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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 342 Documents
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Pertumbuhan Rumput Gajah Kerdil (Pennisetum purpureum ‘Mott’) di Lahan Terbuka Bekas Penambangan Batu Kapur Kawasan Karst Gombong Jawa Tengah Doso Sarwanto; Sari Eko Tuswati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 34, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2017.34.3.502

Abstract

The negative impact of limestone mining on a karst area around Gombong is the destruction of ecosystem. Ecosystem’s destruction will decrease the variety, productivity, quality and continuity of indigenous livestock forages. The aim of this research is to know the growth rate of Dwarf Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum 'Mott') in the post mining limestone with various methods of planting. The method used in this research is an experimental method in an open field that was used for limestone mining by using Completed Random Design. The treatment consists of 4 kinds of planting methods with 4 repetitions, while the research treatment used in this experiment is the RG (the field with Dwarf Elephant Grass); RGL (the field with Dwarf Elephant Grass + peanut legume); RGK (the field with Dwarf Elephant Grass + goat’s compost 1,5 kg/m2) and RGKL (the field with Dwarf Elephant Grass + peanut legume + goat’s compost 1,5 kg/m2). The parameter used for the research is the growth rate which includes the plant’s height, the length of the leaves, and also the width of Dwarf Elephant Grass’s leaves (Pennisetum purpureum ‘Mott’) until the 8th week.The result of this research shows that the use of goat’s compost 1,5 kg/m2 and planting of peanut can give significant results to the growth of Dwarf Elephant Grass in open field that was used for limestone mining.
Produksi Pigmen Karotenoid oleh Khamir Phaffia rhodozyma yang Diperlakukan dengan Radiasi Sinar UV Sri Pujiyanto; Wijanarka Wijanarka; Endang Kusdiyantini; T. A. Lestari
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 23, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2006.23.2.146

Abstract

Carotenoid pigment is an essential element in aquaculture, since it gives characteristic of color on shrimp and fish. Carotenoid pigments can be produced microbiologically using Paffia rhodozyma. Genetic improvement of the yeast, one of which can be accomplished by radiation mutation, will increase the production of carotenoid pigments. The aims of this study were to mutate P. rhodozyma using UV irradiation and to figure out pigment production by the mutant strains resulting from 30 minute-irradiation. Irradiated culture was incubated in dark condition and plated onto YMA media. Grown mutant colonies were collected in order to test for their pigment production. Pigment production was measured on the basis of extinction coefficient of 1%. The results showed that mutant strain encoded with MUV-1 produced the highest pigment at 179.96 mg/g dry weight cell, higher than the wild type (63.20 mg/g dry weight cell).
Pentingnya penggunaan Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) strain rentan insektisida serta kandang ukuran tertentu dalam uji efikasi insektisida aerosol Andreas D. Advento; Intan Ahmad; Nova Hariani; Resti Rahayu
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 29, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2012.29.2.236

Abstract

Before insecticide formulations can be registered and commercialized, efficacy of  the insecticide should be carried out by an independent institution such us universities or research institutes.  Based on the available protocol issued by the Pesticide Committee, we tested the efficacy two aerosol insecticides i.e. Baygon® and HIT® on Jakarta strain, Bandung strain, and Surabaya strain of Aedes aegypti, including the VCRU standard susceptible strain, confined in two cages with different dimensions inside the Peet-Grady chamber. The findings show that each of the four strains of Aedes aegypti had a significantly different KT50 value after being exposed to Baygon® and HIT® with the VCRU strain had the fastest KT50 among other strains.The results also show that all strain of Aedes aegypti tended to have higher KT50 (knockdown time 50%) when treated inside the large cage (30x30x30 cm) than those in the smaller cage (15x15x15 cm)  even though treated with the same insecticide. The finding of this research suggests that it is imperative that the design and the protocol of insecticide efficacy test issued by the Pesticide Committee should state clearly the strain of Aedes aegypti being used as well as the dimension of the cage inside the Peet-Grady chamber. Herewith we suggest that standard insecticide susceptible Aedes aegypti  strains such as VCRU  as well as  15 X 15 X 15 cm cage are to be used for the mosquito aerosol efficacy test in the Peet-Grady chamber.
Pertumbuhan Stek Krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium (L.) Ramat) pada Berbagai Media Kultur In Vitro Adven Kristianti; Kamsinah Kamsinah; Murni Dwiati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 33, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2016.33.2.207

Abstract

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium (L.) Ramat is one of ornamental plant commodities with high aesthetic value. As a consequence of increasing demand, the availability of seeds in adequate number is needed with method in vitro. This study aims to find out the effect of various in vitro culture media on the growth of chrysanthemum explants and to determine alternative media other than MS for in vitro growth of chrysanthemum explants. Experimental method arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and four blocks is applied. The treatments are Murashige and Skoog  (MS), Vacint and Went  (V&W), Knudson  and   modified media, while node position serves as block. Time of shoot emergence, shoot length, number of leaves on each shoot, and number of roots are measured. Data are analyzed using Analysis of Variance (F test) with confidence intervals of 95% and 99%. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test is applied when significant difference among variables is observed. Culture media shows significant effect on chrysanthemum explant in vitro growth. Knudson media is found as an alternative media besides MS sufficiently suitable to increase chrysanthemum explants in vitro growth.
Somatic Embryogenesis Formation from Immature Male Flower of Banana cv. Nangka Puspita Deswina Deswina
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 22, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2005.22.2.97

Abstract

The plantain banana (cultivar nangka) is among the most valued crop plants in the tropical world. However, the commercially attainable yields are very low compared to other food crops. Somatic embryogenesis has the great potential for rapid and efficient regeneration of plantlets and offers opportunities for large-scale production of plant material. Genetic modification on embryogenic structure offers the opportunity to add desirable gene characteristic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the different medium combination for the induction and optimization of embryogenic formation from immature male flowers. The explants of inflorescence was sampled one month after bunch emergence and approximately 15-20 cm below the last female flower hand. Response of explants and percentage of inflorescence clusters forming nodular callus were recorded and noted. Result of the experiment showed that embryogenic callus could be induced from immature male flowers. The initiation of callus indicated of flower cluster responded to form globular embryogenic callus (49.7% ± 5.2), whereas the percentage of flower cluster responding to form nodular callus was 39.2 % ± 5.3. The highest response of explants forming nodular callus was from flower of rows 12 and 13  (60%).
Inventarisasi Teritip Non-Indigenous yang Menempel pada Ocean Going Vessel di Pelabuhan Tanjung Intan Cilacap Romanus Edy Prabowo; Erwin Riyanto Ardli
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 27, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2010.27.2.195

Abstract

Portof Tanjung Intan Cilacapis one of four major international shipping ports located in JawaIslandand among 85 ports throughout Indonesia. International shipping ports are exposed for non-indigenous species including barnalces as a consequence of shipping traffic. Barnacle is the most common marine fouling found in ship’s hull and ballast water of ocean going vessel. This work was aimed at knowing which barnacle species were passively transported on such vessels hulls, in order to map and monitor non-indigenous species invasion in the area. Four vessels of different origins were investigated between April and November 2009. Among four vessels, three of them were clean. A cosmopolite non-invasive species were found on a ship of Ukrainan origin, Amphibalanus amphitrite., which also occur dominantly in the port of Tanjung Intan Cilacap. This port was considered at no introduction risk of non-indigenous species.
Kajian Perubahan Bioekologi pada Restorasi Ekosistem Mangrove di Segara Anakan Cilacap Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Ani Widyastuti; Edy Yani
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 32, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.1.291

Abstract

Mangroves are coastal ecosystems that have a very large role for humans and ecosystems in the vicinity. Mangrove condition in Indonesia, including in Segara Chicks Cilacap experiencing enormous pressure resulting in damage to the mangrove ecosystem. Mangrove restoration is the process of return of mangrove ecosystems of the conditions are broken into previously conditioned as well. The general objective of this study was 1) determine the conditions and amendments BioEkologi mangrove ecosystem restoration in the area of results Segara Chicks. Specific objectives in the study the first year is to determine: 1) the community structure of mangrove ecosystems (vegetation and fauna associations) at a restoration site in the region Segara Chicks, 2) the spatial variation community mangrove ecosystem in the area of restoration, and 3) the condition of the environmental factors that support the mangrove restoration in the region Segara Chicks. The method used was survey method with the technique of sampling cluster random sampling. The data obtained were analyzed multivatiate covering biodiversity analysis, cluster analysis, multi-dimensional sclae (MDS), and Bio-env using PRIMER-E program. The study shows the restoration of mangrove vegetation in the region have relatively low diversity (H '<1), and in areas that have not been restored only dominated shrub species (Acanthus and Derris). Environmental factors generally favor mangrove Vegetasia life, and have the same tendency for each restoration location with a level of similarity> 95%.
Analisis Molekuler dan Uji Ketahanan Tanaman Padi Transgenik yang mengandung Gen Kitinase Generasi ke tiga (T2) terhadap Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn dan Pyricularia oryzae Cav E. S. Mulyaningsih; S. Indrayani; I.H. Slamet Loedin
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 22, No 3 (2005)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2005.22.3.179

Abstract

Sheath blight and rice blast are two important diseases in rice caused respectively by fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Pyricularia oryzae resulting in considerable yield loss. A study on the segregation pattern of chiI gene among four progenies, i.e. lines 1,7,9 and 20, followed by bioassays of both pathogens was conducted.  PCR analysis using specific primers for chiI gene in 30 plant samples from each line was employed to know the segregation pattern.  The results showed that three of the four lines, i.e. 1, 7, and 9 performed Mendelian segregation of 3 : 1. Southern blot analysis further applied on line 1 revealed the presence of six copies of chiI gene. Bioassay of P. oryzae carried out at vegetative phase indicated that all lines were susceptible to blast, on the other hands,  R. solani bioassay held at heading phase showed that they were all resistant to this fungi.
Studi Persebaran dan Pemanfaatan Gayam [Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson ex Zollinger) Fosberg] di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Albert Husein Wawo; Ninik Setyowati; Ning Wikan Utami
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.3.271

Abstract

Study on ‘Distribution and Utilization of gayam [Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson ex Zollinger) Fosberg] on several locations in Special Territory of Yogyakarta (DIY)’ was carried out from 15 until 20 September 2010. The method of this study was Purposive Random sampling and interview with local communities. The results showed that the DIY provincy was location of natural distribution of gayam. The population of gayam from each location is different, depend on soil condition and communities activities. The communities in Bantul, Sleman and Kulon Progo regencies have conserved gayam, with maintenanced gayam seedling which grew under gayam tree. Gayam grow well in sandy loam soil and silty loam soil with pH from acid till neutral. Generally this plant grow in moisture soil i.e. near water resource, a long of river bank and cannal. The chemical content of gayam seed consist of 74.87% carbohydrate, 11.63% protein, and 2.15% fat. The seed from Banjar Asri, Kulon Progo have the highest of carbohydrat (77.70%) from fresh fruit. Gayam is multipurpuse plant i.e. food, fodder, fuel wood, erosion control, herbal pesticides, and habitat for bird and bet.
Karakterisasi Molekuler Ikan Gurami Soang (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) berbeda uuran menggunakan Pcr-Rflp Gen Sitokrom C Oksidase 1 Siti Nur Azizah; Agus Nuryanto; Hendro Pramono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 32, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.3.342

Abstract

Gourami (Osprhronemus goramy Lac.) is a  freshwater fish that is  widely cultivated in Indonesia, particularly by fish farmer in Java. Soang strain has a faster growth rate than other strains. However, the fry that derived from a single cohort (generated from a single spawning) shows various sizes even in the same age because they have different growth rate. Differences in growth rate may occur due to differences in metabolic capabilities especially cellular respiration. Different rate of respiration can be assumed to be due to differences in the genetic component, especially on their cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene (CO1). Therefore this study aimed to determine whether there are differences in PCR-RFLP marker CO1 gene among different sizes of gourami soang strain from the same cohort so that can be used to analyze genetic diversity. This study used survey method by applying purposive random sampling. Four restriction enzymes were used  during the  research. Molecular characters were defined descriptively based on the appearance of restriction fragment on agarose gel. The result showed that soang strain which used in this study had monomorphics allele on their CO1-HindIII. PstI, BamHI, and EcoRI, could not cut the PCR products and results no RFLP markers. So that genetic variation in the used CO1 gene fragment could not be detected using HindIII, Pst1, BamH1 and EcoR1 enzymes. The three different sizes of soang strain had similar alleles or homozygous, meaning that heterozigocity value was 0 (zero). Therefore, the CO1 gene in this study could not be used as molecular character to differentiate different sizes of gourami soang strain from the same cohort.

Page 9 of 35 | Total Record : 342

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