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<![CDATA[Bandage Effect Antiaging Cream Channa Striata Extract (Snakehead Fish) With Tretinoin Cream 0.1% Against Photoaging ]]>
<![CDATA[Indrawan, Yudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri, Arridha Hutami]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.24635
<![CDATA[Abstract: Photoaging is a skin aging process that occurs due to sun exposure causing damage to the skin. From the results of the study, it was also found that the most visible signs of premature aging were not fine lines or wrinkles, but dull skin with a percentage of 53.30%. Snakehead fish has a protein level in 100 grams of fish meat reaching 25.2 grams. The albumin level of snakehead fish is quite high up to 6.22%, and the zinc mineral content from snakehead fish reaches 1.74 mg/100 grams, with high levels of protein and albumin snakehead fish useful as photoaging therapy. This study aims to find out whether there is a difference in effect between the use of Channa striata (snakehead fish) extract cream and 0.1% tretinoin cream as photoaging therapy. This type of study is a randomized control trial using 2 groups, namely the group with the administration of snakehead fish cream test material and the group with the 0.1% tretinoin cream test material for 30 days with a total sample of 96 people, each sample will be observed at the beginning and end of the treatment using the Glombau scale. Based on the results of the study, there was no difference in effectiveness between the use of Channa Striata (snakehead fish) extract cream and 0.1% tretinoin cream on photoaging (p=1.00). There was no comparison of effectiveness between the use of Channa Striata (snakehead fish) extract cream and 0.1% tretinoin cream on photoaging.]]>
<![CDATA[Speech And Language Delay Or Disorder In Children Associated With Epilepsy ]]>
<![CDATA[Ilhamsyah, Nugraha -]]>;
<![CDATA[Sinaga, Nurcahaya -]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.25432
<![CDATA[Abstract: Speech and language disorders are common clinical features often associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Abnormal brain activity associated with epilepsy can impact the developmental trajectory of cognitive processes, such as language. Early identification of children with speech and language delays and disorders will allow for early intervention before learning and behavioural problems develop to achieve better academic and social outcomes. This study evaluates whether children with epilepsy experience speech and language disorders. Observational analysis with a cross-sectional study with patient medical record data in the outpatient clinic of a pediatric neurology consultant from January 2023 to February 2025. Risk factors were analysed bivariate and multivariate. This study found that out of 479 children with epilepsy, 331 or 62.7% experienced speech and language delay or disorders. The study concludes that a significant proportion of children with epilepsy (62.7%) experience speech and language disorders. The presence of these disorders is notably associated with a higher frequency of seizures before treatment and the existence of comorbid conditions.]]>
<![CDATA[Hubungan Persentase Visceral Fat dengan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien DM Tipe II di RS Haji Medan ]]>
<![CDATA[Adetya, Intan Tiara]]>;
<![CDATA[Lufiana, Fardella]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.24445
<![CDATA[Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder with chronic hyperglycemia due to genetic and lifestyle interactions. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension are often comorbidities because they share risk factors such as endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Increased blood pressure in diabetics is triggered by hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and sleep apnea. Visceral fat also plays an important role in the development of hypertension, especially in adulthood. This study aims to determine the relationship between visceral fat percentage and blood pressure in Type II DM patients at Haji Medan Hospital The research conducted was observational analytical research with a cross sectional approach. The largest age group is 50–59 years old and the most gender is male (53.6%). The most blood pressure category is grade I hypertension (50.7%), and the most visceral fat category is high (10–14%). Systolic blood pressure had an average value of 142.4 mmHg, diastolic 81.8 mmHg, and MAP 102 mmHg. The correlation of blood pressure with visceral fat has a coefficient of 0.14 which indicates a moderate relationship. The correlation of systolic and visceral fat (r = 0.350) showed a low relationship, while the correlation of diastolic and visceral fat (r = 0.416) showed a moderate relationship. The most patients diagnosed with type 2 DM at Haji Medan Hospital are male with a percentage of 53.6% with the highest age range of 50-59 years, there is a positive correlation between the percentage of visceral fat and blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic. ]]>
<![CDATA[Myopia Is Related to Head Pain in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
<![CDATA[Arifin, Hasanul]]>;
<![CDATA[Uljannah, Nisa]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.25366
<![CDATA[Abstract: Myopia was found to be a common cause of headaches, and about 28% of the patients studied had myopia. This study was conducted with the aim of finding out the relationship between myopia and headache in students with the target students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional approach involving 72 research subjects of students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, and using an online questionnaire with a Google form application to obtain primary data. Of the group of students who suffered from mild myopia, 23.5% suffered from mild headaches, 61.8% had moderate headaches, and 14.7% had severe headaches. Meanwhile, in the group of students who suffered from moderate myopia, 6.9% suffered from mild headaches, 58.6% moderate headaches and 34.5% severe headaches. For the group of students who suffer from severe myopia, no one experiences mild or moderate headaches, but there are 100% suffer from severe headaches. The Chi Square test shows the sum of 0.000. It can be concluded that myopia is related to headaches in medical students of the Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.]]>
<![CDATA[There is a Critical Relationship Between Discourse Delay and Cerebral Paralysis in Cerebral Palsy Child Patients at Haji Medan Hospital in 2023 ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugraha, Armand Surya]]>;
<![CDATA[Sinaga, Nurcahaya]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.24597
<![CDATA[Abstract: Speech delay in children can be a condition in which the child's expressive dialect development is inappropriate or underage. The frequency of speech delay in Indonesian children who do not attend school reaches 5–10%. Boys with speech disorders more than girls. The cause of speech delay can be hearing loss, cerebral palsy, low thinking ability, or autism. Cerebral palsy patients can experience wild movements and muscle spasms in the mouth. This will affect the child's speech development. This study aims to find out if there is a critical relationship between discourse delay and cerebral palsy in pediatric patients at Haji Medan Hospital in 2023. This research is an analytical descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of this study are cerebral palsy patients at Haji Medan Hospital, with an estimated total test of 132 people. Data analysis using Chi-square test. There is a significant relationship between speech delay and cerebral palsy in pediatric patients at Haji Medan Hospital. The results using Fisher's correct test showed a P value of less than 0.05, which supports the theory. There is a critical relationship between delay in discourse and cerebral palsy in pediatric patients at Haji Medan Hospital.]]>
<![CDATA[Resistance Training Has an Effect on Lowering Insulin Resistance Based on HOMA IR Examination in Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Patients: Meta-Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Nasution, Muhammad Solih]]>;
<![CDATA[Akbar, Aidil]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.24468
<![CDATA[Abstract: Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Insulin resistance, obesity, and hormonal imbalances are the main characteristics of this condition. Physical exercise, including weight training or resistance training , is suspected to be effective in lowering insulin resistance, but direct comparisons based on the results of the HOMA IR examination have not been carried out systematically. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of weight training in lowering insulin resistance based on the results of the HOMA IR examination in PCOS patients. Four clinical studies that met the inclusion criteria and included 87 women diagnosed with PCOS and 93 women without PCOS were analyzed for their insulin resistance conditions. Insulin resistance check parameters using the HOMA IR test. Statistical analysis using a fixed effect model with a paired t test. Overall, resistance training interventions showed a negative effect on the difference in HOMA-IR between pre-test and post-test. The mean HOMA-IR score after the intervention was lower compared to the pre-intervention score. This suggests that resistance training can lower insulin resistance in PCOS patients. Resistance training can reduce insulin resistance in PCOS patients as measured by HOMA-IR examination. However, variations in results between studies suggest that the effects of resistance training on insulin resistance are not entirely uniform, depending on factors such as exercise intensity, duration, and characteristics of study participants.]]>
<![CDATA[Routine of Reading the Qur'an Related to Cognitive Function in Students of Muhammadiyah 01 Medan High School ]]>
<![CDATA[Mulya Hasibuan, Firza]]>;
<![CDATA[Yunafri, Andri]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.25273
<![CDATA[Abstract: The Qur'an is the word of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to be conveyed to mankind, especially to the people of the Prophet, as a guide for the life of Muslims in the world. The habit of reading the Qur'an is a continuous intellectual activity, which is worship. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the routine reading of the Qur'an and the ability of cognitive function, especially in intellectual intelligence. This study is a comparative analytical research of 2 unpaired groups. The research design used is a true experimental design with post post-test only control group design. The research subjects totalled 40 people who were selected by the purposive sampling method. The analysis data used an independent t-test. Based on the results of the Independent Sample T-Test, a significance value (p-value) of 0.000 (0.05) was obtained.. The sample that regularly read the Qur'an for 1 month had a superior IQ score of 9 people (23%), a high average of 10 people (25%), and an average of 1 person (2.50%). Meanwhile, those who do not regularly read the Qur'an for 1 month have an average IQ score of 17 people (42.50%), and a low average of 3 people (7%). There is a significant influence on cognitive function, especially intellectual intelligence, from reading the Qur'an regularly for 1 month.]]>
<![CDATA[Literature Review: Relationship Between Rubber Factory Pollution Exposure and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Levels in Workers ]]>
<![CDATA[Pasaribu, Sumihar MR]]>;
<![CDATA[Purba, Amril]]>;
<![CDATA[Perangin-angin, Guntur]]>;
<![CDATA[Siahaan, Jekson Martiar]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.25610
<![CDATA[Abstract: Working in rubber factories exposes personnel to a cocktail of airborne contaminants—hydrogen sulfide, organic solvents, and fine dust—that jeopardise health over the long term. A key pathological response to such pollution is the upsurge in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which drives oxidative stress and underlies injury to cells, tissues, and organ systems. The present review compiles biomarker and mechanistic data showing how encounters with factory fumes correlate with elevated ROS levels in exposed workers. Cross-sectional surveys and laboratory experiments consistently report raised indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), establishing a robust link between airborne toxins and molecular damage. Genetic variants that weaken antioxidant enzymes further shape individual risk, reminding us that not every worker faces the same burden even under identical exposure conditions. Consequences typically affect the respiratory tract, heart, and metabolic pathways, reinforcing calls for stronger engineering controls, personal monitoring, and health surveillance in the plant. Early trials of antioxidant supplements show promise for damping ROS pathways, yet the field still lacks evidence-based protocols that tailor interventions to sources and dosages of pollution. By clarifying these oxidative processes, the review aims to guide regulators and industry managers in crafting rules that truly protect workers' lives and livelihoods]]>
<![CDATA[Determination of Height Based on Estimated Femur Length in Medan City ]]>
<![CDATA[Shella, Remuqita]]>;
<![CDATA[Parinduri, Abdul Gafar]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.24272
<![CDATA[Abstract : Identification checks are an important action to find out the identity of a person, other than living people, especially in the case of victims who have died or disappeared. The identification process used in the field of forensic anthropology is the anthropometric method, which measures one part of the body to determine the estimated height. The length of the inferior limbs has the most favorable correlation for human height. In this case, the femur is one of the parts of the body that is commonly used in height estimation. The femur section is the best parameter because it is in line with the anatomical structure of the body for the determination of height, which is useful in a clinical context. The researcher is interested in researching height based on femur length in FK UMSU students in the class of 2019. This research method is an analytical descriptive research with a cross-sectional design approach. The research subjects were 113 students of FK UMSU stambuk 2019, consisting of men and women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sampling technique using purposive sampling. The length of the femur has a correlation value that ranges from 0.382 to 0.534 (p≤0.001). The linear regression equation obtained showed a Standard Error of the Estimate (SEE) ranging from 0.164 to 0.272 (p≤0.001). There is a meaningful relationship between femur length and height, with such a strong correlation that height can be estimated by measuring femur length through linear regression equations.]]>
<![CDATA[Work Shifts Affect Blood Pressure in Employees In Tegal Sari Mandala II Village ]]>
<![CDATA[Azizah, Siti Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri, Sheila Dhiene]]>
<![CDATA[ Buletin Farmatera Vol 10, No 3 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara ]]>
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DOI: 10.30596/bf.v10i3.26297
<![CDATA[Abstract: Work shifts are a work system that is widely applied in various work sectors to increase productivity. However, the implementation of this system can hurt workers' health, especially in terms of blood pressure. Based on data from Tegal Sari Mandala II Village, Medan City, it was found that there was an increase in the prevalence of hypertension in workers who worked shifts compared to workers who had fixed working hours. Hypertension in shift workers can be caused by circadian rhythm disruptions, increased cortisol levels, irregular sleep patterns, and higher stress levels. This study aims to determine the effect of work shifts on blood pressure in employees in Tegal Sari Mandala II Village. This study uses an analytical design with a cross-sectional method. The sample consisted of 100 randomly selected employees. Data was collected through blood pressure measurements using a digital sphygmomanometer. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test with univariate and bivariate methods to measure the relationship between work shifts and hypertension. The results showed a significant relationship between work shifts and hypertension incidence (p=0.001). Shift workers are more prone to hypertension than non-shift workers, with the prevalence of grade 2 hypertension being 14 employees in the shift group. Shift workers have a higher risk of hypertension than non-shift workers. Therefore, structured occupational health interventions, good sleep patterns, and education about stress management are needed to reduce the risk of hypertension in shift workers.]]>
