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Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Published by Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi
ISSN : 2477118X     EISSN : 26157977     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32697/integritas
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Terbit sejak 2015, Jurnal Antikorupsi INTEGRITAS (p-ISSN: 2477-118X; e-ISSN: 2615-7977) merupakan jurnal yang menyebarluaskan hasil penelitian atau kajian konseptual tentang korupsi dan subyek yang berelasi dengan korupsi. Jurnal Antikorupsi INTEGRITAS terbit dua nomor dalam setahun ditujukan untuk kalangan pakar, akademisi, peneliti, praktisi, penyelenggara negara, pegiat antikorupsi, dan masyarakat pada umumnya.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 233 Documents
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Recodification of corruption crime provisions in the national criminal code Indriati, Tri; Rizkiah, Nurfatiha; Mazhar, Muh Nur Mazrur
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1152

Abstract

Corruption crimes, as contained in the National Criminal Code, are controversially regulated. These have lower sanctions compared to the previous provisions in the Corruption Eradication Law. Indonesia's Corruption Perception Index has decreased since 2022, from a score of 38/100 to 34/100. Additionally, there have been several convictions wherein punishment involved imprisonment below the minimum timespan. This implies that the purpose of punishment, which is to eradicate corruption, has not been achieved. This research was conducted to determine the issue of light sanctions for defendants in corruption cases. It analyzes the Theory of Legal Truth and the Cost-Benefit Model Theory, as it pertains to the impact of recodifying corruption provisions into the National Criminal Code. This research employs prescriptive analysis, assessing what should be in the applicable legal regulations. It regards legal theory and the application of positive law to analyze a case study and address the research question. This research determines that light sentences allocated to corruption defendants reflect the low sanctions provisions, triggering increases in corruption cases. Moreover, the imposition of lower sanctions in the National Criminal Code risks encouraging an increase in corruption crimes in the future. This creates serious concerns regarding the effectiveness of law enforcement in deterring potential perpetrators against corruption.
Introducing an ethical lobbying regulation in Indonesia: A policy recommendation Isnaini, Dani Mochtar; Nasution, Yuda Alfarisi
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1171

Abstract

One of the public participation forms in the democratic setting is the mechanism of lobbying. In various countries, this mechanism has been regulated by the governments in accordance with recommended standards. This paper seeks to examine the international standards and recommendations as well as the implementation of lobbying regulations in multiple countries. The analysis focuses on the efficacy of lobbying regulation in different contexts, including issues such as insufficient disclosure, noncompliance, and enforcement mechanisms, which vary between countries. Our finding is that the efficacy of lobbying regulation in the United States is facing persistent challenges, including insufficient disclosure and potential noncompliance, which require deeper scrutiny and enforcement mechanisms. In Ireland, inadequate mitigation exists in regulating international lobbying and extraterritorial enforcement, a notable deficiency that needs to be addressed and solved. In Australia, however, there has been a progression from minimalistic approaches to more stringent legislative frameworks, albeit predominantly focused on third-party lobbyists, and therefore, there is still a lack of monitoring of other types. This situation underscores the need for comprehensive reform to address waning public trust in democratic institutions. Finally, we propose a recommendation for the lobbying regulation to be applied in Indonesia in order to enhance integrity and promote transparency throughout the policy formulation process.
Does government effectiveness and corruption control support political stability? Kartiko, Nafis Dwi
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i1.1209

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the relationship between government effectiveness, corruption control, and political stability. The data used is sourced from the World Competitiveness Yearbook provided by the Institute for Management Development. The analysis involves annual data collected regularly since 1987, covering a global sample of 66 countries for six years, from 2017 to 2022, with a total of 381 observations. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression was used to investigate the research. The results confirm the importance of corruption control and government effectiveness in maintaining political stability. The analysis differentiates the effect of government effectiveness based on the quality of a country's political product, finding that improvements in government effectiveness are particularly important in improving political stability in countries with Low Political Product Quality. This signals that in countries with greater political and economic challenges, improvements in government effectiveness can have a significant impact on political stability.
Strengthening transparency of political party financial reports to prevent illegal fundraising Irlandi, Rino
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1218

Abstract

Political parties get their financial resources from membership fees, legitimate donations, and APBN/APBD. However, in the corruption case that implicate Abdul Gafur Mas'ud and Rahmat Effendi, political parties allegedly used the proceeds from corruption as one of their financial sources. Through the doctrinal legal research method, this research traces the financial sources of political parties to investigate these allegations. The results show that the financial sources of political parties are difficult to access. This shows that political parties are not transparent in reporting their finances. This is due to the lack of regulations regarding the financial transparency of political parties. As a result, corruption funds become one of their financial sources. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the transparency rules of political party financial reports by: (1) requiring political party financial reports to be audited and reported to BPK annually and announced to the public; and (2) tightening sanctions for political parties that do not report overall finances. The sanctions can be in the form of a ban on participating in the next general election period.
Shadows of political corruption amidst the trend of declining democracy in Indonesia: Learning from the dynamics of 2024 Presidential Election Umam, Ahmad Khoirul
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i1.1226

Abstract

This conceptual article is based on primary and secondary data from various sources discussing the dynamics of Indonesian politics and democracy through the 2024 General Election. This article aims to identify various alleged political corruption practices as well as to evaluate the development of the quality of Indonesian democracy implied by the 2024 political process. Although allegations of political corruption are believed to be common among many groups, proving them legally and politically is not easy to do. This leaves a number of notes, especially regarding the nature of power and the trend of weakening the quality of democracy in the country. The 2024 General Election provided some valuable lessons that the aspects of neutrality and independence of state power should be of common concern to reorganize and increase the quality of the future Indonesian democracy.
Analysis of the relationship between government’s anti-corruption programs and bribe-giving behavior at the individual level in Indonesia Wibowo, Agustinus Cahyo; Khoirunurrofik, Khoirunurrofik
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1256

Abstract

Research on corruption in Indonesia has primarily focused on institutional corruption, while individual-level bribery remains underexplored. This study analyzes data from the 2020–2021 Anti-Corruption Behavior Survey (SPAK) and other surveys by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) to examine the relationship between the government’s anti-corruption programs and the possibility of individuals in Indonesia engaging in bribery to access public services. The study explores how the programs interact with community perceptions and individual characteristics such as education, gender, marital status, and living area characteristics like Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). Findings indicate that the anti-corruption program implemented by the government is still limited to community groups with a high chance of committing bribery. Negative interactions are observed between government’s programs and perceptions of anti-corruption in family and public spheres, suggesting that incorporating community perceptions into anti-corruption programs can reduce bribery through rational choice and social norms. It was also found that people with lower education levels, male gender, married status, and living in areas with high ICT development and areas with high GRDP tend to bribe more. At a certain point, increasing age will reduce the chances of bribery. The government should design and implement anti-corruption programs that account for individual and regional characteristics, utilizing both direct and indirect media channels to enhance public perception of anti-corruption and reduce bribe-giving behavior.
Corruption, public debt, political years, and economic growth in democratic developing countries Srihadiastuti, Rida; Ekananda, Mahjus
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1264

Abstract

This study investigates the impacts of political corruption and public debt on the economic progress of 43 democratic developing countries that have experienced varying election cycle frequencies from 2002 to 2021. The research utilizes a PMG-ARDL method and relies on data from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF). The results show that although corruption can generate ‘temporary’ benefits, it ultimately hinders long-term economic development. Our analysis also compares the impact by grouping countries based on different frequencies of election years, referred to as ‘political years’. In the group of countries with a ‘high’ frequency of political years, the impact of corruption is more detrimental than in the group of countries with a ‘low’ frequency. To anticipate the negative effects of corruption and ensure that the allocation of development funds is on target, we recommend: 1) improving the governance system to minimize corruption; 2) measuring corruption with new, more concrete indicators, not just the perception index; 3) implementing changes to the tax payment mechanism, as direct public control over budget allocations are often inefficient and leaky; and 4) improving the effectiveness of the campaign mechanism to prevent corruption by electoral candidates.
Penafsiran Ekstensif Kerugian Keuangan Negara Dalam Korupsi Sumber Daya Alam Sektor Timah: Studi Komparatif Negara-Negara Berkembang Kusworo, Daffa Ladro; Anggraini, Titi
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1280

Abstract

The precedent of state losses in regulations is still limited to the paradigm of nominal losses, which is clearly different from the type of corruption in natural resources, particularly when considering environmental damage benchmarks in ecological, economic, and environmental recovery aspects. Unfortunately, Article 2, Paragraph 1, and Article 3 of the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption Law, which defines the term “state financial losses,” creates confusion in interpretation because it is different from other regulations, such as Minister of Environment Regulation No. 7/2014. In this regulation, state economic losses due to environmental damage and recovery costs are included as non-tax state revenue. It's unfortunate that government's right to sue in civil realm is used for compensation, and not for environmental restoration. This practice creates a conflict between corruption losses in the environmental aspect and the paradigm of state finances. This research is based on a doctrinal method that refers to legislation as the basis for hypothesis testing to dichotomize the interpretation of state losses, accompanied by a comparison with other countries. The results show that state financial losses interpretation needs to be seen casuistically through multi-regime investigation paradigm, namely by combining formulation unlawful acts between regulations. In fact, the practice of natural resource corruption is rampant in developing countries due to a lack of determination regarding losses and appropriate environmental corruption sanctions for perpetrators.
One map policy as an anti-corruption endeavour in the Indonesian mining sector Virgy, Muhammad Arief; Mustofa, Mustabsyirotul Ummah; Mikail, Ahmad
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1312

Abstract

Indonesia plays an important role in the global mining industry, particularly in coal and nickel. Ensuring that mining resources support the people's livelihoods, as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, requires good governance in the mining sector. However, corruption remains a significant challenge. This research identifies the types of corruption present in the mining sector and proposes solutions. Using qualitative methods and collecting secondary data sources such as news reports and other accessible documents, the study reveals that corruption mostly occurs in the issuance of mining permits, often due to overlapping areas between mining permits and other land uses. In order to address these issues and strengthen governance, the One Map Policy has been proposed. This policy aims to improve spatial planning quality, reduce overlaps between mining concessions and Indigenous peoples’ areas, and prevent concessions in protected forests. However, the policy faces challenges due to a lack of transparency in making map data publicly accessible, which hinders external inputs. Additionally, there is no government body responsible for verifying independent map data from external sources. Enhancing transparency and involving external parties in providing input to the One Map Policy can promote accountability, ensuring mining activities adhere to good governance principles and protect local communities and Indigenous peoples’ rights as well as their livelihoods.
Corruption in the education sector in Indonesia: Reality, causes, and solutions Permana, Sidik; Setiawan, Mursyid
Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): INTEGRITAS: Jurnal Antikorupsi
Publisher : Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32697/integritas.v10i2.1326

Abstract

Corruption within Indonesia’s education sector ranks among the most frequently identified and prosecuted cases by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). Education itself is a vital sector for human resource development; therefore, corruption within it poses a direct threat to the development process. This concern forms the foundation for this study, which aims to analyze the current realities, causes, and solutions to address corruption in Indonesia’s education sector. The findings of this article may serve as strategies to mitigate and prevent potential corruption within this critical sector. This study employs a literature review with a qualitative approach, drawing primarily on data from books, journals, institutional reports, accredited websites, and other relevant documents. Data analysis was conducted after compiling and reviewing various literature sources, from which insights and conclusions were derived. The results reveal a pervasive corruption problem in the education sector, supported by diverse data points. The causes of corruption are multifaceted, encompassing personal motives, societal and cultural influences, weak law enforcement and oversight, government negligence, and inadequate institutional management. Consequently, the proposed solutions are categorized into three dimensions: individual/personal, environmental/cultural, and institutional.

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