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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal

biosfera
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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : 08531629 EISSN : 08531629 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science

Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).

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Articles 342 Documents

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Produksi Biolistrik menggunakan Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Lactobacillus bulgaricus dengan Substrat Limbah Tempe dan Tahu Indah Sulistiyawati; Nur Laila Rahayu; Fitria Septiana Purwitaningrum
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The use of electricity in Indonesia with energy sources from fossils still dominates compared to other energy sources. Of the total power plant capacity in the country today, coal-fired steam power plants (PLTU) still dominate, namely 24,883 MW or 48% of the total domestic generating capacity of 52,231 MW. Fossil as a non-renewable fuel is produced continuously and will certainly run out. Development of renewable alternative energy is needed and the amount is not limited to being a renewable energy source. An alternative renewable energy source that has been developed to produce alternative electrical energy, one of which is a microbial fuel cell (MFC). This study aims to utilize Lactobacillus bulgaricus bacteria to metabolize waste water tofu and tempeh as a substrate in the MFC system to produce electrical energy. Research using tofu waste substrate has been carried out, but the use of tempe waste substrate has never been done, and the use of a mixture of waste substrate is not yet known. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) using L. bulgaricus in tofu waste produced a potential voltage with the highest yield of 282 mV and the number of bacterial cells reached 12.4 x 106 CFU / mL at the 5th hour incubation, whereas the mixture of tempeh and tofu waste produces a bioelectric potential of 274 mV at the 3rd hour incubation

Potensi Jus Buah Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Mencegah Nefrotoksisitas pada Tikus Wistar yang Terpapar Pb Asetat Devi Etivia Purlinda; Sorta Basar Ida Simanjuntak; Saryono Saryono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Lead is a heavy metal with hazardous toxicity causing dysfunction, especially the kidneys as excretion organs. Pb pollution in Indonesia is mostly derived from transportation emissions such as Tetraetillead, which can change into trietillead, a free radical that can reduce endogenous enzyme activity, one of which is SOD pollution. (Superoxide dismutase) which is in various organs, especially the kidneys. A decrease in SOD activity in the kidneys indicates oxidative stress because the enzyme is unable against superoxide anions and causes renal glomerular damage. Kidney damage can increase serum creatinine levels. Papaya juice contains flavonoids, vitamins C, E, and beta-carotene can prevent nephrotoxicity of Pb. The study aimed to obtain the best dose of papaya juice on the SOD activity of Wistar rats kidney tissue and serum creatinine level that exposed by lead acetate. The experiment was conducted experimentally with Completely Randomized Design, which was divided into 6 treatments, P1, P2, P3, of papaya juice, Lead ace with dose: 3.6; 7.2; 14.4 g / 200g of weight and exposed to Pb acetate 50 mg/kg weight. Treatment P4 (rats were given vitamin E 400 IU/kg weight and exposure to Pb acetate 50 mg/kg weight), P5 (rat exposed Pb acetate 50 mg/kg weight), P6 (normal mice) for 28 days. The results showed that papaya juice was the best dose of 14.4 g / 200g weight because the SOD activity of renal tissue was increased, and serum creatinine level decreased significantly. The conclusion is papaya juice can be used to prevent Pb acetate nephrotoxicity.

Identifikasi molekuler Bakteri Asam Laktat dari Tempe dan Tape Berdasarkan Sekuen Gen 16S rRNA Sulistiani Sulistiani; Iman Hidayat
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Indonesia has varied of fermented food. However, the discovery of the microbial diversity in the Indonesian traditional fermented food is inadequately conducted. In this study, we determined the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) diversity from tempeh and tape based on the nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA gene to obtain information on the biodiversity of lactic acid bacteria in tempeh and tape origin Bali Province, and collection of lactic acid bacteria isolates have beneficial for the development of starters, food science, and genetic resources. A total of six samples of tempeh and six samples of tape were collected from Bali province. A viable count method showed that the LAB population in tempeh was 3.8 x 108 – 2.2 x 109 cfu/g and in tape was 4 x 105 - 1.1 x 108 cfu/g. A molecular identification based on the nucleotide sequence of16S rRNA gene determined six LAB species existed in tempeh (Lactobacillus fermentum, L. plantarum, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Weissella paramesenteroide) and six species in tape (L. fermentum, L. kunkeei, L. plantarum, L. vini, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, P. pentosaceus, W. paramesenteroides. Physiological characterization showed that all LAB isolates grew on medium containing 3% NaCl at pH 4 and pH 6.5, and at temperatures of 30°C and 45°C. Three isolates of P. pentosaceus (Su-ls21, Su-ls22, Su-ls24) exhibited catalase activity and 17 isolates belong to halotolerant bacteria, which can grow on medium containing 6.5% NaCl.

Penilaian Kondisi Kesehatan Ekosistem Mangrove di Ayau dan Ayau Kepulauan, Kabupaten Raja Ampat Rudhi Pribadi; IW Eka Dharmawan; Aditya Sukma Bahari
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Despite their rather universal distribution in tropical inter-tidal coastal area, mangrove has been identified driven by some physical, chemical and biological factors which might vary one to another site. Muddy waters, sufficient freshwater supply, high tidal inundation were few factors that commonly correlated with an ideal mangrove growth. Ayau Islands, a group of several small islands in the Raja Ampat Islands regency West Papua, however, could be an example of how mangrove was closely interconnected to another tropical coastal ecosystem. The purpose of the study has assessed the health of mangrove ecosystems in Ayau and Ayau Islands. A purposive sampling method was applied for this study, two stations were designated in Kanober Island and one station in Dorekar Island. Three replication sampling plots of 10m x 10m has lied on each station and data were collected following a mangrove monitoring manual. The result showed at least eight major species, two minor species and 23 association of mangrove components were found in the study site. In general the vegetation in a good condition with a high canopy cover.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Etanol dan Waktu Maserasi terhadap Rendemen, Kadar Total Fenol dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Rumput Laut Padina australis Annisa Permata Sari; Irmanida Batubara; Muhammad Nursid
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.2.1192

Padina australis seaweed is known to contain active compounds that can be utilized in pharmaceutics and cosmetics. Ethanol concentration and maceration time are thought to affect the concentration of active compounds in the extract. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol concentration and maceration time on yield, antioxidant activity, and the total phenol content (TPC). Seaweed samples were taken from Binuangeun waters, Lebak-Banten. Extraction was conducted by maceration method using 0, 40, and 80 % (v/v) ethanol for 8, 16, and 24 hours. Antioxidant activity was carried out using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test, while the TPC was determined by colorimetry method using FolinCiocalteu reagent. The results showed that the highest extract yield was obtained when using 40 % ethanol and 16 hours maceration time, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained when using 80 % ethanol and 24 hours maceration time, while the highest TPC was obtained when using 40 % ethanol and 8 hours maceration time. Based on this research, the best antioxidant activity of extract was obtained when maceration used 80 % ethanol with a 24-hour maceration time.

Penggunaan Asap Cair dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit untuk Pengendalian Jamur Phytophthora citrophthora secara In Vitro Hasan Oramahi; Elvi Rusmiyanto; Kustiati Kustiati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1265

Efficacy of wood vinegar produced from empty fruit bunches (EFB) against Phytophthora citrophthora fungus was evaluated. The objective of the present work is to to evaluate antifungal properties of wood vinegar from EFB against P. citrophthora fungus. Three kinds of wood vinegar were used three temperatures i.e. 350, 400 and 450 °C. Efficacy of wood vinegar from EFB for antifungal is a factorial 3 by 4 in a completely randomized design; the first factor was pyrolysis temperature of wood vinegar from EFB (350, 400, and 450 °C) and the second factor was treatment of concentration of wood vinegar from EFB (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 %, v/v). The results showed that pyrolysis temperature effect of wood vinegar from EFB and concentration of wood vinegar were significantly different for inhibition of fungal growth. The highest inhibition was on wood vinegar for EFB with temperature pyrolysis of 450 °C and concentration of wood vinegar of 1% with average value of 100%.

Kerusakan Histologi Insang Ikan Sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) setelah Paparan Merkuri (HgCl2) Siti Anikha Idzni; Diah Wulandari Rousdy; Junardi Junardi
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1137

Mercury is a heavy metal that can undergo biomagnification in the tissue of aquatic organisms, including accumulating in the gills of fish. The main accumulation of mercury occurs in organisms that live in polluted waters, one of which is the suckermouth cat fish (Pterygoplichtys pardalis). The purpose of this study was to determine the histological damage of Pterygoplichtys pardalis gills against mercury (HgCl2) exposure. This study used a Completely Randomized Design consisting of six treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of control; 0.01 0.02; 0.04; 0.08; 0.16 ppm HgCl2 concentration. The results of the study obtained forms of gill damage in the form of edema, hyperplasia, lamella fusion and epithelial lifting. The highest level of damage occurred at 0.16 ppm HgCl2 concentration in the form of a reduction in secondary lamella structure. Exposure to mercury causes damage to P. pardalis fish gills

Multiplikasi Tunas Pisang Ambon Dua Tandan pada Pemberian Kinetin dalam Kultur In Vitro Triani Hardiyati; Iman Budisantoso; Safia Safia
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.890

Kultur in vitro dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala dalam penyediaan bibit pisang ambon dua tandan melalui multiplikasi tunas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui respon multiplikasi tunas tanaman pisang ambon dua tandan pada pemberian kinetin dalam kultur in vitro, untuk menentukan konsentrasi kinetin yang paling efektif untuk memacu multiplikasi tunas tanaman pisang ambon dua tandan dalam kultur in vitro. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan K0 0 ppm, K1 1 ppm, K2 2 ppm, dan K3 3 ppm, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, jumlah akar, dan panjang akar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Ragam (ANOVA) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan 99% dan dilanjutkan menggunakan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kinetin memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap panjang akar namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah tunas, panjang tunas, dan jumlah akar. Kinetin 2 ppm (K2) merupakan konsentrasi yang paling efektif untuk parameter panjang akar.

Kondisi Pencemaran Lingkungan Berdasarkan Parameter Mikrobiologis di Sekitar Muara Sungai Cimandiri, Teluk Pelabuhan Ratu, Jawa Barat Nur Fitriah Afianti; Lies Indah Sutiknowati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1022

The Gulf waters of Pelabuhan Ratu are important waters for fisheries and tourism. However, currently anthropogenic pollution carried by river flows threatens water quality, especially around the Cimandiri estuary. This study aims to analyze a water quality around Cimandiri estuary based on the abundance of fecal pollution indicator bacteria and patogenic bacteria on water samples taken from 15 stations. Fecal pollution indicator bacteria were enumerated using filtration method and plate count agar, while patogenic bacteria was detected using selective media and biochemical tests. The results of the study in March 2017 showed that domestic waste pollution occurred in Cimandiri estuary. The presence of pollution indicator bacteria colliform, E. coli and patogenic bacteria were found in the water column with varying density levels. The highest density of coliform bacteria was found in the mouth of Cimandiri estuary as much as 4.56x105 CFU / 100 ml and E. coli as much as 2.59x104 CFU/100 ml. Geomean of the total coliform bacteria and E. coli respectively 4.61x103 CFU/100 ml and 7.61x102 CFU/100 ml. The abundance of bacterial pollution indicators in Cimandiri Estuary has been already exceeded Indonesian water quality standard determined by the Ministry of Environment Decree. Patogenic bacteria i.e Vibrio sp. and Aeromonas sp. most found at Cimandiri Estuary.

Dampak Kerusakan Ekosistem Mangrove terhadap Keanekaragaman dan Populasi Perikanan di Teluk Youtefa Kota Jayapura Provinsi Papua John Dominggus Kalor; Kalvin Paiki
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1349

The mangrove ecosystem on the coast of Youtefa Bay is very beneficial for the survival of the Indigenous people in Enggros, Tobati and Nafri villages, as well as residents of Jayapura City and its surroundings. The purpose of this study was to calculate the diversity and population of fisheries in a polluted mangrove ecosystem. The research was conducted in the waters of mangrove ecosystem in Youtefa Bay, Jayapura City, Papua. Fish data were collected at 10 locations, using gill nets with a mesh size of 1.5 inches with a length of 150 meters and 2 inches with a length of 150 meters. Physical and chemical parameters of the waters were also measured in each location. Data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, dominance index, fish abundance, and fish species composition. This study only found 12 species and 10 fish families, with an abundance of 188 individuals/ hectare living and associated with the waters of mangrove ecosystem. There is a reduction in the level of diversity and abundance of fish in the waters of the mangrove ecosystem in Youtefa Bay, due to damage to the ecosystem, conversion of ecosystems, and pollution that occurs in the decomposition of the mangrove ecosystem. These fishery resources will recover if the mangrove ecosystem is restored by increasing the area of the mangrove ecosystem and controlling waste.

Page 31 of 35 | Total Record : 342

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