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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,562 Documents
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Potency of Kaliasem Bark (Syzygium polychephalum) Extract as Antibacterial Agent for Staphylococcus aureus Ni Luh Putu Agustini; Desak Putu Risky Vidika Apriyanthi; Ayu Saka Laksmita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.2967

Abstract

Nosocomial infectious diseases are caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Treatment of infection can use drugs in the form of substances produced by a microorganism in the form of antibiotics. However, the problem that often arises with antibiotics is the occurrence of resistance. Alternatives that are able to overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance against bacteria are plants that have antibacterial activity, one of which is kaliasem (Syzygium polychephalum). This study aims to determine the compounds contained in the ethanol extract of the bark of kaliasem (Syzygium polychephalum) and to determine the potential of its activitiy on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. The bark extract of kaliasem (Syzygium polychephalum) had been carried out by using maceration method. Determination of antibacterial activity was carried out by the disc diffusion method. The ethanolic extract of the bark of kaliasem (Syzygium polychephalum) contains antibacterial compounds such as tannins, phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids and the ethanolic extract of the bark of kaliasem (Syzygium polychephalum) at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% can inhibit growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with an average inhibition zone of 15.85 mm, 18.36 mm, 23.64 mm, 28.58 mm, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of the bark of kaliasem (Syzygium polychephalum) contains antibacterial compounds and has the potential to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Identification of Pests and Diseases on Begonia Plants (Begonia sp) in Sewu Kembang Tourism Village, Karanganyar Adinda Mustika Kurnianingtyas; Inayah Romita Diani; Prayoga Felix Z
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.2979

Abstract

Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the large genus in the Angiospermae group, with a distinctive leaf asymmetry. Begonias have considerable economic value and some Begonia plants have potential as medicinal plants and as vegetables. Pests and diseases are one of the problems in the development of Begonia cultivation. This study aims to identify and identify the types of pests and diseases that attack Begonia plants. The location of this research is in the area of ​​Sewu Kembang Tourism Park, Nglurah, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar Regency. This research was carried out from September 4 to October 3, 2021. This research was carried out for 30 days using 10 begonia plant samples. The tools used include a camera to take pictures and stationery to record data. The variables observed were pests and diseases that attack Begonia plants. In this study using direct observation and interviews with begonia plant owners. The data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive. The results of the study found 1 disease, namely nitrogen deficit and 2 pests, namely caterpillars and snails. Which causes damage to the leaves of the Begonia plant where the leaves of the Begonia plant are the attraction of the plant.
The Potency of Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) and Kemangi leaf (Ocimum basilicum) as Biopesticide against Schizophyllum commune Fries Farah Diba; Ulvatur Rochmawati Nauli; Wiwik Winarsih; H A Oramahi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3023

Abstract

Schizophyllum commune Fries is a wood rot fungus that attacks living trees and wood products which causes high economic losses. The research objective was to evaluate the extracts of kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) and kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L) as a biopesticide to control Schizophyllum commune Fries. The solvents used for extracting the leaves of Kirinyuh and kemangi were 96% ethanol solvent in a ratio of 1: 3 (w/v). The extracts then formed into 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% concentration and mixed into PDA medium. The media was poured into a petri dish and then kept in incubator room. Then the isolates of Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus, seven days old with a five mm diameter, were put in the medium center. The parameter test was the value inhibition the fungal growth, comparing control treatment and the given concentration treatment. The results of research showed that kirinyuh leaf extract at a concentration of 2% has strong antifungal values with growth inhibition of 74.25%, at concentration 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% had a strong antifungal value with growth inhibition of 82.97%; 88.90%; 89.49% and 91.67%. Extracts of kemangi leaf had strong antifungal values (at concentration 2% and 4%) with growth inhibition of 66.63% and 71.72%, while at concentration 6%, 8%, and 10% had a strong antifungal value with inhibition of fungal growth by 81.05%; 83.02%; and 100%. The bioactive compounds found in kemangi leaf extracts were saponins, flavonoids, and linalool which are toxic and kill fungi. Kirinyuh leaf extract has an active alkaloid compound that is toxic and inhibits the formation of fungal cell walls. The optimal concentration of kemangi extract to inhibit the growth of Schizophyllum commune was 6% and from kirinyuh extract was 4%. 
Identification of Diseases and Pests of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) in the Pedan Hamlet Plantation, Karanglo, Tawangmangu Fety Fatimah; Hidayatun Nurul Khasanah; Rif'atin Khoirunnisa; Farhah Qurrotu 'Aini; Nur Rokhimah Hanik
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3072

Abstract

Cauliflower (Brassicca oleracia var.brotrytis L.) is a type of vegetable that belongs to the Brassicaceae family (a type of cabbage with small white flowers). The purpose of the research on cauliflower (Brasica oleracea var. Botrytis L.) was to identify pests and diseases that attack cauliflower (Brasica oleracea var. Botrytis L.). The method used in this study was to go directly to the field once in August 2021. Observations were made on agricultural land owned by farmers in Pedan Hamlet, Karanglo Village, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar. The results showed that from three different land samples, different pests and diseases were encountered. In the first land sample, several pests were found such as grasshoppers, capers, spiders, and cauliflower caterpillars (Plutella xylostella) while the diseases that attacked were some cauliflower affected by whip tail disease, but very many cauliflower plants were found that were attacked by black rot and soft. In the second land sample, the most common pests found were capers, third field mop spiders, and the pests encountered were grasshoppers, spiders, capers and caterpillars and cauliflower caterpillars. While the disease that attacks is whiptail disease. In conclusion, the average pests that attack cauliflower plants are capers, spiders, cauliflower caterpillars and grasshoppers. And the common diseases that attack cauliflower plants are black rot, soft rot and whip tail.
Application of Project Based Learning Insect Characteristics Around Lake Tondano in Entomology Course Ferny Margo Tumbel; Yermia Semuel Mokosuli; Meike Paat
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3077

Abstract

The online learning policy was implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in various countries around the world. Problems arise in learning biology that requires laboratory experiment activities. This research provides an innovation in entomology learning with a project-based learning method using insect biodiversity in the local ecosystem, namely Lake Tondano. This study aims to determine the ability of science process skills and student responses using the project-based learning method. Project-based learning is one of the methods established for the independent learning process to learn the independent curriculum. The research was conducted with an exploratory, descriptive research method. Science process skills and student project products are measured using a rubric. Student learning outcomes are measured using quiz questions with the google form application.Meanwhile, student responses were measured using a questionnaire. The study results showed that the science process skills of students who were taught using the Project-based learning method were in the good and very good categories. The resulting project output is a practical guide based on the assessment rubric which is in good and very good grades. Student responses regarding the application of Project based learning in entomology courses are in the agree and strongly agree categories. Student learning outcomes showed an average in the good and very good categories. The application of project-based learning can stimulate the ability of science processes and student learning outcomes in entomology courses. Project-based learning is very appropriate to be applied to fields of science that require a lot of experimental activities. Because it is carried out in small research groups, the project-based learning method is appropriate for learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Microalgae Diversity as a Bioindicator of Water Quality in Batujai Dam, Central Lombok Hairunnadawiah Hairunnadawiah; Khairuddin Khairuddin; Lalu Zulkifli
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3084

Abstract

Batujai Dam is one of the largest dams in Central Lombok with an area of 890 ha of inundated water. The water from the Batujai Dam is used for irrigation of agricultural land, flood control, freshwater fisheries and the development of micro-hydro power plants. Batujai Dam is also a reservoir for several rivers in Central Lombok, namely:  the Leneng River, the Sade River and the Dodokan River. This function makes the Batujai Dam a place for the accumulation of various forms of pollutants carried by the inlet rivers. Microalgae is one of the ecological parameters that can function as a bioindicator of water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality in the Batujai Dam in terms of the microalgae diversity index and the measurement of environmental factors. Determination of sampling point and sampling time using purposive sampling method. Measurement of water quality is carried out by determining the diversity index and measuring environmental factors such as pH, temperature, DO, BOD, phosphate and nitrate. Microalgae data for determining the diversity index was analyzed using the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. The results showed that the identified microalgae consisted of 5 classes, 16 orders and 40 species. The overall diversity index of microalgae in the Batujai dam is 1.712 with a DO value of 5.09 and a BOD of 4.0175. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the water quality in the Batujai Dam is in an unhealthy condition (lightly polluted). The allotment for the use of water from the Batujai Dam is suitable for freshwater fish farming, livestock and agricultural irrigation, and it is not recommended for drinking water sources and water recreation infrastructure/facilities.
Isolation and Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Endophytic Bacteria of Sea Fern (Acrtostichum aureum L.) from Bengkalis Island, Riau Tetty Marta Linda; Azizul Berlyansah; Bernadeta Leni Fibriarti; Nery Sofiyanti; Silvera Devi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3104

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria have been known to produce high levels of secondary metabolites. The sterile leaves of the sea fern (Acrostichum aureum L.) contain many phytochemical compounds. This sea fern is often found in peat swamp areas. The aim of this study was to isolate, partial characterization, and analysis of bioactive compounds from endophytic bacteria of sea ferns to determine their bioactive compounds. Endophytic bacteria were isolated by a direct technique using nutrient agar (NA) media. In this study, the endophytic bacteria were characterized by macroscopic, microscopic, and Gram. Several tests were further performed, namely phytochemical test and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT IR) FTIR tests from a crude extract of secondary metabolites of bacteria. The results of the isolation obtained six isolates of endophytic bacteria consisting of all isolates were Gram-negative. The phytochemical test results for the six isolates were positive for alkaloids and saponins but no steroids. Based on the results of phytochemical tests and FT IR, it is suspected that the isolate DSB 1.6 has similarities with the alkaloid functional group. This endophytic bacterial isolate can be developed as a candidate for produced of pharmacological compounds.
Phytoplankton Community as A Bioindicator for Water Quality of Sumi Dam, Bima Regency Muhamad Hairil Anas; Lalu Japa; Khairuddin Khairuddin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3109

Abstract

The waters of the Sumi dam have an important role in accordance with the purpose of its construction. Therefore, monitoring of water quality becomes necessary because good water quality is an important requirement for every organism. This study aims to examine the water quality of the Sumi dam based on the community and species diversity of phytoplankton. The sampling location was determined based on the purposive sampling method. Water samples were taken in April 2021 using a 20 micron plankton net and preserved with formalin at a concentration of 4% preservation. The results showed that the identified phytoplankton community in the Sumi Dam consisted of 80 species and 13 classes. The index value of the diversity of phytoplankton species in the Sumi dam is high. Based on the index value of the diversity of phytoplankton species as a bioindicator, the waters of the Sumi dam are included in the unpolluted category.
Inventory of Rare Fruit in Sibohe Forest of Singkawang City, West Kalimantan Wolly Candramila; Asriah Nurdini Mardiyyaningsih; Yogi Dirgari; Robby Firmansyah; Muhammad Reza
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): April - June
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i2.3114

Abstract

The location close to urban areas and the rapid rate of decline in area can threaten the diversity of rare fruits in the Sibohe Forest. A re-survey in the Sibohe Forest, Singkawang, West Kalimantan was conducted to confirm reports of the existence of 15 rare fruit plant species collected in 2017-2018 by previous researchers. The inventory process started from collection of specimens carried out during June-July 2021, herbarium making, identification and descriptive data analysis. Based on the similarity of regional names, 13 out of 15 species were confirmed according to the previous reports, while 2 species were not found due to the possibility of out of fruiting season. However, 4 of the 13 confirmed species were identified with different scientific names. Additional survey to the people in Pontianak City aged 17-34 years revealed some different names for the same type of fruit among these four species. Four new plant species were also collected and described in this study including amok (Alpinia sp., Zingiberaceae), nubik (Artocarpus sp., Moraceae), tehengan (Artocarpus sp., Moraceae), and smallest arok (Ficus sp., Moraceae). Potentials and challenges in the inventory of rare fruit plants in the Sibohe Forest should be studied regularly as well as efforts to increase public knowledge and interest, especially for the younger generation. Moreover, recommendation should be made to support conservation activities based on the actual data collected in the field regularly.
Abundance and Distribution Patterns of Sea Urchins (Echinoidea) at Lakey Beach, Hu'u District, Dompu Regency Fitriyani Fitriyani; Didik Santoso; Karnan Karnan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 22 No. 1 (2022): January - March
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v22i1.3119

Abstract

Sea urchins are marine biota that have many benefits for life, so there is a need for information about the existence of sea urchins. The existence of sea urchins in marine ecosystems has a significant influence on the ecological balance, one of which is for coral reefs, because sea urchins are one of the control of macroalgae populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the species abundance, diversity index, dominance index and distribution pattern of sea urchins (Echinoidea) at Lakey Beach, Hu'u District, Dompu Regency. This type of research is descriptive exploratory using purposive sampling method (chosen method) in determining the three research stations. The data obtained were analyzed using the species formula, the Shanon Wienner diversity index, the Simpson dominance index, and the Morisita index. The results showed that the highest species on the Lakey Coast were Echinometra mathei with values of 0.60 Ind/m² and Echinometra viridis with values of 0.45 Ind/m². The diversity index of sea urchins at Lakey Beach is included in the moderate criteria with a species diversity index value of H'=1.03. The sea urchin dominance index in Lakey Beach is included in the low criteria with a species dominance index of 0.42. The distribution pattern of sea urchins on Lakey Beach includes two criteria, namely flocking and uniform. Types of sea urchins that belong to a grouped distribution pattern are Echinometra mathei and Echinometra viridis. While the types of sea urchins that have a uniform distribution pattern are Diadema setosum, Echinotrix calamaris (brown striped spines), Mespilia globulus, and Tripneustus gratilia. This research can be used as a reference and source of information to see the condition of the ecosystem in Lakey Beach, Hu'u District, Dompu Regency. So that the community and can preserve marine life such as sea urchins (Echinoidea) so that their lives can be maintained.

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