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Communications in Science and Technology
Published by Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia
ISSN : 25029258     EISSN : 25029266     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Communication in Science and Technology [p-ISSN 2502-9258 | e-ISSN 2502-9266] is an international open access journal devoted to various disciplines including social science, natural science, medicine, technology and engineering. CST publishes research articles, reviews and letters in all areas of aforementioned disciplines. The journal aims to provide comprehensive source of information on recent developments in the field. The emphasis will be on publishing quality articles rapidly and making them freely available to researchers worldwide. All articles will be indexed by Google Scholar, DOAJ, PubMed, Google Metric, Ebsco and also to be indexed by Scopus and Thomson Reuters in the near future therefore providing the maximum exposure to the articles. The journal will be important reading for scientists and researchers who wish to keep up with the latest developments in the field.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 234 Documents
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Physical modeling of magma chamber of slamet volcano by means of satellite gravimetric data Sehah, Sehah; Prabowo, Urip Nurwijayanto; Raharjo, Sukmaji Anom; Ikhwana, Aina Zahra
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.1001

Abstract

Slamet Volcano (3,432 m) is the highest volcano in Central Java, Indonesia, with a weak explosive type of eruption compared to other active volcanoes. Designing the magma chamber model may help reveal the characteristics of Slamet Volcano. The modelling uses the gravimetric satellite data from GGMplus, which is best in spatial resolution compared to other satellite data, i.e. 220 m. Data processing begins with Bouguer correction and terrain correction and has resulted in complete Bouguer anomalies data, with values ranging from 11.068 – 117.451 mGal. Further, residual Bouguer anomalies data were obtained after data reduction to the horizontal surface and removal of regional anomalies data, to obtain values ranging from -67.569 – 38.808 mGal. The residual anomaly contour map shows the lowest anomalous value is under the volcanic cone at positions of 109.21967° E and 7.24281° S which is estimated to be the location of the magma chamber of Slamet Volcano. However, the inversion modeling resulting from the residual Bouguer anomalies data shows that the magma chamber of Slamet Volcano can be observed clearly at positions of 109.22053° E and 7.24719° S. The location of the magma chamber is not perfectly vertical under the volcanic cone but has a slight slope. The obtained model of the magma chamber has a relatively small volume and shallow depth, i.e. about 1 – 4 km. The obtained physical parameters of the magma chamber impact the characteristics of the eruption of Slamet Volcano which tend to be weak explosive.
Green synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using Anredera cordifolia leaf extract and their antioxidant activity Munandar, Nurharis; Kasim, Syaharuddin; Arfah, Rugaiyah; Basir, Djabal Nur; Hala, Yusafir; Zakir, Muhammad; Natsir, Hasnah
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.1004

Abstract

Our present study describes the green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using a leaf extract from Anredera cordifolia (AC). The presence of flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids in the plant extract was confirmed by phytochemical analysis, and these chemicals can be used as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents. UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM-EDS were used to characterize the CuONPs. The UV-Vis spectroscopy of the biosynthesized CuONPs revealed an absorption peak at 325 nm. The XRD graph also revealed that the Debye-Scherrer formula observed an average crystalline size of around 43.47 nm. EDS analysis confirmed the composition and purity of CuONPs. The presence of functional groups -OH, C=O, and C-O triggers the synthesis of CuONPs, according to FT-IR analysis. Furthermore, the CuONPs antioxidant property inhibited free radicals as antioxidants with an IC50 value of 34.20 g/mL.
Modification of pristine layered double hydroxide to form metal oxide composites as an anionic dye photodegradation catalysts Yuliasari, Nova; Amri; Mohadi, Risfidian; Elfita; Lesbani, Aldes
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.1009

Abstract

Pristine layered double hydroxide (LDH) in the form of clay Mg/Al LDH was enhanced its catalytic ability by impregnating metal oxides to form Mg/Al-metal oxide composites in congo red (CR) degradation. The composite was calcined at a not high temperature of 300 oC and characterized using SEM and DRUV. In this report, the photodegradation of CR as anionic dye was optimized based on the variables of pH, catalyst weight and time radiation. The stability of the catalyst was studied from the percent degradation in the recycling test. The characterization of the catalyst that has undergone 5th regeneration cycles was carried out using XRD and FTIR. The results of this study revealed that catalysis by Mg/Al-metal oxide composites resulted in a better percent degradation, rate constant and materials stability than pristine Mg/Al LDH. Mg/Al LDH, Mg/Al-TiO2 and Mg/Al-ZnO catalyzed the photodegradation of CR by 65.97%, 73.06 % and 86.86%, respectively.
Potential of silica from water treatment sludge modified with chitosan for Pb(II) and color adsorption in sasirangan waste solution Wicakso, Doni Rahmat; Mirwan, Agus; Agustin, Era; Nopembriani, Nova Fitria; Firdaus, Ikhsan; Fadillah, Muhammad
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.7.2.2022.1041

Abstract

Water treatment sludge (WTS) still contains a lot of silica oxide (SiO2) as much as 43.12-66.90% by weight and can act as an adsorbent to be applied to the treatment of Sasirangan wastewater. Silica extraction from WTS was carried out by microwave-assisted leaching, which - compared to conventional extraction - had several advantages including high extraction yields, fast, uniform, and more selective processing time. In addition, Sasirangan liquid waste is a by-product of the dyeing process of Sasirangan cloth, which still contains heavy metals in amounts exceeding the quality standard. This study aims to extract silica from WTS by microwave-assisted leaching process to synthesize silica modified by chitosan (Si-Kit) as an adsorbent to reduce Pb(II) from Sasirangan wastewater, and to obtain a kinetic model of the adsorption process. The silica from microwave-assisted leaching process (Si-MaL) and Si-Kit adsorbents were characterized using FTIR and SEM. The results showed that the dominant functional groups of Si-Kit included Si-O-Si, Si-O-C stretching vibrations, and stretching vibration of C=N showing that the condensation between aldehyde groups and amino groups occurred to form base after the addition of glutaraldehyde. The SEM images showed that Si-MaL and Si-Kit adsorbent obviously increased in particle size with the presence of visible particles of homogeneous granules and large pores. The removal efficiency percentage of Pb(II) and color occurred at 6% w/v adsorbent weight and 70 min was 87.20% and 61.87% respectively. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) and color followed the zero order kinetics model at weight variation of 6%-w/v based on the value of R2 close to one and the adsorption capacity of Pb(II) ion and color were 12.01 mg g-1 and 467 mg g-1, respectively.
Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red dyes from aqueous solutions by bentonite-Fe3O4 magnetic Riyanti, Fahma; Hasanudin, Hasanudin; Rachmat, Addy; Purwaningrum, Widia; Hariani, Poedji Loekitowati
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1007

Abstract

This study describes the co-precipitation synthesis of magnetic bentonite-Fe3O4 for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and Congo red pigments under visible light. Bentonite-Fe3O4 composites were produced using the mass ratio of 2:1 and 1:1 for bentonite to Fe3O4, respectively. X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), BET surface area, Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV DRS) were used to characterize the materials. The bentonite-Fe3O4 (1:1) composite exhibited a greater surface area in comparison to the bentonite-Fe3O4 (2:1) composite with a measured value of 106.6 m2/g. It is a superparamagnetic material with a band gap of 2.25 eV and a saturation magnetization of 69.64 emu/g. The photocatalytic degradation of dye using bentonite-Fe3O4 (1:1) with the initial dye concentration of 25 mg/L, volume of 50 mL, catalyst dose of 0.05 g/L, addition of 3 mL H2O2, and 90 minutes of visible irradiation resulted in 94.34% and 98.45% degradation efficiency of methylene blue and Congo red dyes, respectively. The study determined that the most favorable pH for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was pH 11, whereas the optimal pH for Congo red was found at pH 5. For methylene blue and Congo red dyes, photocatalytic degradation followed pseudo-first-order with the constant rates of 0.0356 min-1 and 0.0348 min-1, respectively. After five cycles of use in the photocatalytic process, the catalyst's degradation efficiency fell into below 5%. This research demonstrated that catalysts could be utilized in wastewater treatment technology.
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) precipitation using ammonium-intercalated clay coagulant Priatna, Satria Jaya; Hakim, Yusuf Mathiinul; Alfarizi, Muhammad Afif; Sailah, Siti; Mohadi, Risfidian
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1034

Abstract

Clay intercalation has been completed to improve coagulation ability using ammonium ions intercalant via multi-step intercalation. The intercalated clay was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analysis of expanded lamellar and reduction impurities. Fourier Transform Infra-Red analysis confirmed the sharp and strong peak adsorption at 1448 cm-1 as ammonium (NH4+) bendingvibration, and X-Ray Diffraction analysis confirmed the peak shifting to smaller 2? at 10.08° as increasing basal spacing because of ammonium ion intercalated. The Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) coagulation was carried out using contact time and coagulant dose variations to determine the optimum conditions, reaching 45 minutes of coagulation and 0.4 g coagulant was used. Furthermore, the turbidity, free fatty acid, and total suspended solids were measured to reach the reduction values of 93%, 49.7%, and 73.7%, respectively. The reusable study of ammoniumintercalated clay confirmed the stability of the three cycles of coagulation used.
A novel approach in the synthesis of CdS/titania nanotubes array nanocomposites to obtain better photocatalyst performance Pratiwi, Reno; Ibadurrohman, Muhammad; Listiani Dewi, Eniya; -, Slamet
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1049

Abstract

Studies that seek to improve the performance of photocatalyst continue to develop. Several observations have been made on the effect of using ultrasonic waves during the synthesis process of CdS/Titania Nanotubes Array (CdS/TiNTA) nanocomposites on an ability to degrade ciprofloxacin solution (CIP) and produce hydrogen. Therefore, the nanocomposite synthesis process uses the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method, with (CH3COO)2Cd and Na2S as the precursors. During the SILAR process, sonication was applied for 60 minutes and carried out in the amorphous phase of TiO2 to increase the effectiveness of contact between the two semiconductors. The synthesis results were confirmed in term of their crystallinity, morphology, the presence of components on the surface, and the shift of bandgap by means of XRD, FESEM, FTIR, and UV-Vis DRS characterization, respectively. Photocatalytic activities of the nanocomposites were evaluated in a system containing 10 ppm CIP solution, on the purpose of observing their ability to degrade CIP and produce hydrogen. Our findings revealed an improvement in crystallinity, successful semiconductor coupling, and a band gap narrowing in the synthesized nanocomposites. Furthermore, the photocatalysts synthesized in the amorphous TiO2 and by sonication during SILAR offered doubled production capacity of hydrogen (0.191 mmol/m2) as compared to photocatalysts synthesized without sonication (0.092 mmol/m2). Compared to similar photocatalysts synthesized using the SILAR method in the crystalline phase, photocatalysts synthesized in the amorphous phase exhibited four-fold higher hydrogen production (0.044 to 0.191 mmol/m2). This prominent ability of the nanocomposites is related to the success of CdS adhering well to TiO2 surface to form nanocomposites, so that the bandgap energy position of CdS that is strong in the reduction reaction greatly contributes to improve the performance of the resulting photocatalyst, which is very advantageous in terms of its ability in water-splitting reactions.
Light absorption enhancement in organic solar cell using non-concentric Ag:SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles Muldarisnur, Mulda; Fahendri, F.; Perdana, Ilham; Abdullah, Zulfi; Yusfi, Meqorry
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1076

Abstract

Low solar energy conversion efficiency prevents the widespread of organic solar cells; hence, metal nanoparticles have been used to overcome this problem without increasing cell thickness. We investigated light absorption enhancement in view of the embedment of Ag:SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles of different shell thicknesses, core offsets, offset orientation angles, and vertical mismatches between neighboring particles. The simulations were carried out using the finite element method. This is the first investigation in the use of asymmetric nanoparticles. At optimized conditions, absorption enhancement up to 345% compared to the one without the nanoparticles could be achieved. The enhancement was found much higher than that of the published values. The enhancement results were mainly from the increase of near-field localization and scattering in the active layer of solar cells due to the excitation of Fano resonances. The resonance occurred due to the non-symmetric nature of the core-shell nanoparticles.
Response of peanut quality and yield to chicken manure combined with Rhizobium inoculation in sandy soil Chuong, Nguyen Van
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1082

Abstract

Chemical fertilizers, which contain a nitrogen (N) element, has been intensively used to increase the peanut productivity. However, the unstable and high cost of N fertilizer, and the great demand for N fertilizer sources have strongly increased the strategical plan of nitrogen fixation (NF). Therefore, the field research was carried out to appraise the ability of Rhizobium sp. trains and chicken manure (CM) on the quality and yield of peanuts. This research has four ratios, which valued from 0.0, 2.0, 4.0 to 6.0 t CM per ha in the combination with the Rhizobium sp. inoculum, expect control treatment (without CM and Rhizobium sp.). Different rates of CM combined with Rhizobium sp. inoculation was added by using 6.0 tons CM/ ha, which had number of the highest peanut nodules. Research results observed that the inoculant of Rhizobium sp. strain combined with CM remarkably increased the yield components per plant such as biomass, number of nodules, weight of dry nodules, weight of fill and empty pods and fresh yield of groundnut. The highest yield and quality of peanut (7.60 t/ha), oil % (50.6%), seed protein percentage (26.8%), as well as NPK content in seed (4.32, 0.912 and 0.999%, respectively) were obtained under the application of NPK+6.0 t CM/ha+ Rhizobium sp. inoculation. Co-application of 6t CM/ha and Rhizobium sp. inoculation increased by 20.5% when compared without CM application and no Rhizobium sp. inoculation. The study showed that both possibility of nitrogen fixation of peanut and nitrogen uptake of the sandy soil were raised by field inoculant with effectiveness of Rhizobium sp. with animal manure application. In really, Rhizobium sp. inoculation and CM proved a great method to increase soil nutrients for subsequent crops and it helped to enhance the taking of nitrogen from the air into the crop soil.
Number of natural killer cells and cytokine levels in peripheral blood at various degrees of severity Devita, Ninda; Arjana, Adika Zhulhi; Intansari, Umi Solekhah; Susilowati, Rina
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.1.2023.1106

Abstract

This study aims to investigate NK cell number and cytokines level in various degrees of severity in COVID-19 cases. A total of 63 COVID-19 patient aged >18 y were divided into mild-moderate and severe-critical groups. Patient characteristics and peripheral blood count were obtained from medical records. NK cells number, levels of IFN-?, IL-10, and IL-12 in peripheral blood were examined by means of flow cytometry. The severe-critical group had leukocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, higher Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio, lower NK cell number and higher level of IL-10. In severe-critical group, those aged >60 years had higher IL-10. In both groups, patients with diabetes comorbidities had a higher number of NK cells (p<0.05). NK cell number and IL-10 in peripheral blood have potential as a predictor of severe COVID-19 patients.

Page 11 of 24 | Total Record : 234

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