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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Analysis of Cyanide (CN) in Seagrass as a Bioindicator in Sekotong West Lombok Alwani Alwani; Agil Al Idrus; M. Yamin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3271

Abstract

Seagrass is one of the aquatic plants that can be used as a bioindicator in the waters. This research aims to determine the morphological structure of seagrass as bioindicators and the amount of cyanide content in seagrass plants in the waters of Sekotong, West Lombok. This research was conducted in July - August 2021 at Pewaringan Beach, Sekotong, West Lombok. Determination of the sample point is done by purposive sampling. Data were collected using line transect method simple random sampling  at three points. Data analysis was carried out on seagrass plants with complete roots, stems, and leaves using a spectrophotometer at BLKPK NTB Province. The results showed that the characteristics of seagrass in the three research locations had a slightly muddy sandy substrate and slightly sandy muddy, an average leaf  length of 21.5 cm, an average leaf  width of 1.10 cm, an average stem length of 9.4 cm, diameter the average stem is 0.74 cm, the average root length is 7.29 and the average root diameter is 0.25 cm. The ANOVA test showed that the significant value was <0.05, so there was a significant difference in the morphology of the seagrass. The cyanide content in the waters of Pewaringan Beach was found to be on average 12,341 mg/kg or 0.495 mg/L. According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 57 of 2016 the standard cyanide content in waters is 0.5 mg/L. So that the cyanide content in the waters of Pewaringan Beach is still within safe limits.
Curcuma longa as a Natural Immunomodulator for Preventing infection from COVID 19 With an In Silico Approach Lely Mauliana; Ahmad Shobrun Jamil; Siti Rofida
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3281

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is a Coronaviridae virus with a single-stranded RNA genome. This virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly, with mutations occurring at a rapid pace. Various preventive actions have been implemented to prevent the spread of Covid-19 instances. The World Health Organization recommended that everyone clean their hands, masks, and other items in their environment on a frequent basis. As a result of these measures, the virus's transmission will be slowed. Furthermore, keeping one's immune system is critical for limiting the spread of Covid-19. As a result of a weakening immune system, our body's defenses will deteriorate, making us more susceptible to sickness and unable to fight diseases caused by viruses or bacteria. If the immune system is strong, it will recognize and kill viral and bacterial compounds when they are exposed. Immunomodulators, such as natural vitamins and herbs, can help maintain and boost immunity. Indonesia is primarily a farming country. In Indonesia, many different varieties of plants can be grown. Turmeric is an Indonesian medicinal plant that may be found all across the country. Turmeric's ability to act as an immunomodulator has also been proven. As a result, the goal of this study is to determine the usefulness of the active chemicals found in the Curcuma longa plant as a natural immunomodulator in order to avoid mutations of the COVID 19 variation by looking at the background of the current situation. The approach employed in this study is an in silico Molecular Docking test, with the goal of determining the active side of the drug and the value of Binding Affinity from the Docking data. Tissue Pharmacology is used to depict the protein network found in turmeric plants, as well as the substances and diseases that are linked to these proteins. According to the findings, the compound quercetin acts as a ligand for the PIK3CG protein and has a high binding affinity of -7.4. As a result, it can be identified as a substance that acts as a natural immunomodulator in turmeric plants.
Difference Long Irradiation on The Growth Rate of Kappaphycus Alvarezii Lulu Lutfiati; Nunik Cokrowati; Fariq Azhar
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3292

Abstract

The study aimed to find out the long-standing difference in irradiation to the growth rate of Kappaphycus alvarezii in controlled containers. The method used is experimental. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) using four (4) treatments with 3 repeats, namely the treatment of P1 control (without irradiation), P2 (8 hours of irradiation), P3 (10-hour irradiation), P4 (12-hour irradiation). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a rate of 5% with a confidence interval of 95% and continued with the Duncan test. In this study, the average results of absolute weight and the highest specific daily growth rate at P4 treatment of 25.67±1.53 gr, 3.30±0.06%, followed by P3 treatment 21±2 gr, 3.11±0.09%, P2 treatment 16±1 gr, 2.87±0.06%, and lowest P1 treatment 12.33±2.08 gr, 2.63±0.15%. The average value of light intensity in each treatment is P1 1053±41.00 lux, P2 1256±27.71 lux, P3 1479±0.58 lux, and P4 1668±34.64 lux. Water quality parameters during maintenance are in the normal limit range for seaweed maintenance. D treatment produces the highest growth value this is because the light is an energy source in the process of photosynthesis, in chlorophyll plants, photosynthesis is the main process determining the rate of growth. The quality and amount of light that enters affects the growth of seaweed. This research concluded that the maintenance of Kappaphycus alvarezii in controlled containers with different irradiation had a significant effect on growth. 12 hours irradiation (P4) gave the best growth with an absolute weight of 16.00 g, and a specific growth rate of 4.06% per day and gave the highest chlorophyll-a value of 2.72 mg/l. Meanwhile, the highest phycoerythrin value was found in (P1) without irradiation, which was 4.58 mg/l.
Durio zibethinus Murr Extracts as Potential Larvacide Against Anopheles aconitus Donitz and Anopheles maculatus Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae) Silvia Hanna Kusuma Sirait; Insar Damopolii; Regina Valentine Aydalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3313

Abstract

Malaria is endemic in most parts of Indonesia. Anopheles aconitus and Anopheles maculatus are examples of dominant malaria vectors in Indonesia. Plant secondary metabolites can be used as malaria vector control that is safe for the ecosystem, one of which is Durio zibethinus leaves which are thought to have active compounds so that they can be used as botanical larvicides. This study aimed to determine the potency of D. zibethinus leaf extract against An. aconitus and An. maculatus and to determine the concentration, type of extract and content of secondary metabolites of D. zibethinus leaves. Determination of LC50 and LC90 using probit analysis. Maceration and remaceration were used to produce the extract and phytochemical screening to determine the active compound of D. zibethinus. The WHO insecticide bioassay testing procedure was used for the larvicide test. Ethanol extract of D. zibethinus leaf as a larvicide for An. aconitus second and third instar and larvae of An. maculatus second and third instar had LC50 ​​respectively: 480; 520; 510; and 540 ppm and LC90 respectively: 750; 760; 760; and 810 ppm. D. zibethinus leaf aqueous extract as larvicides against larvae of An. aconitus second and third instar and larvae of An. maculatus second and third instar had LC50 values ​​respectively 14,500; 16,400; 22,100; and 23,300 ppm and LC90 respectively, 26,100; 27,200; 30,600; and 33,700 ppm. Ethanol extract of D. zibethinus leaves was more effective as a larvicide. Alkaloid, saponins and tannins were found in the leaves of D. zibethinus through phytochemical screening.
Potential of Ideonella sakaiensis bacteria in Degrading Plastic Waste Type Polyethylene Terephthalate Sherina Juliana; Mia Parhusip; Argoby Simanullang; Elisabeth Tita; Wahyu Irawati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3321

Abstract

Polyethylene terephathalate (PET) is a type of plastic content that is commonly is difficult to degrade so that it has an impact on global environmental problems. Plastic waste pollution needs to be overcome by using environmentally friendly methods to accelerate the PET plastic biodegradation process. Biodegradation is the use of microorganism activity to decompose plastic compounds so as to reduce the volume of waste. Ideonella sakaiensis is a bacterium that produces PETase enzymes that play a role in degrading PET. This literature review aims to determine the potential of Ideonella sakaiensis encoding the PETase gene in degrading polyethylene terephathalate plastic waste by discussing three focus studies, namely: 1) the potential of Ideonella sakaiensis, 2) the characteristics of polyethylene terephathalate plastic waste, 3) the relationship between the PETase coding gene and the degradation of polyethylene plastic waste terephathalate. Biodegradation of plastic waste Polyethylene terephathalate using Ideonella sakaiensis which has the potential to degrade PET faster with the PETase enzyme. The biodegradation mechanism carried out involves the process of transforming the PETase coding gene from I. sakaiensis to Escherichia coli bacteria influenced by pH and the effectiveness of the PETase enzyme work until the use of harvested products interacts with Polyethylene terephathalate plastic waste, which decomposes plastic waste. 
Utilization of Bioflok on Vaname Shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) Cultivation Sudirto Malan; M. Abjan Fabanjo
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3330

Abstract

Vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation is a promising business. Biofloc technology is an alternative to solve the problem of intensive aquaculture waste. Biofloc technology is able to provide additional protein feed for cultivated animals so that it can increase growth, besides that this technology is also effective in reducing inorganic nitrogen waste from leftover feed and manure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different doses of biofloc on the growth rate of Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and the effect of different doses of biofloc on the survival of Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The method used is the experimental method. Experiments carried out in this study were to determine the effect of biofloc with different doses on the growth rate of white shrimp. The study design was a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications, treatment A (commercial feeding without the addition of biofloc), treatment B (giving commercial feed with the addition of 15 mL of biofloc) C (feeding commercially with the addition of 20 mL of biofloc). ) and D (addition of 20 mL of biofloc without commercial feeding). Vaname shrimp seed stocking density for each treatment amounted to 15 fish/container. The application of biofloc had a significant effect on the growth rate of daily specific average weight and the increase in length of Vaname shrimp seeds (p<0.05). The highest growth rates in weight and length were obtained in treatment B (commercial feeding with the addition of 10 mL of biofloc) of 0.55±0.02%/day and 3.7±0.01 cm, respectively. The addition of biofloc did not show any significant effect on the survival rate of Vaname shrimp fry (p>0.05).
The Effect of Chitosan Extracted from Green Mussel Shells Perna viridis on Sonneratia caseolaris Mangrove Syrup Preservation Muhammad Sholahuddin Al Ayyubi; Farikhah Farikhah; Nur Maulida Safitri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3353

Abstract

Green mussels (Perna viridis) are one of the prospective aquatic resources that can be developed into a high-value commodity. Their shells, on the other hand, are rarely used and discarded; despite the fact that the shells are contain chitosan, which can be used as a food preservative.The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of chitosan administration from green mussel shells on Sonneratia caseolaris mangrove syrup at various concentrations. The experimental design used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments within 3 replications. The study lasted 30 days in order tho find the best concentration of chitosan as a preservative. The McFarland method was used to evaluate the total dissolved density (Brix), the acidity (pH), the organoleptic study (aroma and color), and the bacterial density. The following treatments were used in this study: P1 to P5 (the addition of 0.1-0.5 ml of green mussel sheel chitosan solution); P6 (the negative control or without the addition of green mussel shell chitosan solution); and P7 (the positive control with the addition of 0.1 ml sodium benzoate (C7H5NaO2) as commercial preservative). The results showed that the average value of total dissolved density P1-P7 varied between 22-22.46 (Brix); acidity (pH) of P1-P7 ranged between 2-3,1; and the organoleptic test obtained points 5 (neutral) on the aroma and color test. As a conclusion, chitosan derived from green mussel shellsP. viridis is promising agent to be utilized as a preservative in S. caseolaris mangrove syrup.
Components of Rice Field Ecosystems as a Source of Biology in High School in Dompu District in 2020 Ulfin Juwita; Agil Al Idrus; Mahrus Mahrus
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3380

Abstract

Rice fields as an ecosystem have two main components, namely abiotic and biotic with the main function of ensuring the survival of organisms and creating a balanced ecosystem. Ecosystem components in an environment can be used as a source of learning Biology. This study aims to find out what are the components of the rice field ecosystem in Indonesia Dompu Regency and assess the characteristics or criteria of ecosystem components rice fields as a source of high school biology learning in Dompu Regency with refers to the 2013 curriculum. This type of research is descriptive exploratory. This research was conducted in Kempo Village, Dompu Regency at 4 points sampling, namely: transect 1 (North), transect 2 (West), transect 3 (South) and transect 4 (East). The sampling technique uses the method square. Collecting data using observation sheets and documentation. The results showed that the biotic component consisted of 15 species and 20192 individuals and the number of abiotic components as many as 5 environmental factors. Mark the average learning resource criteria ( ) for all transects is 3.4 (Category Very Meets the Criteria (SMK) learning resources). Research result concluded that the biotic component consisted of 15 species including Paddy (Oryza sativa), Bamboo grass (Lophatherum gracile), grinting grass (Cynodon dactylon), Patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta), Earrings (Acalypha australis), Meniran (Phyllanthus urinaria), Urang-aring (Eclipta prostrata), Beluntas (Pluchea indica), Jotang horse (Synedrella nodiflora L.), Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.), Cucumber (Coccinia grandis), Purslane (Portulaca oleracecea L.), Basil (Ocimum sanctum), Koksi beetle (Epilachna admirabilis) and earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus), while the components of Abiotic consists of 5 elements including temperature, humidity, pH of water, water and soil. The components of the rice field ecosystem in Dompu Regency can be used as high school biology learning resources in the sub-material component of the curriculum ecosystem 2013 with an average value of 3.4 learning resource criteria.
Potential of Siam Weed (Crhomolaena Odorata) as Fertilizer and Liquid Pesticide and Its Applications to Increase Crop Production Jusna Ahmad; Chairunnsah J. Lamangantjo; Wirnangsi D. Uno; Ilyas H. Husain
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3108

Abstract

Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) which can be used as fertilizer and vegetable pesticide in liquid form. Siamese weeds are very abundant and we can find them in almost all areas of uncultivated garden land. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Siamese weed (C. odorata) as fertilizer and pesticide in liquid form on the growth of horticultural crops. The type of research is experimental as well as quantitative exploratory. Analysis used a randomized block design (RAK), with four treatments and six replications, namely: Treatment K (without Siamese weed fertilizer and pesticide), treatment A (Liquid organic fertilizer for Siamese weeds 20%), treatment B (liquid organic fertilizer for weeds). siam 30 %), and treatment C (liquid organic fertilizer of weedsiam 40%), treatment D (liquid organic fertilizer of weed siam 50%), and treatment E (liquid organic fertilizer of weedsiam 60%), the results obtained were the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) Siamese weed leaves with a concentration of 60% (treatment E) had a significant effect on the growth of purple eggplant and shallot plants.
Morphological Characterization of Brown Algae Turbinaria sp From The Coastal Water of Aboru Village Central Maluku Maria Riry; Hermalina Sinay; Ritha Lusian Karuwal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3303

Abstract

The coastal water of Aboru village is one site with high diversity of marine biological resources such as brown algae. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological character of the brown algae Turbinaria from the coastal water of Aboru Village. The procedure consists of field collection, and observations in the laboratory. The morphological characters observed were the presence/absence of rhizoid/holdfast, cauloid/stipe, phylloid/blades, and presence/absence of pyrenoid/vesicle (air bubbles), thallus length, phylloid length, and thallus branching type. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that there were three types of Turbinaria, namely T. ornata, T. decurens, and T. conoides. All species have rhizoids, cauloids, and phylloids, while pyrenoids are only found in T. ornata. The branching type of T. ornata and T. decurens is sympodial, while T. conoides have monopodial branching type. In the conclusion, there were litle morphological variations in the genus Turbinaria found in the coastal water of Aboru Village.

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