dense canopy. The collected samples were identified to determine the species. The richness of this species data is then analyzed qualitatively to determine its potential as a source of science learning in elementary schools. This is done by comparing the species richness data of beetles and elementary thematic books, then the topics are assessed according to their level. The results showed that the species richness of arboreal beetles in Suranadi Nature Park consisted of 19 species from 5 families. The species are Lema sp., Aulacophora similis, Aulacophora quadrimaculata, Aulocophora sp.1, Aulocophora sp.2, Aulocophora sp.3, Aulocophora sp.4, Aulocophora sp.5 Parchicola sp., Podontia sp., Altica cyanea and Lilioceris sp. (family Chrysomelidae), Mimela sp., Mimela langbianica (Rutelidae), Exopholis hypoleuca, Ontophagus taurus, Protaetia fruhstorferi (Scarabaeidae) and Leptura sp. (family Cerambycidae). This arboreal beetle species data may be used as a source for elementary science learning on 33 sub-themes. Of this number, there are two sub-themes that have very appropriate categories, namely Sub-theme 2 The diversity of living things in my environment and Sub-theme 1 Components of the ecosystem.
The Effect of Lemongrass Stem (Cymbopogon citratus) and Salam Leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) Ethanol Extracts on The Number of Bactrocera Fruit Flies Catches Yunisa Sucitra; Syamsul Bahri; I Putu Artayasa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3237

Abstract

Bactrocera fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the important pests in horticulture which is very detrimental. Lemongrass stems and salam leaves are be able used as vegetable attractants in controlling fruit fly pests. This study aimed to determine the effect of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and salam leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) ethanol extract and their mixtures on the number of catches of Bactrocera fruit flies and to determine the effect of the concentration of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and salam leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) ethanol extract and their mixtures on the number of catches of Bactrocera sp. The experimental design used in this research was a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The collected data were analyzed by F test two-way analysis at 95% significance level, followed by Honest Significant Difference Test (HSD) at 95% significance level. The results showed that the use of traps containing ethanol extracts of lemongrass stems and salam leaves and a mixture of the two had succeeded in catching two strains of fruit flies, namely Bactrocera albistrigata (97 individuals) and Bactrocera carambolae (32 individuals), while traps without these extracts failed to catch Bactrocera fruit flies. It is concluded the treatment of lemongrass stems (Cymbopogon citratus) and salam leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) ethanol extract, and their mixtures significantly effect on the number of Bactrocera fruit fly catches, while the treatment with different ethanol extract concentrations of 35%, 45%, and 55% has no significantly effect on the number of Bactrocera fruit fly catches.
Impact of the time of returning soil fertility in the fallow land of Arfak Tribe in West Papua Heru Joko Budirianto; Insar Damopolii
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3238

Abstract

The Papuan people turn their unproductive land into fallow land. The length of the fallow period needs to be studied to identify its effect on the fertility status of the former plantation land. This study aimed to identify the fertility of the former Arfak tribal gardens based on different fallow periods. This research was conducted in Ayambori Village (two types of land, namely Active Gardens (AK) and ten-year-old fallow land (Br1)), and Bremi (three types of land, namely former cocoa plantations (Br2), primary forest (Br3), and coastal fallow land (Br4)) Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. Soil samples were taken in each ex-garden land using a soil drill with a depth of 0-20 cm. Soil analysis was carried out at Laboratory. The elements analyzed included pH, Organic C, total N, C/N ratio, available P2O5, potential P2O5, potential K2O, Ca, Mg, K, Na, CEC, KB, Fraction, and soil texture class. The results showed that Br1, Br2, and Br3 fields showed moderate fertility status. On the other hand, AK1 and Br4 fields showed low fertility status. The research concluded that land age did not affect soil fertility status. Soil texture impacts soil fertility, where clay is better than sandy. Further research can examine the influence of microbes on soil fertility in fallow land.
The Comparison of Hemoglobin Levels, Blood Oxygen Saturation, and Breaths Frequency on The Lowlander and Highlander Syamsul Bahri; Lalu Hasan Nasirudin Zohri; Istiqomah Istiqomah; M. Y. Yusuf; Hendra S. Putra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3240

Abstract

Geographical conditions affect human physical and physiological conditions, one of the examples is the height of residence that can make the respiratory system different among population groups. This study aims to compare the respiratory system between highlanders and lowlanders in terms of hemoglobin levels, blood oxygen saturation, and breaths frequency. The research model used was a comparative study with a purposive sampling method based on: age criteria with a range of 16-19 years, a minimum of 6 months stayed at the research location, and there is no recorded respiratory system disease. Data analysis used was independent t-test with Shapiro-Wilk prerequisite test for normality and one-way ANOVA for homogeneity, then Mann-Whitney test for follow-up non-parametric test. The results showed that the highlanders generally have oxygen saturation and hemoglobin levels with an average value of 98.81% and 14.69g/dL higher than those in the lowlands with a value of 97.86% and 13.14g/dL. On the other hand, the average value of breath frequency of highlanders is 17.38/minute which tends to be lower than that of lowlanders with 24.17/minute. The prerequisite test showed highlanders oxygen saturation data that were not normally distributed with a significance value of 0.003, then oxygen saturation data and breath frequency were not homogeneous with a significance value of 0.000 and 0.003 respectively. The comparative test showed a significance value of 0.002 for hemoglobin through independent t-test, then obtained asymptomatic significance values ​​of 0.004 and 0.000 for oxygen saturation and breaths frequency through the Mann-Whitney test. Based on the significance value obtained, it can be stated that there are significant differences in hemoglobin levels, oxygen saturation, and breaths frequency per minute between highland and lowland residents. It is recommended to conduct further research on lung capacity and chest cavity index to provide a more holistic explanation of the differences in the respiratory system between highland and lowland residents.
Phytochemical test of several eco-handsanitizer candidates Ratna Dewi Eskundari; Tri Wiharti; Nur Rokhimah Hanik; Fety Fatimah; Umi Salamah; Antik Murwani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3258

Abstract

Ecoenzymes are natural ingredients formed from the fermentation of fruit and or vegetable residues that have many benefits. One of the benefits of ecoenzymes is that they can be used as eco-handsanitizers; which can be used as a candidate for handsanitizer for those who are allergic to alcohol-based handsanitizer. This study aims to determine the pH, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal content of the candidate eco-handsanitizer solution through alkaloid, flavonoid, and saponin test, also fungal-inhibition test. The candidate eco-handsanitizer solution was made from an ecoenzyme solution derived from fruit or vegetable residue and added with aloe vera gel and vitamin C or E. The results showed that eco-handsanitizer candidate solution derived from ecoenzyme solution with a dilution of 1:500 or 1:4 and added with aloe vera and vitamin E had a pH that tends to be acidic after 5 weeks of manufacture. The candidate eco-handsanitizer solution contained alkaloid compounds up to 2nd week for 1:500 dilution or up to 5th week for 1:4. Fungal test also showed positive results of one of the treatments in inhibiting fungal growth until the 11th day. These results were expected to be used as guidelines for further research, such as quantitative and qualitative tests for more sensitive alkaloids, for example using GC-MS. 
Diversity of Annelida Worm as a Bioindicator of Water Quality in Unus Estuary, Mataram Lombok Husnayati Hartini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3262

Abstract

Condition of river is strongly influenced by the characteristics and the surrounding environment. Unus River is one of the rivers in Mataram City that flows throughout the year. The flow of the Unus River is used by residents for irrigation purposes, household waste disposal, market waste, industrial waste and so on. The purpose of this study was to determine annelida diversity index and to determine chemical and physical conditions of waters. The study was conducted by dividing into 10 stations by stratified random sampling. Physical and chemical parameters measured were pH, temperature, DO, BOD, C Organic, depth and turbidity. Data analysis is descriptively. The results showed that 6 species found in the estuary of Unus such as Tubifex sp, Branchiura sp, Nereis sp, Lumbriculus sp, Capitella sp and Halobdella sp. Ecosystem conditions are not balanced and there is a tendency to high ecological pressure. Physical and chemistry waters quality are still below the quality standard but there is a tendency DO deficit at each station.
Overview of The Ethnobotany on The Use of Plants as Potential Botanical Pesticides in Indonesia Whisnu Febry Afrianto; Rivandi Pranandita Putra; Yasri Syarifatul Aini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3266

Abstract

Ethnobotany of Indonesian communities utilizes plants as botanical pesticides. Recently, there has been no comprehensive data and information related to the ethnobotany of plants as potential botanical pesticides on a nationwide scale. This paper aimed to depict an overview of ethnobotany as botanical pesticides in Indonesia. The comprehensive literature was collected from the 29 published articles and theses (doctoral, master's, and bachelor's degrees) in English and Bahasa Indonesia. After the data was validated, only 27 papers were related to the study topic. Most literature data is from the western part of Indonesia (Oriental Realm): Java (n=10); followed by Kalimantan (n=7), and Sumatra (n=4). The results showed that 149 plant species were used as botanical pesticides. It consists of 130 species as an insecticide, 12 as a fungicide, 8 as a bactericide, 8 as a molluscicide, 3 as a rodenticide, and 2 as a nematicide. These species were dominated by the Compositae family (14 species) and plant parts used from leaf parts (38.9%). However, 11 species have two to four functions: Archidendron pauciflorum, Areca catechu, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Caryota mitis, Cerbera manghas, Jatropha curcas, Melia azedarach, Morinda citrifolia, Pangium edule, Piper betle, and Piper ningrum. The data of ethnobotany can be used as database information for further research regarding the bioprospecting, formulation, efficacy, and conservation for sustainable use. Furthermore, the development of botanical pesticides is also an alternative to reduce synthetic/chemical pesticides to provide sustainable agriculture.

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