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Communications in Science and Technology
Published by Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia
ISSN : 25029258     EISSN : 25029266     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Communication in Science and Technology [p-ISSN 2502-9258 | e-ISSN 2502-9266] is an international open access journal devoted to various disciplines including social science, natural science, medicine, technology and engineering. CST publishes research articles, reviews and letters in all areas of aforementioned disciplines. The journal aims to provide comprehensive source of information on recent developments in the field. The emphasis will be on publishing quality articles rapidly and making them freely available to researchers worldwide. All articles will be indexed by Google Scholar, DOAJ, PubMed, Google Metric, Ebsco and also to be indexed by Scopus and Thomson Reuters in the near future therefore providing the maximum exposure to the articles. The journal will be important reading for scientists and researchers who wish to keep up with the latest developments in the field.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 209 Documents
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Synthesis of Si/SiO2 core/shell fluorescent submicron-spheres for monitoring the accumulation of colloidal silica during the growth of diatom Chaetoceros sp. Quynh, Luu Manh; Huy, Hoang Van; Thien, Nguyen Duy; Van, Le Thi Cam; Dung, Le Viet
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.661

Abstract

Marine diatoms play a very crucial role in carbon export, and current food-web and become an important factor in global silica cycle. This then has made the mechanism of their biosilicification interesting to be a research subject. The classical theory states that the silica metabolism has been originated from the absorption of silicate ions, which might not give a suitable explanation for the solid silica silicification. In this study, mono-disperse Si/SiO2 fluorescent submicron-spheres were synthesized in aqueous solution, and applied in monitoring the extracellular solid silica accumulation of Chaetoceros sp. diatom. The Si/SiO2 submicron particles emitted light-blue color with the spectrum centered at 440 nm under the excitation of 365 nm UV light, similar to the typical excitation/emission pair of the DAPI fluorophore (excitation/emission: 358 nm/461 nm). The fluorescence-microscopic investigation showed that the Si/SiO2 particles delocalized on the diatoms’ surface and increased a silicic-acid-level surrounding the microalgae. As a consequence, the growth rate of the diatoms increased as the concentration of the SiO2 particles was at 120 mg/L, and reached 1.5 times higher than the growth rate calculated from the F2 media. The study not only introduces a new aspect to the extracellular metabolism of microalgae biosilicification corresponding to the global silica cycle, but also presents a new-type of culturing media using SiO2 nanoparticles for diatom cultivation, which increases the growth rate of artificial diatom-culturing for further applications.
Studies on thermal and mechanical behavior of nano TiO2 - epoxy polymer composite Sagar, J. S.; Madhu, G. M.; Koteswararao, Jammula; Dixit, Pradipkumar
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.667

Abstract

The present study purposely is to study the properties of TiO2-epoxy composites. TiO2 was synthesized using the peptization and hydrolysis method and the synthesized powder is in anatase form. The present work aimed to develop the low TiO2 filler epoxy composites for the improved thermal and mechanical properties. The synthesized TiO2 was used as a filler along with epoxy composite and the epoxy - TiO2 nanocomposites were fabricated using the low filler concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% by weight. The glass transition temperature (Tg), regardless of the nanoparticles, was almost the same at 71.23oC. Tensile strength was maximum at 0.5%wt.; further increase in filler loading resulted in a linear reduction of tensile strength. Tensile modulus increased linearly and was found to be maximum at 2.5wt%. Meanwhile, compressive strength was maximum at 0.5%, and compressive modulus increased with filler increase. The present work mainly aimed to develop low filler concentrations.
Adsorption studies of KOH-modified hydrochar derived from sugarcane bagasse for dye removal: Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic study Lestari, Dwi Indah; Yuliansyah, Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman; Budiman, Arief
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.669

Abstract

Toxicity of methylene blue (MB) in water bodies has a negative effect on environment and living organisms. The presence of MB in water could last longer in view of the non-biodegradable characteristic. In this study, hydrochar was used as adsorbent to remove MB from aqueous solution. Hydrochar derived from bagasse was successfully prepared by hydrothermal carbonization treatment at temperature of 270oC, and pressure of 10 Bar for 30 minutes. For enhancing the adsorption ability, hydrochar was activated by adding KOH that was able to increase the percent removal by ~11%. The hydrochar was characterized using FTIR before and after adsorption. The results showed that the dominant functional groups of hydrochar included O-H, C=O, -O- and aromatic compounds. Whereas, the functional group of azo groups such as N-H and N=N appeared after adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) was 5.1204 mg/g, while the adsorption isotherm of MB onto hydrochar followed the Langmuir and Freundlich model. The adsorption mechanism belongs to chemical adsorption, and the rate of diffusion can be neglected because the adsorption kinetics fitted well with pseudo-second order and the value of k2 > kdif > k1. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process is classified as endothermic and reversible at room temperature. The results showed that hydrochar could be the alternative adsorbent for removing MB in wastewater. In addition, sugarcane bagasse has a great potential as feedstock of hydrochar.
EEG band power analysis corresponding to salivary amylase activity during stressful computer gameplay Sahroni, Alvin; Mahananto, Faizal; Zakaria, Hasballah; Setiawan, Hendra
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.676

Abstract

The cortisol and norepinephrine from human salivary can represent psychological conditions. A portable salivary amylase monitor device (sAA) has existed; however, how the sAA corresponds to the central nervous system changes is still limited to carry out. Twenty university students aged between 20 and 22 years participated in which they played a stressful computer game during the experiment. Nineteen EEG electrodes were attached to the head scalp while the relative power on the delta, theta, alpha, and beta-band was calculated. The sAA value was obtained using a portable device called Nipro Cocorometer from Japan. The sAA levels and the brain's relative band power increased. Beta waves of the brain's right hemisphere were found higher than that of the left hemisphere, especially on the right temporal (T4, p < 0.01). Then, we concluded that the beta-band power on the right hemisphere corresponds to wthe sAA changes.
Manufacturing of high brightness dissolving pulp from sansevieria-trifasciata fiber by effective sequences processes Yusnimar; Evelyn; Aman, Azka; Chairul; Rahmadahana, Suci; Amri, Amun
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.681

Abstract

The need of dissolving pulp (DP) for rayon fiber production is increasing rapidly in recent years. Sustainable sources of DP raw materials and an effective manufacturing process are urgently required. This study aims to manufacture dissolving pulp (DP) with high brightness from Sansevieria-trifasciata (ST) fiber through the pre-hydrolysis, soda-Anthraquinone (Soda-AQ) cooking, and chlorine-free bleaching processes. The cellulose content, kappa number, pulp yield, and viscosity were analyzed. The results showed that the ?-cellulose content in ST raw material (39.43%) was relatively similar to the ?-cellulose content in Acacia pulping kraft (39.2%). Furthermore, the variations in pre-hydrolysis time affected the Kappa number, pulp yield, and viscosity. The DP obtained by the elementary chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching process had a viscosity of 9.3 cP, ?-cellulose content of 97.7%, and the brightness of 90.1% which was higher than the ISO standard of pulp brightness. The high DP brightness obtained from this unique combination of pre-hydrolysis, soda-AQ cooking and chlorine-free bleaching sequences has great potential for further development, as it can be used in viscose rayon staple fibers production.
A review of measurement of electromagnetic emission in electronic product: Techniques and challenges Yuwono, Tito; Baharuddin, Mohd Hafiz; Misran, Norbahiah; Ismail, Mahamod; Mansor, Mohd Fais
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.727

Abstract

Nowadays, electronic products are being used extensively in many fields and applications. The dense population of electronic devices in human life has become a challenge for microwave engineers to ensure that their products can meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards. Complex electronic products with smaller sizes and denser components will be a challenge for compliance with EMC standards. In addition, the occurrence of non-stationary emission at certain operating modes becomes a challenge for analysis. Error in analyzing EM emissions will make the products unable to meet the requirements of EMC standards; hence, they will be prohibited to be marketed. Currently, there are two methods of emission analysis, i.e. by measurement and modeling or computation. There are some problems, however, in the analysis of EM emissions regarding the area of test, complexity, DUT positioning error, installation cost, and time consumption. In this paper, the analysis techniques for EM emissions including Open Area Test Site (OATS), Anechoic chamber, Transverse Electromagnetics TEM Cell, Compact Antenna Test Range (CATR) and near field scanning are reviewed comprehensively. This survey covered EMC standards, principles of EM emission measurement techniques, advantages and disadvantages of EM emission measurement techniques, studies and applications of each technique, recommendations for which technique to be used, and challenges for future research in EM emission measurement. The final section of this paper discusses the challenges for near-field measurements related to the non-stationary emissions phenomenon. This papers also presents the challenges of how to detect and characterize them.
Spontaneous gaze interaction based on smooth pursuit eye movement using difference gaze pattern method Murnani, Suatmi; Setiawan, Noor Akhmad; Wibirama, Sunu
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.739

Abstract

Human gaze is a promising input modality for being able to be used as natural user interface in touchless technology during Covid-19 pandemic. Spontaneous gaze interaction is required to allow participants to directly interact with an application without any prior eye tracking calibration. Smooth pursuit eye movement is commonly used in this kind of spontaneous gaze-based interaction. Many studies have been focused on various object selection techniques in smooth pursuit-based gaze interaction; however, challenges in spatial accuracy and implementation complexity have not been resolved yet. To address these problems, we then proposed an approach using difference patterns between gaze and dynamic objects' trajectories for object selection named Difference Gaze Pattern method (DGP). Based on the experimental results, our proposed method yielded the best object selection accuracy of and success time of ms. The experimental results also showed the robustness of object selection using difference patterns to spatial accuracy and it was relatively simpler to be implemented. The results also suggested that our proposed method can contribute to spontaneous gaze interaction.
Concise convolutional neural network model for fault detection Al Firdausi, Muhammad; Ahmad, Shafiq
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.746

Abstract

Fault detection is an urgent need for maintenance to obtain the optimal scheduling of production activities, improve system reliability, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. Many studies published in recent years focus on machine learning models to detect any system anomalies in line with the era of big data and the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). Say, a working condition of bearing can be monitored and then any fault can be detected using the vibration analysis of bearing acceleration data. Most of the published works are presented based upon the knowledge of signal processing in which the result depends heavily on feature extraction. It becomes a challenge then to apply a machine learning algorithm directly to the raw acceleration data as it has been successfully applied to raw data in other science and engineering domains. In this article, a concise Convolutional Neural Networks-based deep learning model is proposed for bearing fault detection. The proposed model was concise with 98% less number of parameters compared to other well-known models. It produced 21.21% and 7.03% better accuracy and fault detection rate, respectively. The model was also tested in different operating parameter environments and still gave an excellent result. Since the proposed concise architecture of the model needed short training time, it is deemed suitable for application on manufacturing floor where the pace of production moves fast and the change of the production machine configuration likely occurs.
Domestic waste (eggshells and banana peels particles) as sustainable and renewable resources for improving resin-based brakepad performance: Bibliometric literature review, techno-economic analysis, dual-sized reinforcing experiments, to comparison ... Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani; Ragadhita, Risti; Fiandini, Meli; Al Husaeni, Dwi Fitria; Al Husaeni, Dwi Novia; Fadhillah, Farid
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.757

Abstract

The objective of this study is to develop a new environmentally-friendly brake pad made from eggshells (Es) and banana peels (BPs) as reinforcement agents. E and BP particles as dual reinforcement with various compositions were combined. The E/BP mixture was then embedded on a polymer matrix composing a resin/hardener mixture in a 1:1 ratio. As a standard, brake pads using a single reinforcement of E and BP particles were also fabricated. Physical properties (i.e. particle size, surface roughness, morphology, and density), as well as mechanical properties (i.e. hardness, wear rate, and friction coefficient properties) were investigated. It was observed that using dual reinforcements was preferable (compared to using single reinforcements) because they had a synergistic effect on the mechanical properties of the brake pad. The best mechanical properties were found in dual reinforcements of brake pad specimens using E/BP particles with a higher BP ratio in which the value of the stiffness test, puncture test, wear rate, and coefficient of friction were 4.5 MPa, 86.80, 0.093×10-4 g/s.mm2, and 1.67×10-4, respectively. A high BP particle ratio played a dominant role in dual reinforcements, increasing the resin's bonding ability and resulting in good adhesion between the reinforcement and matrix. When compared to commercial brake pads, the brake pad specimens fabricated in this study met the standards. The techno-economic analysis also confirmed the prospective production of brake pads from E and BP particles (compared to commercial brake pads). From this research, it is expected that environmentally friendly and low-cost brake pads can be used to replace the dangerous friction materials.
Electricity generation and winery wastewater treatment using silica modified ceramic separator integrated with yeast-based microbial fuel cell Michu, Panisa; Chaijak, Pimprapa
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.1.2022.799

Abstract

The ceramic separator has been interested in low-cost alternative proton exchange membranes in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). In this study, the silica-modified ceramic separator has been integrated with the yeast-based MFC for electricity generation and phenol treatment from the winery wastewater. The 30% (w/w) silica powder was mixed with the 70% (w/w) natural clay. The modified ceramic plates (0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 cm of thickness) were prepared at 680°C and used for MFC operation. As an anolyte, synthetic winery wastewater (2,000 mg COD/L and 100 mg/L phenol) with 5% (v/v) ethanol was used. The ethanol-tolerant yeast Pichia sp. ET-KK was used as an anodic catalyst. The results showed the maximal power density of 0.212 W/m2 and phenol removal of 95.05% were reached from the 0.2-thick ceramic plate integrated MFC. This study demonstrated that the silica-modified ceramic separator has a high potential for enhancing electricity generation in the yeast-based MFC.

Page 9 of 21 | Total Record : 209

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