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INDONESIA
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
Published by Kementerian Perdagangan
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
First published in 2007, Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan (BILP) is a scientific journal published by the Trade Analysis dan Development Agency (Badan Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Perdagangan - BPPP), Ministry of Trade, Republic of Indonesia. This bulletin is expected to be a media of dissemination and analysis of research results to be used as references for academics, practitioners, policy-makers, and the general public. In collaboration with professional associations, The Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - PERHEPI), BILP publishes research reports and analysis of trade sector and/or sector-related trade which have not been published in any other journals/scholarly publications, either in Bahasa Indonesia or English. Publishing twice a year in July and December, this Bulletin is directly disseminated to stakeholders both in print and online.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 209 Documents
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ANALISIS HUBUNGAN HARGA TIMAH BKDI DAN LME SERTA KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR TIMAH INDONESIA Hasni Hasni
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1374.948 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.8

Abstract

Timah merupakan bahan tambang yang tidak terbarukan. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua sebagai produsen bijih timah terbesar dunia. Sejak 30 Agustus 2013, ekspor timah Indonesia harus melalui mekanisme transaksi di Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia (BKDI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara harga timah BKDI dan harga timah di London Metal Exchange (LME) serta kebijakan ekspor terhadap kinerja ekspor timah Indonesia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari BKDI, LME, Asian Metal dan BPS. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Granger causality menunjukkan bahwa setelah satu tahun penerapan ekspor timah melalui BKDI, harga timah BKDI dipengaruhi oleh harga timah LME pada rentang waktu satu hari kerja. Dari sisi penerimaan ekspor, kebijakan ekspor melalui BKDI dapat meningkatkan nilai ekspor timah bulanan ke Singapura. Pemerintah harus melanjutkan kebijakan ekspor timah yakni ekspor melalui Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia untuk mencegah ekspor timah ilegal dan meningkatkan daya saing serta nilai tambah produk timah ekspor Indonesia. Tin is a non-renewable mineral. Indonesia is the second largest producer of tin ore in the world. Since August 30 2013, Indonesian tin export has been done through The Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX) transaction mechanism. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ICDX’s tin price and the London Metal Exchange (LME) price as well as the effect of tin export mechanism through ICDX on the Indonesia’s tin export performance. The secondary data were taken from BKDI, LME, Asian Metal and BPS. The results showed that using Granger causality analysis, after one year the policy is being implemented, there is a relationship between ICDX’s tin price and LME price on one (working days) time lag. Tin export policy through ICDX mechanism can increase the value of monthly tin exports to Singapore, therefore it increases the export earning. The government needs to continue the tin export policy through the ICDX to prevent illegal tin export as well as to strenghten the competitiveness and value added of Indonesian tin export.
IKLIM USAHA INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN BIJI KAKAO Firman Mutakin; Tumpal Sihaloho
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 1 No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2703.072 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v1i1.291

Abstract

Indonesia is one among three major producers of cocoa beans. Nevertheless, industrial performance of cocoa beans industrial process bearish for the past few years. The purposes of this research are to analyse policies related to development the cocoa processing industry as well as analizing factor which cause low quality of cocoa beans. Factors that caused an uncondusif business climate on cocoa beans industry ar among of hers; high administrative fee in form of tax and entry charges for raw material that caused and increase in production cost structure of the industrial process of the cocoa beans, The low quality of the cocoa benas itself resulted from the un willingness of the farmers to ferment their products, ages of plantswhich more that its productive age and caused small beans producted, mixture between high quality and low quality beans and bugs infection of cocoa plants.
FASILITAS BEBAS BEA MASUK BAGI LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DAN MANFAATNYA BAGI INDONESIA Adrian Lubis
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (513.888 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.114

Abstract

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji manfaat pemberian fasilitas bebas bea masuk bagi negara penerima yang dikelompokkan ke dalam LDC dan manfaatnya bagi Indonesia sebagai negara pemberi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan, Indeks Intra Industry Trade, Uji Beda dan Model Keseimbangan Umum GTAP. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas bantuan akses pasar tersebut tidak merugikan industri nasional dan merupakan sumber alternatif untuk memperoleh bahan baku. Hal tersebut akan semakin kuat jika Indonesia memanfaatkan fleksibilitas sebagai negara berkembang yang tidak diwajibkan untuk menghapus bea masuk seluruh pos tarif yang dikenakan kepada negara-negara LDC. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya fasilitasi tersebut harus diikuti dengan pemberlakuan surat keterangan asal yang ketat untuk meminimalkan kemungkinan penyelundupan dari negara bukan anggota LDC. This study is conducted to investigate the benefits of the duty-free facility for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) as receivers and the benefits for Indonesia as a donor. The methods of analysis used in this study are Trade Specialization Index, Index of Intra Industry Trade, Differential Test and General Equilibrium Model of GTAP. The study found that the duty-free facility is not detrimental to the national industry and as an alternative source of obtaining raw materials. It will be stronger if Indonesia utilizing the flexibility as developing country with no obligation to remove all import duties charged to LDC countries. However, in practice, such kind of facilitation should be followed by the application of strict certificate of origin to minimize the possibility of smuggling from countries other than the members of the LDC.
KAJIAN KEMUNGKINAN PEMBENTUKAN KERJASAMA PERDAGANGAN DAN INVESTASI ASIA TIMUR (DAMPAK PERKEMBANGAN KERJASAMA EKONOMI KAWASAN ASIA TIMUR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA) Umar Fakhrudin; Irma Rahmawati
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 2 No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7262.853 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v2i2.165

Abstract

This study to describes how Indonesia can puts its position in the possibility of the formation in the East Asian economic area. Seen from the Gravity Model Analysis and Computed General Equilibrium (CGE), Indonesia could reap bigger profits if this area formed. However this matter also need to give attention to the issues of regionalization of ASEAN as well as other international political issues. Indonesia’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is still low and also needs to be improved in the short term while increasing the international trade flows. Indonesia also needs to takes strategic position in the production network in this region, with attention to the production relation both of forward and backward llinkage, on the production integrated trend line in East Asian which is more strengthened.
POSISI DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KINERJA JASA PERGUDANGAN DI INDONESIA Bagus Wicaksena
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 10 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.56

Abstract

Jasa pergudangan merupakan sektor usaha yang diperlukan untuk merespon perubahan tren logistik, potensi pertumbuhan perdagangan, serta tuntutan efisiensi dalam menghadapi liberalisasi sektor jasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja jasa pergudangan sehingga kebijakan yang efektif dapat dirumuskan, mengingat jasa pergudangan bersifat lintas sektoral. Untuk mengetahui posisi jasa pergudangan, digunakan analisis SWOT, sedangkan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja jasa pergudangan digunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Berdasarkan analisis SWOT, ekspansi jasa pergudangan Indonesia melalui peningkatan kualitas SDM, penerapan teknologi, dan klasterisasi daerah pergudangan perlu dilakukan, sehingga peluang yang ada dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Hasil analisis SEM dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) menunjukkan bahwa variabel kebijakan perpajakan dan upah merupakan faktor yang paling signifikan dalam mendukung ekspansi jasa pergudangan. Untuk itu, kebijakan yang dapat menimbulkan pajak ganda, misalnya pembebanan pajak penghasilan pada setiap proses logistik untuk satu produk, harus dihindari. Penetapan upah minimum regional tidak perlu dinaikkan karena dapat menghambat ekspansi usaha. Warehouse service is a business sector which plays a significant role in addressing some changes in logistic trend, potentials of trade growth, and the needs of efficiency as a result of services trade liberalization. This study aims at finding out positions and enabling factors which affect warehouse services performance. These are needed to formulate an effective policy since warehouse services operation is inter-sectoral. SWOT analysis is used to analyse the positions of warehouse services, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to identify enabling factors of warehouse services. SWOT analysis shows that warehouse services in Indonesia needs to be expanded by human resource development, technology, and warehousing cluster policy in order to grab maximum opportunities. The results of Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square finds tax shows that tax policy variable and regional wage appears to be the most significant variable that supports expansion of warehouse services. Therefore, any policies that potentially cause double taxation, such as the imposition of income tax of one product in every logistic process must be eliminated. Besides, regional minimum wage should not be increased as it would hamper the business expansion.
DAMPAK DEVALUASI YUAN TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA PENDEKATAN MODEL PERSAMAAN SIMULTAN Febria Ramana; Nasrudin Nasrudin
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 12 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1174.636 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v12i1.234

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak devaluasi yuan terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan skenario simulasi model persamaan simultan dengan metode estimasi Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Hasil dari analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa devaluasi yuan berdampak signifikan terhadap perekonomian Indonesia melalui jalur perdagangan dan investasi. Pada blok perdagangan, devaluasi yuan menyebabkan ekspor Indonesia ke negara lain mengalami penurunan, terutama ekspor ke China karena devaluasi yuan lebih besar dibandingkan rupiah. Hal ini membuat produk China relatif lebih murah dibandingkan Indonesia. Pada blok investasi, total investasi meningkat karena investor beralih dari China ke Indonesia yang didorong tingkat pengembalian modal di China menurun. Sementara itu, pada blok moneter, nilai rupiah dan PDB Indonesia menurun akibat penurunan net ekspor lebih besar dibandingkan peningkatan FDI. Devaluasi rupiah pun memicu imported inflation. Secara keseluruhan, devaluasi yuan berdampak negatif bagi perekonomian Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi Indonesia untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap China, terutama dalam perdagangan. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan diversifikasi pasar dan peningkatan kualitas produk ekspor. This paper examines and provides an analysis regarding the impact of an economic shock, yuan devaluation, on the Indonesian economy. We analyze a simulation scenario by using simultaneous equation model with two-stage least square (2SLS) method. Empirical findings exhibit that shock has the significant impact on Indonesian economy through both of trade and investment transmissions. In trade block, Indonesian export to China has the most decreasing rather than others countries because of yuan more decrease than rupiah. In investment block, a total of investment gets the impact to rise, particularly in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) from China, caused by decreasing wealth of foreign investors in China.   Meanwhile, in the monetary block, the value of rupiah and Indonesian GDP simultaneously get the impact to decline, whereas yuan devalution leads Indonesian inflation to rise. Therefore, it is essential for the government to decrease Indonesian dependence on China, particularly in trade block. Some options which government should implement are market diversification and increasing export products quality.
TINJAUAN TERHADAP PRODUKSI, KONSUMSI, DISTRIBUSI DAN DINAMIKA HARGA CABE DI INDONESIA Miftah Farid; Nugroho Ari Subekti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 6 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1000.334 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.132

Abstract

Sampai saat ini belum ada kebijakan tata niaga komoditas cabe sehingga pergerakan harganya sangat ditentukan oleh mekanisme pasar. Sejalan dengan isu tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (I) menggambarkan perkembangan produksi, konsumsi dan distribusi cabe di Indonesia; (II) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat harga dan disparitas harga cabe antar daerah. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan regresi sederhana. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa fluktuasi harga cabe terjadi karena produksi cabe bersifat musiman. Lebih lanjut, harga cabe dapat berfluktuasi karena faktor hujan, biaya produksi dan panjangnya saluran distribusi. Sementara itu, disparitas harga cabe antar daerah terjadi karena pusat produksi cabe terkonsentrasi di Jawa dan kualitas infrastruktur jalan yang kurang memadai. There is no regulated market of chili so that the price movement is basically determined by market mechanisms. In line with this issue, the objectives of this study are: (I) to describe factors that influence the fluctuation price of chili; (II) to describe the factors that influence the spatial price disparity of chili in Indonesia. The methods used are descriptive statistic and simple regression. The result of this study indicates that production seasonality has played an important role on chili price fluctuation. In addition, chili price fluctuation has also affected by rainfall, cost of production and long distribution channel. Meanwhile, spatial price disparity has been attributed to the production concentrated in Java and poor road infrastructure.
PEMBIAYAAN PERDAGANGAN DALAM UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN EKSPOR UKM: ANALISIS PANEL DATA 1999-2007 Nur Rakhman Setyoko; Firman Mutakin; I Made Dodi Narindra
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 3 No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4234.383 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v3i2.181

Abstract

Panel data analysis with fixed effect method is used to analyse data collected in a range of year 1999-2007. This study aims to figure out the effectiveness of trade financing implemented on Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Export development in Indonesia.  Trade Financing contributed significantly and positively on non-oil and gas export of SMEs in Indonesia. It is clearly that accessibility improvement to trade financing will be able to open more opportunity for SMEs to improve their export performance. Regression output on panel data analysis for each sector of SMEs has concluded that working capital which has been regarded as the dominant factor for policy maker, to make policies in regard of SMEs export performance in Indonesia. Capital expansion with no improvement on human resources and market diversification will not give a strong impact to SMESs export development in Indonesia. Trade financing gives more bargain power for SMEs to importir. More bargain power will give an incentive to exporter to raise the price in international trade.
ANALISIS MANFAAT SKEMA SUBSIDI RESI GUDANG TERHADAP PETANI DAN INDUSTRI KAKAO . Hasni
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 8 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8040.251 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.91

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manfaat yang diperoleh petani dan industri pengolahan kakao nasional, jika memanfaatkan skema Sistem Resi Gudang (SRG) yang diberikan oleh pemerintah. Pada skema SRG, pemerintah memberikan subsidi bunga yang akan meringankan beban petani dan menghilangkan ketergantungan petani terhadap pinjaman tengkulak. Skema SRG yang diusulkan terbukti dapat mengatasi permasalahan pendanaan petani kakao dan permasalahan bahan baku industri pengolahan kakao. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penyerapan bahan baku yaitu biji kakao fermentasi lokal oleh industri kakao nasional, dengan menggunakan skema SRG meningkat dari 35,3% menjadi 72,4% sedangkan impor biji kakao turun dari 64,7% menjadi 27,6%. Petani memperoleh peningkatan nilai manfaat 229,8% dibanding dengan kondisi sebelum SRG, sedangkan total nilai manfaat pada sistem kakao nasional dengan penggunaan skema SRG mengalami peningkatan 19,5%. This research aims to analyze the benefits of the scheme of warehouse receipt subsidy for both local cocoa farmers and cocoa processed industries. In the scheme government would give an interest subsidy which could help ease the burden of the cocoa farmers and reduce their dependency on money lenders. The result of the proposed model for the scheme could overcome the financial problems of farmer and raw material problem for the cocoa processed industries. Using the scheme, the proportion of the local fermented cocoa bean as a raw material increases from 35,3% to 72,4%, while the import of cocoa bean falls from 64,7% to 27,6%. The farmers could get an increase in the benefit value as large as 229,8% of the value without the scheme while the total benefit value for national cocoa system increases by 19,5%.
DAMPAK KERJA SAMA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA DENGAN EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION (EAEU) TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA Deky Paryadi; Aziza Rahmaniar Salam
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 12 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1071.959 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v12i2.320

Abstract

 Abstrak Kawasan Eurasia merupakan wilayah yang penting secara geopolitik dan geostrategi bagi perdagangan Indonesia. Melihat potensi yang dimiliki oleh negara-negara yang tergabung dalam Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), Indonesia diharapkan dapat memanfaatkan peluang yang terbuka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi daya saing komoditas serta dampak kerja sama perdagangan Indonesia-EAEU. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Trade Complementary Index (TCI), Revealed Symetric Comparative Advantages (RSCA) dan Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model dengan data dasar GTAP versi 9 menggunakan enam simulasi. Berdasarkan analisis TCI, tingkat kesesuaian ekspor EAEU terhadap struktur impor Indonesia lebih tinggi dibandingkan ekspor Indonesia terhadap struktur impor EAEU. Dengan melihat dampak kerja sama perdagangan Indonesia-EAEU terhadap makroekonomi Indonesia, penurunan tarif bea masuk sebesar 50% untuk seluruh produk Indonesia dan EAEU merupakan alternatif kebijakan terbaik. Indonesia perlu menjajaki kemungkinan kerja sama dengan EAEU dengan pendekatan berupa eliminasi 50% pada seluruh pos tarif secara bertahap. Selain itu, disarankan Indonesia fokus pada komoditas yang memiliki daya saing di pasar EAEU yaitu sektor animal; vegetable; foodstuffs; plastics/ rubber; raw hides; woods; textile; stone/glass; machinery; dan transportation.AbstractThe Eurasian region is an important area for Indonesia in term of geopolitic and geostrategy. Due to the economic potential of EAEU countries, Indonesia must take advantage of it. This study aims to determine the potential competitiveness of commodities and the impact of trade cooperation between Indonesia-EAEU. Methods used in this study were Trade Complementary Index (TCI), Revealed Symetric Comparative Advantages (RSCA) and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model utilizing basic data of GTAP version 9 of six simulations. By using TCI method it was found that the comformity level of EAEU's export to Indonesia's import structure is higher than Indonesia's exports to the EAEU import structure. Looking at the impact of Indonesia-EAEU trade cooperation on Indonesia’s economy, tariff reduction of 50% for all Indonesian products and EAEU is the best policy alternative for Indonesia. Therefore, It is a must to Indonesia to explore the possibility of cooperation with EAEU with a 50% elimination scheme gradually to all tariff lines. Indonesia should also focus on commodities which have competitiveness in EAEU market i.e. animal; vegetable; foodstuffs; plastics/rubber; raw hides; woods; textile; stone/glass; machinery; and transportation.

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