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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 342 Documents
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Third Generation Bioethanol Production from Chaetomorpha sp. isolated from Pulau Seribu Seawater using Acid Pretreatment Sepwin Nosten Sitompul; Wafa Maftuhin
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1143

Abstract

Currently, the primary source of energy based on fossil fuel, thus promoting both the excessive use of fossil fuel and global warming. Bioethanol provides sustainable energy and serves to reduce the dependence on using fossil fuel. Third-generation bioethanol production from macroalgae provides alternative green energy. To observe the potency of biofuel resources of Chaetomorpha sp. isolated from Pulau Seribu Seawater, the effect of the acid pretreatment was evaluated by using two different acids (H2SO4) concentrations. Powdered Chaetomorpha sp. was prepared, followed by acid pretreatment using H2SO4 1% and 2% (v/v). After 72 hours of fermentation, 1% H2SO4 pretreatment produced 0.026 % of the ethanol from 3 grams of Chaetomorpha sp., whereas pretreatment with H2SO4 2% did not produce bioethanol.
Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Tanaman Bunga sebagai Sumber Pakan Lebah Madu di Kawasan Hutan Desa Batu Dulang, Kecamatan Batu Lanteh, Sumbawa Khotibul Umam; Lili Suharli; Baso Manguntungi; Kus Dianawati; Riri R. Anggih Chaidir
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1049

Abstract

Ketersedian tanaman bunga menjadi kunci penting untuk sumber pakan lebah dan madu yang dihasilkan di masyarakat Sumbawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis jenis tumbuhan bunga yang berpotensi menjadi sumber pakan lebah madu di kawasan hutan, Desa Batu Dulang, Sumbawa. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis vegetasi dengan petak ukur kuadran yang berukuran 1 m x 1 m. Data tanaman yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan indeks keanaekaragaman Shanon-Wienner (H’), indeks kemerataan Shanon (E’) dan indeks dominansi Simpson (D). Hasil penelitian diperoleh data sebanyak 216 individu tanaman bunga dari 28 spesies tanaman dan terbagi dalam 12 famili. Sebanyak 23 spesies berhasil diidentifikasi, sedangkan 4 spesies belum bisa diidentifikasi. Jenis tanaman bunga terbanyak >10 individu tanaman ditemukan pada 8 spesies dengan tanaman Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata) sebagai spesies terbanyak dan 4 spesies tanaman dengan jumlah paling sedikit. Hasil analisis indeks keanekaragaman (H’), kemerataan (E’) dan dominansi (D) tanaman berturut turut yaitu 2.97, 0.89, dan 0.067. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragaman tanaman yang sedang melimpah, kemerataan yang tinggi dan dominansi tanaman yang rendah. Tingginya keanaekaragaman tanaman akan memberikan dampak positif pada ketersediaan sumber pakan lebah madu yang cukup melimpah. Tentu pula harus dengan didukung oleh kondisi hutan yang terjaga kelestariannya dengan melibatkan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian selanjutnya akan difokuskan pada waktu berbunga dari tanaman sumber pakan lebah melalui kalender pembungaan sehingga diketahui tingkat kecukupan pakan bagi lebah dan kuantitas madu yang dihasilkan dalam setahun.
Penapisan Enzim Invertase dari Khamir Asal Nektar dan Madu Hutan Nur Wahidatun Ni’matun Hasanah; Miftahul Ilmi
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1088

Abstract

Yeast is unicellular eukaryotic microorganism and one of the main resources in of organic compound. The natural compounds produced by yeasts have high commercial value; one of the examples is enzyme. Enzymes are widely used in industrial production processes. The invertase enzyme has the ability to catalyze sucrose, and hydrolyze it into equimolar monosaccharides, D-glucose and D-fructose mixtures called invert sugar. Invertase itself is commonly found in various parts of plants wich has high carbon content. Honey and nectar are compounds that have high carbon contents. Very high glucose and fructose contents show high levels of sucrose hydrolysis, so it is possible to have high levels of invertase enzymes in honey and nectar. This study aims to perform screening of invertase enzyme from yeasts that isolated from the nectar and forest honey and to find out the optimum temperature and pH for the enzyme production. This research was conducted by isolating yeast contained in wild honey and flowers nectar. Then conducted by qualitative test with selective medium and benedict test method. Quantitative test of intervase unit activity measured by DNS method with OD 540 nm. Protein concentration measured by Lowry Method with OD 650 nm. From 47 isolats 16 isolates able for invertase enzymes production. Yeast isolat SG 3.2 unit activity is 0.222 U/ml and specific activity is 7.07 U/mg. Optimum production pH and temperature are 5 and 25°C, respectively.
Pengaruh Inokulasi Mikoriza VA Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) Pada Tanah Marginal Indra Sukmawati; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1086

Abstract

Penggunaan jamur mikoriza pada lahan marginal menjadi usaha rehabilitasi kualitas tanah. Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) dipilih karena dapat bersimbiosis dengan fungi Glomus aggregatum untuk mendukung pertumbuhannya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui peran dari VAM terhadap pertumbuhan bawang Dayak  dan kombinasi yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan bawang Dayak di media tanah marginal. Pada penelitian ini, tanaman ditumbuhkan selama tiga bulan di greenhouse. Parameter yang diteliti meliputi: tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat kering (umbi, tajuk dan akar), jumlah umbi, presentase kolonisasi mikoriza, serta jumlah spora. Panen dilakukan 2 kali pada minggu ke-6 dan minggu ke-12. Pengamatan kolonisasi struktur mikoriza pada akar tanaman dilakukan melalui teknik pewarnaan akar (staining). Pengamatan spora dilakukan melalui metode wet sieving and decanting. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktorial. Hasil menunjukan penggunaan Vesikular Arbuskular Mikoriza meningkatkan pertumbuhan Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. yang ditanam pada tanah marginal. Presentase kolonisasi VAM tertinggi yaitu 94% dan jumlah spora 48% yang dihasilkan oleh perlakuan M2. Kombinasi M2+NPK efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pada tinggi tanaman (14%), jumlah daun (117%), berat kering tajuk (98%), berat kering akar (15%), berat kering umbi (65%)
Modifikasi Pakan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) Awaludin Awaludin; Ricky Febrinaldy Simanjuntak; Jumsan Jumsan
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1225

Abstract

Nutrition for the growth of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), include protein, carbohydrate, fat, minerals and vitamins. One of the local raw materials that can be utilized is seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) as an additional ingredient in making artificial feed. This study aims to determine the effect of artificial feeding mixed with seaweed meal on the growth and survival of tiger shrimp. This research is experimental with treatment A: Control, treatment B: 10 grams (seaweed flour), treatment C: 30 grams (seaweed flour), treatment D: 50 grams (seaweed flour) with 5 replications. Treatment D showed the highest growth rate of an average weight of 0.169 grams and an average length of 1.95 cm, the SR of each treatment did not differ significantly. The addition of seaweed flour gives a significant value to the growth of tiger prawns.
Hymenoptera Parasitoid dan Persentase Parasitasi terhadap Berbagai Ulat Pemakan Daun Kelapa Sawit di Kebun Cikasungka PTPN VIII, Cindali, Bogor Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra; Pudjianto Pudjianto; Nina Maryana
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1121

Abstract

Palm oil is one of the plantation commodities in Indonesia and had widespread in Indonesia. One of pests that attack oil palm is insect, and the most damaging pests usually from Lepidoptera. The aim of this study was to determine and counting percent parasitization of the parasitoids that parasitize palm leaf-eating pests in the oil palm plantation of PTPN VIII Cindali, Bogor. The study was conducted in 6 blocks of PTPN VIII Cindali oil palm plantation from September 2014 - June 2015 with observations once a month. Sample was taken by means of each block taken 5 plants in every plots randomly to be observed and palm leaf-eating insects taken to kept until the parasitoid was emerged. The outgoing parasitoids then counted and identificated. The results of the study founds 6 species of palm leaf-eating pests and 5 species of Hymenoptera parasitoids that parasitize these pests. Pests that found were Setora nitens, Amatissa sp., Birthosea bisura, Mahasena corbetti, Metisa plana and Pseudococcus sp. Whereas parasitoids that found were Spinaria spinator, Charops bicolor, Telenomus podisi, Aphanogmus sp. and Acerophagus sp.
Tingkat Kesuburan Perairan pada Zona Litoral di Waduk Sei Pulai, Pulau Bintan, Kepulauan Riau Yoga Oktaliandi Saputra; Tri Apriadi; Winny Retna Melani
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1093

Abstract

Sei Pulai Reservoir have been used as water supply for local communities in Tanjungpinang City and surrounding areas. The objective of this study was to determine trophic level in litoral zone of Sei Pulai Reservoir, Bintan Island. Samples were taken by purposive sampling method that represented inlet (Stations 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5); the middle of the reservoir (Station 6,7, 8); and  outlet (Station 9 and 10). The data were analyzed by TLI (Trophic Level Index).  The result of this study showed that the TLI index of inlet, middle, and outlet of Sei Pulai Reservoir were 3.62, 3.30, and 3.60 respectively. Litoral zone of Sei Pulai Reservoir were mesotrophic, with catagorized fair water quality  (moderate amount of nutrient concentration and primary productivity). Water quality are quite good for drinking water. 
Distribusi Herpetofauna di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Gambut Sungai Buluh Tanjung Jabung Timur Anggit Prima Nugraha; Dawam Suprayogi; Winda Dwi Kartika; Andri Setiawan
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1030

Abstract

Hutan Lindung Gambut (HLG) Sungai Buluh  is one of the village forests in East Tanjung Jabung. Peat soil has high water content and is herpetofauna habitat. Herpetofauna acts as a prey and predator in the peat ecosystem. Some of them occupy the position of top predators on food networks in the peat ecosystem. The existence of this group of animals also acts as an environmental bioindicator which can be indicated by its species richness and individual count. This research was conducted on two habitat conditions (terrestrial and aquatic) with the aim of this study were the distribution and habitat characteristics of herpetofauna in the HLG Sungai Buluh.  This study used the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method which was combined by transect lines in each habitat. Sampling was done nocturnal and diurnal. The specimens obtained then preserved in 70% alcohol. The results showed total of 105 individual herpetofauna consisting of 4 Anura families (Bufonidae 1 species, Dicroglossidae 3 species, Rhacophoridae 3 species, and Ranidae 4 species) and 4 Reptile families (Agamidae 3 species, Scincidae 2 species, Gekkonidae 1 species, and Natricidae 1 species). Eleven species were found in the terrestrial habitat transect while eleven species were found in aquatic habitat transects. Furthermore,  four species were found in both habitat transects. From these results it can be concluded that the HLG Sungai Buluh has a suitable habitat for herpetofauna. However, further research needs to be carried out covering the entire are of HLG Sungai Buluh
Ekologi dan Keanekaragaman Flora di Pulau Enggano Dhanang Puspita; Sigit Eko Prasetyo
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 37, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2020.37.3.1238

Abstract

Enggano Island is one of the islands in Indonesia and is a human settlement. Enggano Island is geologically an ocean island and according to history, it has never joined the Sumatera island. Thus Enggano Island is estimated to have a unique ecosystem and endemic organisms. The purpose of this research is to study the ecology of Enggano Island and its diversity of flora. The method used is exploration, field survey, interview and literature study. The results of this study showed that Enggano Island has five ecosystems, consist of mangrove forest, coastal forest, riparian, forest, and freshwater swamp. Each ecosystem has a specific plant in accordance with the character of its habitat.
Studi Histologi Tingkat Kematangan Gonad Jantan dan Betina Bulu Babi Diadema setosum di Pulau Panjang Jepara Evi Lutfiyani; Delianis Pringgenies; Hadi Endrawati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.1.1208

Abstract

The gonads maturity level (TKG) is a particular stage gonadal development before and after the spawning biota. This research aims to determine the gonads index of the Diadema setosum and the gonads maturity level of Diadema setosum found on Panjang Island, Jepara. The research method used was the observation method. The gonads histology was made by using paraffin method and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The measured parameters were the diameter of the shell, the Gonads Maturity Index (GI) and the Gonads Maturity Level, and environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, DO, and salinity of the water. The Gonads Maturity Level was determined on the histology of gonads. The result shows average Diadema setosum GI value of 7,334 % with an optimum maturity in December. Based on the height of individual the sea urchin (Diadema setosum) found in the category TKG III, which is 11 out of 30 Individuals and two individuals in the TKG IV category are observed histology of the gonadal showing in that phase.

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