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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 342 Documents
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Stok Sumberdaya Ikan Demersal Laut Dalam di Perairan ZEEI Samudera Hindia Sebelah Selatan Jawa Ali Suman
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.1.253

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study about species composition, distribution, and stock density of deep sea demersal fish in the southern Java of the Indian Ocean EEZ waters. This research was carried out based on data collected from the survey conducted between September and October 2004 using Baruna Jaya IV research vessel.  This study was basically conducted by applying swept area method with stratified random sampling.  The result showed that the species composition of deep sea demersal fish in southern of Java waters were consisted of 169 fishes, 31 crustaceans and 20 cephalopods and the catch of deep sea demersal fish was dominated by ashiro (Ophidiidae) about 45 % and hair tail (Trichiurus lepturus) about 22 %. The widest of species distribution of these resources in southern of Java waters was Chlorophtalmus nigromarginatus. The highest abundance of deep sea resources were caught on the depth of 700-1100 m and the lowest on the depth 200-400 m. Stock density of these resources in southern off Java waters was ranged from 794-39863 kg/km².
Survei Nyamuk Culex spp. sebagai Vektor Filariasis di Desa Cisayong, Kecamatan Cisayong, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Wulan Dwi Portunasari; Endang Srimurni Kusmintarsih; Edy Riwidiharso
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 33, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2016.33.3.361

Abstract

Filariasis limfatik merupakan penyakit disebabkan oleh cacing filaria Wuchereria brancofti, Brugia malayi, dan Brugia timori yang menyerang saluran dan kelenjar getah bening. Cx. quinquefasciatus merupakan vektor filariasis bancrofti di daerah urban. Kecamatan Cisayong endemis filariasis dengan Microfilaria rate >1%. Eliminasi  filariasis di  Indonesia ditetapkan dua pilar kegiatan yaitu pemberian obat massal pencegahan filariasis (POMP filariasis) di daerah endemis dan pengendalian vektor. Pengendalian vektor dan potensi vektor dalam penularan filariasis dapat diketahui melalui berbagai hal diantaranya dengan mengetahui spesies Culex, infection rate, parity rate dan kepadatan larva Culex.Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui spesies nyamuk Culex, infection rate, parity rate, dan kepadatan larva nyamuk Culex. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode survei dengan teknik cluster sampling. Kelompok (Cluster) dalam penelitian ini yaitu RT berjumlah 39 RT yang ada di Desa Cisayong. Penangkapan sampel nyamuk dilakukan di 9 kelompok (RT) yang terpilih. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada malam  hari pukul 18.00-00.00 WIB. Hasil penelitan menujukkan bahwa spesies Culex yang ditangkap di Desa Cisayog diantaranya Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. hutchinsoni , Cx. sitien , Cx. vishnui , Cx. pseudovishnui , Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dan Cx. gelidus, infection rate 0%, sementara itu, parity rate Cx. quinquefasciatus 66%, Cx. hutchinsoni 17%, Cx. sitien 68%, Cx. vishnui 55%, Cx. pseudovishnui 21%, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus 53%, dan Cx. gelidus 54%. Kepadatan larva Culex sp. yaitu 3,38/cidukan.
Efek Histopatologis Insektisida λ-Cyhalothrin terhadap Insang, Hati, dan Usus Halus Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus L., 1758) Siwi Dwi Rahayu; Zeyna Listy Zulfatin; Ardaning Nuriliani
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 30, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2013.30.2.127

Abstract

λ-cyhalothrin is phyrethroid insecticide that can pollute the waters environment and cause sublethal as well as lethal effects to non-target organisms such as tilapia. This research were aimed to study the LC50 96 h value and histopathological effects of λ-cyhalothrin on the gills, liver, and small intestine of tilapia. In this research fish were divided into control group and the treatment groups of λ-cyhalothrin at the concentration of 3, 6, 9, and 12 µg/L. The treatment used a static system for 96 hours. The LC50 96 h value was analyzed by linear regression. Histopathological effects on the organs were analyzed using descriptive comparative. Histological preparation was done by the paraffin method, fixed in Bouin solution, and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. The results showed that LC50-96 h values of λ-cyhalothrin on tilapia was 6.519 µg/L. Gills damages were in the form of hyperplasia, necrosis, edema, secondary lamella fusion, removal of lamella epithelial cells, and primary lamella dilatation. Liver damages include hemorrhage, intravascular hemolysis on blood vessels, piknosis, and leukocytes infiltration. The intestine damages were fatty degeneration, edema, leukocyte infiltration, hemorhage, cloudy swelling, vacuolisation, necrosis, and arthropy. The gills, liver, and small intestine damages of tilapia range from slight to severe. It could be concluded that λ-cyhalothrin caused histopathological effects on the gills, liver, and small intestine of tilapia.
Isolasi dan Uji Efektivitas Beberapa Isolat Dekomposer Lokal dalam Mendekomposisi Limbah Tanaman Jagung Nurasiah Djaenuddin; Faesal Faesal; Soenartiningsih Soenartiningsih
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 31, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2014.31.2.213

Abstract

Soil microorganisms are able to digest and degrade organic material present in the environment in to substances that available for plants to absorb. This research aimed to isolate and examine local bacteria that had the ability to decompose corn stover. Soil samples were taken from various natural habitats in which bacteria grow, including remains of corn planting area, pile of waste corncob and corn stalk, pile of rice husk and straw, and pile of used sorghum stalk. Which were collected from several locations across South Sulawesi. Bacteria was isolated by making soil suspension that being inoculated on to NA and CMC medium, and then incubated for 48 hours at room temperature. Bacterial colonies that grow were then incubated 50o C to obtain bacteria resistant to high temperature and able to produce cellulose. Bacterial isolates that produce cellulose was then examined for the effectiveness in decomposing corn stover waste. Isolates result were able to obtain 119 decomposers isolates with 29 isolates resistant to temperature above 50o C and had ability to produce cellulose. From 29 isolates, among 15 isolates collected from rice straw, 5 isolates from remains of corn planting area and 9 isolates collected from several natural habitats. Almost all isolates had good ability to decompose corn stover waste. From isolates tested in corn cob waste and corn leaves waste, only 16 bacterial isolates were proven to be effective as decomposer.
Karakteristik Enzim Digesti, Protease dan Amilase, Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lac.) pada Fase Pertumbuhan Untung Susilo; Edy Yuwono; Farida Nur Rachmawati; Slamet Priyanto; Hana Hana
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 32, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.2.305

Abstract

Suatu penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik enzim digesti, protease dan amilase pada ikan gurami, Osphronemus gouramy Lac., telah dilakukan dengan metode survey. Jumlah ikan yang digunakan untuk penelitian sebanyak 25 ekor yang dikelompokan menjadi tiga kelompok ukuran13,29, 35,86 dan 91,86 g/ekor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas protease digesti ikan gurami berbeda secara signifikan pada segmen usus dan pH buffer yang berbeda (P<.05). Aktivitas amilase digesti tidak berbeda secara signifikan diantara segmen usus yang diuji (P>.05), namun berbeda secara signifikan diantara ukuran ikan yang berbeda (P<.05), dan aktivitas amilase tertinggi dijumpai pada ikan dengan ukuran terkecil. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah bahwa aktivitas protease dan amilase dijumpai sepanjang saluran digestinya baik pada ikan yang berukuran kecil maupun besar. Aktivitas protease umumnya tinggi pada suasana asam dan netral pada usus depan dan tengah. Aktivitas protease ikan yang berukuran besar lebih rendah dari pada ikan yang berukuran lebih kecil. Aktivitas amilase tidak terdapat perbedaan diantara segmen usus yang diuji, namun aktivitas amilase tertinggi dijumpai pada ikan dengan berat rata-rata 13,29 g/ekor
Pengaruh Pemberian Kombinasi Pakan Ikan Rucah dan Pakan Buatan (Pelet) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Laju Sintasan Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) Suharyanto Suharyanto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 29, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2012.29.2.241

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to find out the data and information of effect on feeding of combination of trash fish and pellet to the growth and survival rate of swimming crabs (Portunus pelagicus). The research was conducted in the research station of Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture, Maros, South Sulawesi for 40 days. Nine  aquaria were used in this research and the dimention were 60 x 40 x 40 cm. Experimental disign used the Complete Randomized Design, The treatments were applied of trash fish and artificial feed (pellet) i.e. A; 100% trash fish (Clupea sp), B; 100% artificial feed (pellet), and C; 50% trash fish + 50% pellet,  with three replicates,  respectively, Crablet were applied average size of  5,2 + 0,2 mm in charapace width and 0,04 + 0,02 g in body weigth. Feeding were conducted of three times a day, with dosage 15 % of total body weight a day. During the experiment, the determined parameters were body weight, charapace width, and survival rate. The result showed that artificial feed/pellet of 42% protein contain could be used as feed in swimming crabs rearing and not significant different on the growth of charapace width, body weight and survival rate (P>0.05) with the other treatment.
Potensi Daun Trembilungan (Begonia hirtella Link) sebagai Antibakteri dan Antifungi Febri Nur Ngazizah; Nuraeni Ekowati; Aisyah Tri Septiana
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 33, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2016.33.3.309

Abstract

Begonia hirtella leaf are commonly used by people in mountainous areas to treat itchy due to insect bites and skin infection. This study aims to (1) determine proper solvent extract of B. hirtella leaf on antibacterial activity of S. aureus and E. coli and on antifungal activity of C. albicans (2) determine the lowest concentration of leaf extract of B. hirtella that indicate the formation of inhibition zone (3) know the content of bioactive compounds contained in each leaf extract of B. hirtella. The method used in this study is experimental with completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were type of solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water) and a serie of the ethyl acetate extract concentration of 500 ppm, 450 ppm, 400 ppm, 350 ppm, 300 ppm and 250 ppm against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (Anova) and the significant differences between the treatments were analyzed by Duncan test at 95% confidence level. The result showed that each solvent extracts affect microbes growth with a highly significant difference p <0.05. Solvent extracts that have the best inhibitory zone is ethyl acetate against S. aureus with an average diameter of inhibitory zone 13.75 ± 1.26 mm. Increasing concentrations of ethyl acetate extract of 250 ppm to 500 ppm increase inhibition zone against microbes. The lowest concentration that show inhibition zone was 300 ppm. The formation inhibition of zone on microbes growth happened due to their compounds in the extract. Extract of n-hexane contains stigmasterol, ethyl acetate contains neophytadiene, while the ethanol extract contains ethyl palmitate
Kajian Status Resistensi Tungau Hama Brevipapalpus phoenicis dan Tungau Predator Ambleyseius deleoni sebagai Dasar Evaluasi Aplikasi Pestisida Hery Pratiknyo; Edi Basuki
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 26, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2009.26.2.115

Abstract

The Diversity of Plankton in Sangihe – Sangir Talaud Islands, Sulawesi, Indonesia Hikmah Thoha; Nurul Fitriya
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 27, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2010.27.3.200

Abstract

The research of Oceanographical Expedition was conducted on May 2009. Research Vessel of Baruna Jaya VIII was used to accommodate the research team, which is a part of the EWIN ( Widya Nusantara Expedition) project with a topic of discovering the ultimate frontier of Indonesia and strengthening our national resilience, such as survival, energy, and natural resources, food, disaster, and health. This paper shows  plankton research with environment studies, such as temperature and salinity.  Plankton was sampled using Kitahara Net with mesh size of 80 µm for phytoplankton and Norpac Plankton Net with mesh size of 300 µm for zooplankton. The sample was poured into a bottle with formalin of 4% as preservative from 13 stations. The results showed that the phytoplanktons consist of 22 diatom genera and 10 dinoflagellates. The phytoplankton abundance was due the flourishing of Chaetoceros sp., Rhizosolenia sp., Nitzschia sp., and Thalassiothrix sp.   Ceratium sp. and Protoperidinium sp., Pyrocystis sp., and Cyanobacteria Trichodesmium sp. were common among the dinoflagellates. The zooplanktons consist of 30 taxa, the group of which are mostly composed of Copepoda, Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Oikopleura, and Chaetognata. Environmental  studies were also discussed.    
Respon Pemberian Hormon 2,4-D dan BAP terhadap Pertumbuhan Subkultur Kalus Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) secara In Vitro Kiki Ayuningrum; Iman Budisantoso; Kamsinah Kamsinah
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 32, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.1.296

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of administration of a combination of 2,4-D and BAP on the growth of soybean callus subculture and determine the combination of 2,4-D and BAP most good for the growth of soybean callus subculture. The study design used completely randomized design (CRD) with a pattern factorials. The factor one e.i 2,4-D consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm. A factor of 2 e.i BAP consists of 4 levels, namely: 0, 2, 4, dan 6 ppm. Every combination treatment repeated three times. Parameters measured include the percentage is growing callus, type of callus, dry weight and wet weight of soybean callus. The results showed that administration of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP can spur the growth of soybean callus subculture, the combination of BAP 2 ppm and 10 ppm of 2,4-D is the best combination for a percentage of callus and growing callus types, whereas the wet weight and the weight dried callus is not driven by a combination of the hormone 2,4-D and BAP

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