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INDONESIA
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
Published by Kementerian Perdagangan
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
First published in 2007, Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan (BILP) is a scientific journal published by the Trade Analysis dan Development Agency (Badan Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Perdagangan - BPPP), Ministry of Trade, Republic of Indonesia. This bulletin is expected to be a media of dissemination and analysis of research results to be used as references for academics, practitioners, policy-makers, and the general public. In collaboration with professional associations, The Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - PERHEPI), BILP publishes research reports and analysis of trade sector and/or sector-related trade which have not been published in any other journals/scholarly publications, either in Bahasa Indonesia or English. Publishing twice a year in July and December, this Bulletin is directly disseminated to stakeholders both in print and online.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 209 Documents
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The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the Indonesian Apparel Export Siskarossa Ika Oktora; Nora Muhtasib
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1029.744 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v13i1.363

Abstract

Abstrak Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) berdampak pada perdagangan dalam era digital. Produk pakaian jadi merupakan komoditas utama dalam perdagangan yang ditunjukkan oleh tingginya permintaan untuk komoditas pakaian jadi. Hal tersebut menjadi peluang bagi pertumbuhan industri pakaian jadi dalam negeri, tidak hanya untuk memenuhi konsumsi domestik tetapi juga untuk memperluas pasar luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh TIK seperti penggunaan telepon seluler dan terbukanya akses internet, serta variabel lainnya seperti PDB, kurs, populasi, dan jarak terhadap ekspor pakaian jadi Indonesia ke sepuluh mitra dagang utama selama periode 2010-2016 dengan menggunakan model gravitasi pada data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TIK negara-negara tujuan ekspor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ekspor pakaian jadi Indonesia, sedangkan TIK Indonesia memberikan hasil yang tidak signifikan. Sementara untuk variabel lainnya, hanya PDB yang berpengaruh signifikan, sedangkan kurs, populasi dan jarak tidak signifikan. Salah satu penyebab mengapa TIK Indonesia tidak signifikan adalah adanya kesenjangan yang lebar pada persentase pengguna internet antar wilayah, yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh tidak meratanya ketersediaan jaringan internet. Perluasan jaringan internet dengan kualitas baik akan dapat menghubungkan para desainer, industri hilir dan pedagang pakaian dalam rantai pemasaran yang lebih luas, selain keterlibatan Indonesia dalam Global Value Chain (GVC). Kata kunci: Perdagangan Internasional, TIK, Industri Pakaian, Model Panel Gravity Abstract The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development has impacted on trade sector in the digital era. Apparel is the main trading commodity which is indicated by a high demand for apparel commodities. There is an opportunity for domestic apparel industry, not only to satisfy domestic consumption but also to expand overseas market. This research aims to analyze the impact of ICT such as the use of cellular telephone and the open access to internet, as well as other variables such as GDP, REER, Population, and Distance on Indonesian apparel export to ten main importers during 2010-2016, by using panel gravity model. This study found that ICT of the export destination countries significantly affected Indonesian apparel export, while Indonesia’s ICT gave insignificant result. Other variables that have significant impact was GDP. While REER, Population, and Distance gave insignificant impact. The reasons for this situation due to a wide gap of internet users percentage between regions because of the unevenly distributed internet sevices. This study suggested, in addition to Indonesia’s better participation in the Global Value Chain (GVC), the expansion of good quality internet networks would enable designers, downstream industries and apparel traders to connect in a broader marketing chain. Keywords: International Trade, ICT, Apparel Industry, Panel Gravity Model JEL Classification: P45, O33, L67, C33
Dampak Tarif Impor Output dan Input Terhadap Probabilitas Perusahaan Keluar dari Pasar Windi Agustin Maulina; Arie Damayanti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1410.889 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v13i1.367

Abstract

Abstrak Secara teori, dampak tarif impor input dan output terhadap kinerja perusahaan berbeda. Namun, hal tersebut belum terbukti secara empiris di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak tarif impor output dan input terhadap probabilitas perusahaan untuk keluar dari pasar. Kajian ini menggunakan model probit yang merupakan salah satu model dari Cummulative Distribution Function (CDF), dengan menggunakan data Survei Industri Besar dan Sedang (IBS) tahun 2003-2014. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa efek kompetisi yang dihasilkan akibat penurunan tarif impor output akan meningkatkan probabilitas perusahaan untuk keluar dari pasar. Namun penurunan tarif impor input akan menurunkan probabilitas perusahaan untuk keluar dari pasar. Setelah mendisagregasi perusahaan berdasarkan beberapa karakteristik yang dapat diobservasi diperoleh bahwa perusahaan yang memproduksi barang konsumsi, perusahaan dalam industri yang padat karya, perusahaan kecil, dan perusahaan yang terdapat pada industri yang lebih kompetitif memiliki peluang utuk keluar dari pasar lebih tinggi. Kajian ini merekomendasikan penetapan kebijakan tarif impor perlu dikaji baik dari sisi jenis komoditi maupun dari sisi karakteristik perusahaan. Kata Kunci: Liberalisasi Tarif Impor, Seleksi Pasar, Probabilitas Perusahaan Keluar Abstract Theoretically, the impact of output and input import tarif on firm’s performance is different, however this have never been shown empirically in Indonesia. This study aims at examining the effect of input and output tarifs on the possibility of firms to exit. Study utilized probit model which is considered as one of the Cummulative Distribution Function (CDF) Model by Indonesian Manufacturing Firms Data from 2003-2014 it was found that competition effects resulting from lower output tarifs exerts greater impact on the likelihood of exit but decreasing input tarifs will actually reduce the probability of exit firms. After classifying our sample into a different group based on observed characteristics of industry and firm, we found firms that produce consumer good, labor intensive firm, small firms, firms in competitive industry have a higher probability to exit. The study suggested that import tariff policy needs to be assessed both in terms of commodity types and in terms of firm characteristics. Keywords: Import Tarif Liberalization, Market Selection, Firm Exit JEL Classification: F13, L25, O24
DETERMINANTS OF INDONESIA’S EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS Ahmad Sohibil Kahfi
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 10 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.54

Abstract

Nilai ekspor Indonesia terus mengalami penurunan sejak 2012. Masalah ini menarik perhatian pemerintah Indonesia untuk segera meningkatkan performa ekspor, dimana salah satu sektor yang dapat ditingkatkan adalah sektor manufaktur. Studi ini menganalisis faktor penentu ekspor manufaktur di Indonesia sejak 2005 sampai 2014. Faktor utama yang dianalisis antara lain adalah nilai tukar rupiah, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP), dan kebijakan perdagangan. Faktor tersebut dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan random effect model. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa perubahan relatif dari nilai tukar, real GDP, jarak dua negara, dan tarif secara signifikan memengaruhi ekspor manufaktur di Indonesia. Beberapa rekomendasi terkait untuk pemerintah Indonesia antara lain adalah dengan menjaga ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara yang memiliki GDP tinggi, memperluas pasar ekspor Indonesia, menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar rupiah, mendukung industri lokal menggunakan teknologi maju, dan mendukung penyederhanaan proses impor. Indonesia’s export has been decreasing since 2012. This problem has raised government’s attention to increase the export performance. One sector that can be improved is manufacturing. This study analyzes the determinants of Indonesia’s manufacturing export from 2005 to 2014. The major factors examined in this study include real exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP) and trade policies. Those factors are examined by using panel data regression with a random effect model. The results revealed that relative change of exchange rate, real GDP, distance between two countries and average tariffs significantly affected the Indonesia’s manufacturing export. It is recommended that Indonesian government maintains the exports to countries which have high GDP, expand the export market, stabilize Rupiahs exchange rate, encourage local industries to use advanced technologies, and facilitate the simplification of import procedures.
PERBEDAAN TEKNOLOGI PRODUKSI: IMPLIKASI PADA KONTEN FAKTOR PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA-AMERIKA SERIKAT Berlian Sitorus
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 8 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1265.651 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.86

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan teknologi produksi antara Amerika Serikat (AS) dan Indonesia, khususnya untuk mengestimasi intensitas faktor produksi pada perdagangan bilateral kedua negara berdasarkan persyaratan Leamer (1980). Model penelitian mengacu pada definisi konten faktor perdagangan dari Trefler & Zhu (2010) berdasarkan data World Input-Output Database (WIOD) yang diuji dengan asumsi teknologi sama dan pada saat teknologi berbeda. Dalam konten faktor perdagangan bilateral, upah pekerja AS 16 kali upah pekerja Indonesia, namun secara total, rata-rata akses modal tenaga kerja AS 23 kali rata-rata akses modal tenaga kerja Indonesia dan nilai tambah dari tenaga kerja di AS 35 kali lebih tinggi dibanding di Indonesia. Dengan memperhitungkan produktivitas faktor produksi berdasarkan nilai tambah tersebut, ternyata Indonesia padat modal dan AS padat karya; dan disimpulkan juga bahwa teknologi produksi yang digunakan di AS berbeda dengan di Indonesia. Selama 2000-2009, sebagian besar, yaitu sekitar 84,57% dari 35 sektor produksi yang diamati adalah padat modal. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tenaga kerja, penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar modal dan teknologi yang baru diprioritaskan ke sektor-sektor yang masih rendah produktivitasnya seperti sektor pertanian sehingga pada gilirannya akan menambah volume dan nilai tambah ekspor Indonesia. This study aims to compare the production technology between the United States and Indonesia, especially to estimate the factor intensity of production on bilateral trade based on the Leamer’s requirements (1980). The research model refers to the definition of trade factor content of trade of Trefler and Zhu (2010) based on data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD). The model was tested based on two technology assumptions, similar technology and different technology. On the bilateral trade factor content, the labor prices of the U.S. was 16 times than Indonesian; however in overall, the average of capital access per labor of the U.S. was 23 times than Indonesian and the labor productivity in the U.S. was 35 times higher than in Indonesia. By accounting the production factors productivity based on value-added in exportimport of goods and services, Indonesia is capital intensive and the U.S. is labor intensive; and the production technology used in the U.S. is unlike that one used in Indonesia. In the period of 2000-2009, the production sectors, which are classified as capital intensive are around 84.57 percent. To increase labor productivity, the study recommends that the new capital stocks and technology should be prioritized to the sectors that are still low in productivity such as agriculture, which in turn will increase the volume and exports value-added of Indonesia.
MENENTUKAN PRODUK MAKANAN OLAHAN PRIORITAS EKSPOR INDONESIA Umar Fakhrudin; . Hasni
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 3 No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3630.484 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v3i1.171

Abstract

Processed Food is classified as Indonesia Potential Export Commodity, which its export in last five years (2003-2003) was growth for 15,6% per years In the world market, Indonesian Processed food market share relatively lower (approx. 0.7 % ) than global demand growth. The share market growth of Indonesian Processed Food is only 5% per year, meanwhile the global demand growth is 12% year. This stipulation makes Indonesia has potential chance to enlarge the market in the world. Indonesia should have effective strategy of making priority of the product. The product that is prioritized is going to be treating as the export accelerator. The product was chosen must have not only good export performance but also have potential global demand and potential domestics support as well as social economics impact. The result of this research is Indonesia gets an overview of the sustainable processed food products for the future and makes them as Indonesian brand image in the global market.
PENGEMBANGAN EKSPOR PRODUK KOMPONEN OTOMOTIF BERBAHAN BAKU KARET Reni K. Arianti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 3 No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4344.35 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v3i2.179

Abstract

The big potential of natural rubber as a raw material of rubber goods industry encourages the Government of Indonesia initiated as rubber goods manufacturers leading the world. Industrial rubber goods in question one is wood-fired industrial rubber automotive components. Results of the study indicate that products automotive components made of rubber from Indonesia have not been developed. This is reflected from (i) the market share of the world's only 0.23; (ii) competitiveness in export markets is still relatively low, (iii) the degree of diversification of products and markets are still relatively low, (iv) export is not sensitive to changes in market share, and (v) a low per capita exports. In addition, automotive components made of rubber from Indonesia had positive prospects on two things, namely, (i) there are 3 excellent products, 5 products a priority, and 3 potential products, and (ii) the performance of export products was generally both Indonesia cabaret venue in the country of Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Viet nam, the United States and Canada. Indonesia's automotive components industry made of rubber has not got special attention from the Government through policy and its development.
THE PROGRESSIVE EXPORT TAX AND INDONESIA’S PALM OIL PRODUCT EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS Immanuel; Suharno; Amzul Rifin
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 2 (2019):
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1220.446 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v13i2.417

Abstract

Abstrak Hubungan antara daya saing produk kelapa sawit dan intervensi kebijakan pemerintah di Indonesia masih sering menjadi perdebatan diantara pemangku kepentingan. Terkait dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan antara pajak ekspor progresif dengan perubahan pangsa ekspor CPO Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Refined Palm Oil (RPO) serta mengkaji daya saing kedua komoditi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Revealed Compared Advantage (RCA) dan Export Product Dynamic (EPD) untuk mengukur perubahan pangsa ekspor serta tingkat daya saing produk CPO dan RPO ke negara tujuan utama ekspor. Untuk melihat dampak kebijakan tersebut, kajian ini membandingkan sebelum dan sesudah diberlakukannya kebijakan pajak ekspor progresif pada akhir tahun 2007 dan menggunakan data bulanan ekspor produk CPO dan RPO periode 1997-2018. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa setelah diberlakukannya pajak ekspor progresif, pada komoditi CPO telah terjadi penurunan pangsa ekspor sebesar 21% dan pergeseran tingkat daya saing produk dari posisi Rising Star ke Lost Opportunity. Sebaliknya pada komoditi RPO terjadi peningkatan pangsa ekspor dan daya saing dari Falling Star ke Rising Star. Peningkatan pangsa ekspor dan daya saing RPO merupakan salah satu pencapaian dari tujuan kebijakan pajak ekspor. Analisis ini memberikan catatan penting bagi pemerintah dalam membuka alternatif pasar baru dengan tetap mempertahankan pangsa ekspor di negara tujuan ekspor utama. Kata Kunci: CPO, Pajak Ekspor, Daya saing, RCA, EPD Abstract The relationship between Indonesia’s palm oil product competitiveness and the government's policy intervention is still disputable among stakeholders. This research analyzes the association between the progressive export tax and the changes in export shares of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Refined Palm Oil (RPO) as well as the competitiveness of both commodities. Revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and export product dynamic (EPD) are used to measure the change in the export shares of CPO and RPO as well as of their export competitiveness to the main destination countries. To examine the impact of this policy, this research compares before and after the enactment of a progressive export tax policy at the end of 2007 and uses monthly export data for CPO and RPO products for the period 1997-2018. The result finds that after the enactment of the progressive export tax of CPO , the export share of CPO declined by 21% and the level of competitiveness of CPO products moved from Rising Star to Lost Opportunity compared with the condition during 1997-2007. In contrast, the export share of RPO products increased and its competitiveness level moved to a better position from Falling Star to Rising Star. Although shifting the export value of both CPO and RPO, as one of the objectives of the implementation of the export tax, was achieved, this study is highlighting essential commentary in which policymaker still needs to search for new export markets while maintaining export shares in the main export destinations. Keywords: CPO, Export Tax, Competitiveness, RCA, EPD JEL Classification: Q17, F13, O24
VOLATILITAS HARGA BAWANG MERAH DI INDONESIA Sahara; Mei Hardianti Utari; Zulva Azijah
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 2 (2019):
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (696.328 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v13i2.419

Abstract

Abstrak Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditi hortikultura yang strategis dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran (transmisi) dan asimetri harga bawang merah di Indonesia. Analisis asimetri harga dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Error Correction Models (ECM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi asimetri harga yang berarti bahwa transmisi harga atau harga yang diteruskan antara lembaga pemasaran. Hal ini disebabkan karena transmisi harga berlangsung secara tidak sempurna akibat adanya inefisiensi pasar baik dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Dalam hal ini produsen tidak mendapat manfaat atas kenaikan harga di tingkat konsumen dan konsumen tidak mendapat manfaat atas penurunan harga di tingkat produsen. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya campur tangan pemerintah untuk mengawasi rantai pemasaran sampai ke pasar induk. Pemerintah perlu menata distribusi sentra produksi, distribusi hasil panen antar wilayah, serta mengawasi dan mengevaluasi kebijakan harga bawang merah. Kebijakan-kebijakan tersebut bertujuan untuk menjamin kecukupan dan kelancaran distribusi bawang merah. Kata Kunci: Asimetri, Bawang Merah, ECM, Transmisi Harga. Abstract Shallot is one of the strategic horticultural commodities and has a high economic value. This study aims to analyze marketing (transmission) efficiency and asymmetry of the price shallots in Indonesia. Price asymmetry analysis is performed using the Error Correction Models (ECM) approach. The results showed that there had been price asymmetry which meant that the transmission of prices or prices were passed on between marketing institutions. This is due to the imperfect transmission of prices due to market inefficiencies both in the short and long term. In this case producers do not benefit from price increases at the consumer level and consumers do not benefit from price decreases at the producer level. The result of this research recommend the need for government intervention to oversee the marketing chain to the wholesale market. The government needs to organize the distribution of production centres, distribution of harvests between regions, and oversee and evaluate the shallot price policy. These policies aim to ensure the adequacy and smooth distribution of shallots. Key words : Asymmetry, ECM, Price Transmission, Shallot. JEL Classification : Q11, Q12, Q13
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PEMBELI ONLINE DI INDONESIA Ribut Nurul Tri Wahyuni; Sandra Logaritma
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 2 (2019):
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1363.008 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v13i2.420

Abstract

Abstrak Saat ini, teknologi berkembang pesat di Indonesia. Salah satu bentuk pemanfaatan teknologi adalah perdagangan berbasis online (e-commerce). E-commerce dapat memberikan banyak manfaat jika dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik dan didukung oleh regulasi pemerintah. Perkembangan e-commerce sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah pelanggan, tetapi saat ini baru 3,18% penduduk Indonesia yang telah melakukan pembelian secara online. Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi ‘persentase pembeli online’ di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data cross section, yaitu provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis jalur (path analysis) untuk melihat pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung dari variabel persentase pengguna internet per jumlah penduduk, pendapatan per kapita, dan rata-rata lama sekolah terhadap persentase pembeli online. Hasilnya adalah persentase pengguna internet berpengaruh langsung terhadap persentase pembeli online. Sedangkan pendapatan per kapita dan rata-rata lama sekolah berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap persentase pembeli online. Untuk mendukung peningkatan persentase pembeli online di Indonesia, pemerintah perlu meningkatkan anggaran untuk infrastruktur komunikasi, pendidikan, dan sumber daya manusia. Kata Kunci: E-commerce, Pembeli Online, Metode Analisis Jalur Abstract Nowadays, technology grows rapidly in Indonesia. One of the technology utilization is online shopping (e-commerce). E-commerce can provide benefits if it is implemented properly and supported by government regulations. The development of e-commerce is strongly influenced by the number of customers, but the percentage of Indonesians buying online is only 3.18%. This research discusses the influencing factors of online customers in Indonesia by using cross-section data (provinces in Indonesia in 2017). It uses the path analysis method to find the direct and indirect effect of the percentage of internet users per total population, income per capita, and educational attainment to the percentage of online consumers. The percentage of internet users has a direct effect on the percentage of online consumers. Income per capita and educational attainment have an indirect effect on the percentage of online consumers. To increase the percentage of online customers in Indonesia, the government needs to increase the budget on communication infrastructure, education, and human resources. Keywords: E-commerce, Online Customer, Path Analysis JEL Classification: C390, L810, M380
THE EFFECT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ON INDONESIAN BILATERAL TRADE WITH ASEAN COUNTRIES Dyah Titis Kusuma Wardani; Muhammad Azizurrohman; Aliza Hari Tanthowy
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 13 No 2 (2019):
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1380.112 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v13i2.421

Abstract

Abstrak Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) dan perdagangan memiliki keterkaitan untuk mendukung pencapaian efisiensi pasar melalui pengurangan biaya, peningkatan promosi dan penciptaan kerangka distribusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pengembangan TIK pada perdagangan bilateral antara Indonesia dan mitra dagangnya di negara-negara ASEAN. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka Model Gravitasi dengan data panel periode 2010-2017, dengan estimasi model random effect. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sembilan negara anggota ASEAN yang merupakan mitra dagang Indonesia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa, TIK memiliki dampak yang positif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara ASEAN. Variabel lain seperti PDB riil Indonesia and mitra dagang ASEAN serta populasi mitra dagang juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Sementara jarak dan nilai tukar riil memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap ekspor Indonesia ke ASEAN. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, beberapa implikasi kebijakan antara lain, Indonesia dapat mengembangkan kemitraan perdagangan strategis dengan negara-negara yang memiliki ukuran ekonomi besar dan telah mencapai pengembangan TIK yang tinggi seperti Singapura dan Malaysia, sehingga dapat meningkatkan volume perdagangan ke ASEAN terutama untuk produk-produk berbasis TIK. Kata Kunci: Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi; Perdagangan Bilateral; Indeks Pengembangan TIK (IPTIK); Model Gravitasi Abstract Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and trade have a relationship to support the achievement of market efficiency through cost reduction, increase promotion and distribution framework creation. This study aims to analyze the impacts of ICT Development on bilateral trade between Indonesia and its trading partners in the ASEAN countries. Using an extended panel gravity model framework and panel data models for the period 2010–2017 employing a random effect model estimator. The sample includes nine ASEAN member countries as Indonesia’s trading partners. Results indicate that ICT Development has positive and significant impacts on Indonesian export volume toward ASEAN countries. Other variables such as Indonesian RGDP, partners’ RGDP and population have a positive and significant effect on Indonesia export to ASEAN. Meanwhile, distance and real exchange rates have a negative and significant effect on Indonesian export. Based on estimation results, some policy implications can be derived. For instance, Indonesia may develop strategic trading partnerships with countries that have a large economic size and have achieved high levels of ICT development such as Singapore and Malaysia, in order to increase Indonesian trade volume to ASEAN countries, especially on ICT based products. Keywords: Information and Communication Technology; Bilateral Trade; ICT Development Index (IDI); Gravity Model JEL Classification: O33; F10; C43; C29

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