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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal

biosfera
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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : 08531629 EISSN : 08531629 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science

Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).

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Articles 342 Documents

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Kualitas Air dan Pertumbuhan Ikan Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) pada Sistem Resirkulasi dengan Media Filtrasi Berbeda Nuning Setyaningrum; Muhammad Hussein Sastranegara; Firda Isdianto; Sugiharto Sugiharto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) is a popular freshwater commodity. Intensive production of nilem is often limited by water quality degradation. Recirculating aquaculture system is known to have advantage over this problem. Zeolites and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) are widely used in water remediation effort. This research aimed to find out water quality and nilems’ growth in two distinct recirculating system (zeolite filter based recirculating system; water spinach based recirculating system) as well as the relation between these variables. Furthermore, the difference in water quality and nilem’s growth between the two recirculating system was also evaluated. The method used was a completely randomized experimental design with three replication. Nilems were reared in recirculating system with a density of 100 individuals for 60 days. Measurement of water quality and nilem’s growth was conducted on day 0, 30, and 60. The measured parameters included water temperature, TSS, DO, CO2, pH, NH3 and nilem’s weight. Analysis of data in was completely done with descriptive method. The result showed that water quality and nilem’s growth in recirculating system using zeolite filter and in recirculating system using water spinach filter was similar in general. Water quality in both recirculating system was sufficient to promote nilem’s growth.

Determination of Grouper Species of Subfamily Epinephelinae from Raja Ampat (West Papua) Region Using CO1 Gene Sequence Yanti Ariyanti; Achmad Farajallah
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The Raja Ampat Islands, located near the heart of the “Coral Triangle” on Bird's Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia are well known for its outstanding biological diversity and stunning marine and terrestrial habitats. Groupers (family Serranidae) has included as part of the 5 largest families associated with coral reefs on the Bird’s Head region. The grouper identification was generally done on the basis of color patterns and morphological characters, but oftentimes these characters show intraspecific variations or differences in color patterns between juvenile and adult individuals. This study aims to confirm the type of grouper species that were obtained from the sport fishing activities around Raja Ampat Island. Species confirmation from subfamily of Epinephelinae determined by analyzing the number of differences of nucleotides and genetic distance on the sequence of the CO1 gene (Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1). A total of eight fish samples were successfully sequenced and aligned. Those samples consist of eight species belonging to the three genera namely Anyperodon, Epinephelus, and Cephalopolis.

Phytoplankton Community in The Lembeh Strait, Bitung and Wori Beach, Manado, North of Sulawesi, Indonesia Hikmah Thoha; Mariana D Bayu; Arief Rachman; Tan Senming
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2019.36.3.834

This study was conducted to understand phytoplankton community in the Lembeh Strait at Bitung and Wori Beach at Manado in October 2015. The phytoplankton samples were collected with vertical towing using Kitahara plankton net (mesh size 80 µm). Identification and enumeration were done using Sedgwick Rafter Counting Chamber (SRCC) under 100-400X magnification. Phytoplankton abundance in Wori, Manado were lower than Lembeh Strait. There were 24 genera of diatom group and nine genera of dinoflagellate group found in Wori and Lembeh Island waters. Total phytoplankton abundance in Wori ranged from 16,293.28 – 464,358.45 cells m-3 (station 6 and station 5, respectively). Whilst, In Lembeh Strait, Bitung, the highest abundance of phytoplankton was 2,300,407.33 cells m-3 and the lowest was 16,089.61 cells m-3. The composition of diatoms and dinoflagellates in Wori and Lembeh Strait was dominated by diatom which ranged from 80.70 % to 100.0%. Based on the mean contribution at each station among the two locations, there were 11 dominance genera of diatom and dinoflagellate groups which the mean contribution value above five percent. Those were including six genera of diatom group (Chaetoceros, Bacteriastrum, Nitzchia, Rhizosoleria, Thalassiothrix, and Thalassiosira) and five genera of dinoflagellate group (Ceratium, Prorocentrum, Protoperidinium, Pyrodinium, and Scriepsiella, Chaetoceros (diatom) and Protoperidinium (dinoflagellate) exhibit the highest genera representation in all diatom and dinoflagellate group among the two locations, with a 38 % and 36 % (respectively) mean contribution. Three genera which commonly known to cause harmful algal blooms (HABs) were observed in those two locations. Nitzschia from diatom group, Prorocentrum, and Pyrodinium from dinoflagellate group. Nitzschia was the most frequently found, almost recorded at all station in Wori, Manado and Lembeh strait, Bitung. The less frequent found of HABs causative organisms in those two locations was Pyrodinium.

Keragaman Isolat Khamir Osmofilik pada Madu Hutan dari Sulawesi Tengah Ditinjau Menggunakan Teknik RAPD Ferinta Rahmayanti; Miftahul Ilmi
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2019.36.3.988

Honey is a sweet substance with high sugar content produced by bees from flower nectar. Osmophilic yeast is one of organisms that can grow in honey because their ability to adapt in high osmotic pressure environment. Twenty-seven osmophilic yeast isolates were obtained from 11 forest honey samples to this research. This research objective is to determine the diversity of yeast isolates from genotypic characterization. Genotypic characterization was done using DNA fingerprint analysis using the RAPD PCR technique. This research used 2 types of primers, namely CDU primer (5′-GCGATCCCCA-3 ′) and M13 primer (5′-GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT-3 ′). Data in the form of electrophoregram are represented in table n (yeast strain) x t (character units) using binary scoring type. The data were analyzed using a numerical taxonomy method with similarity (OTU) and determined using Jaccard coefficient (SJ) in 70% of IS limit. The results of this research showed that 27 yeast isolates were divided into 2 clusters and 10 outliers with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.924624

Keanekaragaman Jenis Begonia dan Studi Populasi Begonia leuserensis HUGHES di Kawasan Hutan Blok Ketambe, Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser, Aceh Muhammad Efendi; Taufikurrahman Nasution
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Sebuah ekplorasi begonia Sumatera telah dilakukan untuk memprediksi populasi dan preferensi habitat B. leuserensis Hughes pada habitat alaminya di Gunung Ketambe, Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser, Aceh. Deskripsi morfologi B. leuserensis dan jenis begonia lainnya yang ditemukan di kawasan tersebut dilakukan untuk melengkapi deskripsi morfologi yang udah ada. Pendugaan jumlah populai dilakukan menggunakan petak contoh sebanyak 20 petak, dengan ukuran 10x10M pada dua lokasi yang berbeda. Parameter lingkungan meliputi suhu, kelembaban udara, pH tanah, kelembaban tanah, dan intensita cahaya diukur pada setiap plot sampel. Ebanyak empat jenis Begonia ditemukan di Gunung Ketambe, yaitu B. flexula, B. laruei, dan B. verecunda yang tergolong ke dalam Begonia dataran rendah, sedangkan B. leuserensis tersebar pada ketinggian 850-1.250 m asl. Studi populasi menunjukkan bahwa pada kelimpahan rata-rata B. leuserensis di kawaan tersebut menvapai 210 individu/ha. Secara umum, uhu, pH tanah dan intensitas cahaya merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam kedu puluh petak contoh, selain ketinggian tempat yang membatasi persebaran B. leuserensis di zona submontana Gunung Ketambe.

Determination of Iron and Zinc Absorption by Local Isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Produce Iron and Zinc in Organic Form Hasim Munawar; Eni Kusumaningtyas; Agus Leeman; David S. Silitonga; Darmono Darmono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 32, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) play important role in health both of live stock and human. Fe and Zn in organic form were claimed increasing their viabilities. They bind to certain amino acid formed as a product of microbial metabolism. The Amount Fe and Zn absorbed may indicated the Fe and Zn organic produced. The aim of the study is to determine the absorption of microelement of Fe and Zn by local isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce Fe and Zn in organic forms. S. cerevisae BCC F0205, BCC F0206, and BCC F0214 were treated with Fe or Zn 10 ppm to obtain S. cerevisae which has the highest of total concentration of Fe and Zn. Selected isolate was then treated with Fe or Zn respectively 2.5, 5, 10 ppm and their combination. Fe and Zn absorbed by isolates were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results show that S. cerevisae BCC F0205, BCC F0206, and BCC F0214 treated with 10 ppm Fe or Zn contained total concentration of Fe respectively 1.57, 3.07, 2.24 ppm and total concentration of Zn respectively 2.34, 3.20, 3.13 ppm. Then, S. cerevisae BCC F0206 treated with 2.5, 5, 10 ppm Fe or Zn, absorbed Fe 1.45, 0.50, 0.94 ppm and Zn 0.73, 0.38, 0.53 ppm respectively. Furthermore, combination of Fe and Zn (2.5:2.5, 5:5, 10:10 ppm) produce absorption of Fe 3.10, 2.13, 3.67 ppm and Zn 0.11, 0.10, 0.28 ppm per gram S. cerevisae BCC F0206. Percentages of absorption by S. cerevisae are up to 100% for Fe and up to 47.20% for Zn. In conclusion, this study indicated that S. cerevisae BCC F0206 absorb Fe and Zn higher than BCC F0205 and BCC F0214 and there are antagonistic interactions found between Fe and Zn in this research.

Ikan Introduksi Oxyeleotris marmorata, Bleeker (1852): Populasi, Laju Exploitasi dan Pengendaliannya di Waduk Sempor, Kebumen Windiariani Lestari; Siti Rukhayah; Tutilah Jamilatun
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 36, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker or marble goby originally from China and is introduced to Indonesia in 1927. This predator fish could be a threat to freshwater fish diversity, thus its population should be controlled. In order to support their control efforts, this research attempted to evaluate the population size and exploitation rate of O.marmorata in Sempor Reservoir, Kebumen. Survey with purposive random sampling were applied by dividing the Sempor Reservoir into three parts (inlet, middle and outlet) and each part was represented by two sites. The population sizes of fish were analyzed using F-test and the exploitation rates of O.marmorata were analyzed using FiSAT II. The result shown that the population sizes of O.marmorata in inlet, middle and outlet were is different. (Fcal= 7.544 with P= 0.03). The fish population in middle possessed L∞ = 39.06, K = 2.0 and t0 = -0.44, and fish population in outlet with properties L∞ = 37.59, K = 2.1, and t0 = -0.42. The growth patterns of O.marmorata in both parts were relatively similar. The mortality of O.marmorata in the middle part was more caused by fishing activities, meanwhile in the outlet, the mortality occurred naturally. The exploitation rate in middle (E= 0.55) and in outlet parts (E=0.10). It seems that the middle part of Sempor Reservoir was 5 times more exploited than in the outlet part. Population control could be conducted by fishing O marmorata with 13.38-17.30 cm in length in outlet part and fishing (E) should not more than 0.5.

Keragaman dan Prevalensi Nematoda Parasit Usus pada Monyet Ekor Panjang (Macaca fascicularis) di Kawasan Wisata “Masjid Saka Tunggal” Edy Riwidiharso; Erie Kolya Nasution; Heru Triaji
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Nematode parasites generally found around the world. Research on intestinal parasitic nematodes in long-tailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) has been carried out in Cikakak Village, Banyumas Regency. The aims of the research was to find out the diversity and prevalence of Nematodes parasite on long tail monkey. Survey methods was used in this research with determine the eggs of the nematodes parasite on faeces of 30 adults and 30 adolescence of monkey. The results of the study found five types of intestinal parasitic nematodes classified as " Soil Transmitted Helminths " namely Strongyloides sp. Ascaris sp. Trichuris sp. Ancylostoma sp. Oeshopagustomum sp. The parasitic diversity index value (H ') indicates moderate (moderate) community stability. Parasitic nematodes in adolescent long-tailed monkeys are relatively similar to adult monkeys. The prevalence of long-tailed monkeys infected with parasitic nematodes is quite high at 40.5 ± 13.5. The prevalence of long-tailed monkeys in adolescence is higher than the prevalence of adult long-tailed monkeys, nematode infections in long-tailed monkeys in Cikakak Village are more single infections. It can be concluded that long tail monkey at Cikakak have been infected by Nematodes parasites and this result can be used to population management of long tail monkey at this area.

Study on The Potentially Harmful Benthic Dinoflagellates in Pari Island, Indonesia Hikmah Thoha; Arief Rachman; Mariana Destiana Bayu Intan; Gires Usup
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.1.835

Information on benthic dinoflagellates in Indonesia is rare since it often neglected in many microalgae researches. Thus, not much information is available about the ecology of benthic dinoflagellates in Indonesia, especially for three important genus, Gambierdiscus, Prorocentrum and Ostreopsis. Sampling were carried three times: in August, October, and December 2013. The sampling was conducted around Pari Island. Bethic Harmful Algal Blooms (B-HABs) were collected in each sampling site using a modified PVC rig with 15x10 cm screen (artificial substrate) which placed at the bottom of the water for 24 hours. Another form of a screen with leaf blade form, 30x5 cm was also deployed in each sampling site and left for 24 hours. In general, the different density of Prorocentrum, Gambierdiscus, and Ostreopsis were observed in various substrates in this research. Temporal variation of those three target genera was also found in this research, from the results so far, Prorocentrum was suggested as the most common benthic dinoflagellates in Pari Island. This genus was found in all substrates during two sampling periods in this study, except in sandy bottom substrate in October 2013. The highest density of Prorocentrum which observed in the screen placed in coral reefs area in October 2013, was 288 cells/100 cm2. The lowest of Prorocentrum density was observed in coral reefs area in October 2013, was 0.53 cells/g of wet weight.

Kualitas Perairan Situ Lebakwangi, Bogor Jeanne Isbeanny; Syifa Annisa; Nurkholidah Nurkholidah; Nia Dzirwatul Izza; Pratiwi Amalia Zahrah; Dhiya Lathifah; Ario Putro Pamungkas; Nasti Susanti; Irawan Sugoro
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.1.733

Water pollution that occurs due to various human activities in Situ Lebakwangi's cause of water quality decrease based on Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001 about Water Quality Criteria. The purpose of this research is to know the water quality of Situ Lebakwangi based on physical, chemical, and biological (coliform bacteria) factors. This research was conducted in Situ Lebakwangi, Bogor in January 2015. Physical factor parameters are temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), five days of biological oxygen demand, brightness and light intensity. Research results show that the physical condition of Situ Lebakwangi is conformed with environmental quality standard class II.Temperature of Situ Lebakwangi range is 29,2-30,2 ˚C, DO 4,8-6,2 ppm, TDS 53,7-58,7 ppm, BOD5 1,6-3,1 ppm, EC 112-118 mS/cm, and pH 6,6-8,8. The measurement result shows that total bacteria exceed the environmental quality standard 1,0 x 103CFU/ml, except in the six-station. Pollutant bacteria E. coli was not found in the 6th station. All of the stations can not found pathogenic bacteria Salmonella sp. Coliform bacteria in five and six stations exceeds the environmental quality standard, which is 5,0 x 103. All observed physical factor parameters were in conformable with PP 82 of 2001 about Water Quality Criteria, but for biological parameters (total bacteria and total coliform) were not. Based on these results, aquatic of Situ Lebakwangi can not be used for water recreation facilities, freshwater fish cultivation, livestock, water to irrigate crops, and other uses that require the same water quality.

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