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Jurnal Pertahanan : Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity
Published by Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
ISSN : 20879415     EISSN : 25499459     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Jurnal Pertahanan is published quarterly in April, August and December, it aimed to provide research articles in order to have a significant implication to the world of defense strategy. The Journal's primary objective is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in defense studies. Every article contains empirical results, research methods, managerial implication and latest references from primary sources. The Journal is highly relevant to all professionals, directors, managers, entrepreneurs, professors, academic researchers and graduate students in the field of international defense strategy studies. Jurnal Pertahanan published articles on international defense strategy and defense managements. Topics with theoretical or practical appeal or a mixture of both. Jurnal Pertahanan publishes scientific work of military, academics and observers in the common defense strategy and defense management.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 300 Documents
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The Impact of Different Types of Conflict on the U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate Venita Syavera; Salman Alfarisi
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i2.19874

Abstract

Fluctuations in the dollar exchange rate reflect the macroeconomic dynamics experienced by a country. Exchange rate instability is often triggered by external factors, one of which is socio-political conflicts such as wars, violence against civilians, explosions, and protests. This study aims to examine the impact of various types of conflicts on the changes in USD-IDR in Indonesia. The research was conducted using data from 2015–2022 and applying the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) approach, specifically Poisson regression with a log link function, which is deemed appropriate for count-type data that do not follow a normal distribution. Exchange rate data was obtained from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), while conflict data came from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data (ACLED) database. The independent variables analyzed include the categories of war, civil violence, explosions, and protests. The estimation results show that war has a significant negative impact on the exchange rate, while incidents of explosions and protests have a significant positive impact. On the other hand, civil violence has not been statistically proven to have an impact. The results of this study indicate that not all types of conflict have the same impact on exchange rates, making it important for policymakers to identify and differentiate types of conflict in economic analysis. This study opens up opportunities for further research by incorporating other macroeconomic variables and cross-country comparative approaches.
The Effect of Training, Work Environment, Esprit de Corps, and Competence on Combat Readiness Marsono Marsono; H.M. Kemalsyah
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i2.19909

Abstract

Personnel combat readiness is the main focus of the Indonesian Air Force units in carrying out their main tasks. Air Squadron 15 (Iswahjudi Air Force Base) is one of the Indonesian Air Force units that is expected to have maximum personnel combat readiness, but in reality, the combat readiness of personnel in this unit is not yet optimal. Personnel combat readiness can be influenced by various factors. This study used a quantitative method with a sample size of 59 people, and data analysis was carried out using path analysis techniques. The results of the study showed that training has a direct positive effect on combat readiness, the work environment had a direct positive effect on combat readiness, and environmental factors had a direct positive effect on combat readiness. Esprit de corps had a direct positive effect on combat readiness, and competence had a direct positive effect on combat readiness. Furthermore, training had a direct positive effect on competence, the work environment had a direct positive effect on competence, esprit de corps had a direct positive effect on competence, and training had a direct positive effect on esprit de corps. It is recommended that Air Squadron 15 improve the combat readiness of personnel by increasing and improving the training process, work environment, esprit de corps, and personnel competence. In addition, further research is needed on the combat readiness of personnel by considering other relevant aspects. It is recommended that the Indonesian Air Force leaders in air units increase the combat readiness of their personnel by adding/improving the variables that influence it.
Network Security Analysis Using PPTP and VPN on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle PUNA MALE Simulation Prototype Bita Parga Zen; Iwan Nofi Yono Putro; Faisal Dharma Adhinata
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19915

Abstract

Reliable and secure communication is a fundamental requirement for Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance (MALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations, where real-time data transmission must be maintained despite network instability. Internet-Protocol (IP)-based communication networks commonly used in UAV systems are susceptible to delay, jitter, and packet loss, which can degrade mission performance in surveillance and reconnaissance scenarios. This study investigates the capability of a Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) Virtual Private Network (VPN) to simultaneously enhance communication security and preserve network Quality of Service (QoS) for PUNA MALE UAV communications. A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation environment implemented in GNS3 was developed to emulate realistic operational conditions. Network performance was evaluated using ICMP, TCP, and UDP protocols, with metrics including delay, jitter, and packet loss. Experimental results show that ICMP achieved an average jitter of 0.0879 ms with zero packet loss, while TCP demonstrated superior stability compared to UDP, which exhibited a packet loss rate of 1.9708%. The findings reveal that PPTP VPN deployment can maintain stable QoS performance while providing secure communication channels, indicating its feasibility as a lightweight security solution for UAV communication systems operating in controlled network environments. This work provides empirical evidence supporting the secure integration of VPNs for reliable MALE UAV data communication architectures.
Threats, Dynamics, Nationalism And Strategies: A Study of Indonesian Border in West Kalimantan Jagad Aditya Dewantara; Dasim Budimansyah; Cecep Darmawan; Kokom Komalasari; Efriani Efriani
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i3.19923

Abstract

This article reviews border issues related to threats, dynamics, problems, and nationalism of the Indonesian people living on the border of West Kalimantan. The dynamics and complex problems on the Indonesia-Malaysia border have created various conflicts and struggles for citizenship in both countries. In addition, kinship in the two countries has a different impact on nationalism, as people on the border in the PLBN zone are more controllable from a socio-economic point of view. Meanwhile, people living in non-PLBN zones tend to have many problems, such as poor welfare and infrastructure development. As a result, the Indonesian people, bordered by the Non-PLBN zone, seem to prefer a country that provides welfare. This study uses the civic engagement and securitization theory to analyze how these issues occur in the Indonesian-Malaysian border community. This study shows a critical review of the picture related to threats, dynamics, nationalism, and strategies of local communities at the border. In the case study, issues concerning the dynamics of local border residents in Indonesia are themes that deserve more attention from various parties, from academics to practitioners. Therefore, with empirical evidence from this study, it is hoped that researchers, academics, practitioners, and politicians will be able to respond wisely to cross-border dynamics
Work Environment and Job Satisfaction of Soldiers with Psychological Well-being as a Moderator Ogi Nanda Raka Ade Candra Nugraha; Adi Heryadi
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i3.19933

Abstract

Indonesian military personnel serve as the front line in safeguarding national sovereignty and often face high job pressure and challenging work environments. These conditions can lead to stress, job dissatisfaction, and even disciplinary violations. A decrease in job satisfaction can significantly impact soldier loyalty and performance. Therefore, understanding the factors influencing job satisfaction is essential. This study aims to examine the relationship between work environment and job satisfaction and explore the moderating role of psychological well-being among soldiers of the 3rd Armed Battalion/Naga Pakca. The research utilized a quantitative correlational method, involving 177 enlisted and non-commissioned officers from the 3rd Armed Battalion/Naga Pakca. Data were gathered using three self-report scales: the work environment scale based on Soetjipto’s theory, developed into a work environment scale by Panggabean and Satwika (2024); the Job Satisfaction Scale – Luthans, adapted by Irmadani and Izzati (2024); and the Psychological Well-Being Scale – Ryff, adapted by Rijki and Kuncoro (2024). All instruments were tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with interaction testing. The findings revealed a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between work environment and job satisfaction (r = 0.707; p < 0.05). Additionally, psychological well-being was found to significantly moderate this relationship (p = 0.000), contributing 75.4% to the overall model (R²). This indicates that psychological well-being strengthens the impact of a conducive work environment on job satisfaction. In conclusion, psychological well-being plays a critical role in enhancing the positive influence of the work environment on job satisfaction among military personnel. Therefore, military institutions should prioritize supportive work environments and programs that promote mental well-being to improve soldiers' satisfaction and performance over the long term.
Defense Logistics Management in Border Areas Djamarel Hermanto; Herlina Juni Risma Saragih
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i2.19975

Abstract

This article thoroughly investigates the optimization of defense logistics management within national border areas, with a distinct focus on integrating a "soft power" approach. Border regions are inherently complex, characterized by extreme geographical conditions, challenging accessibility, and intricate socio-cultural dynamics, all of which demand the implementation of highly adaptive, efficient, and strategically nuanced logistics systems. Beyond its traditional function of facilitating the movement of goods and operational support, defense logistics is presented as a crucial mechanism for cultivating trust, actively supporting community well-being, and significantly enhancing regional stability. This qualitative research, conducted through an extensive literature review and descriptive-analytical analysis, meticulously analyzes various facets of logistics support systems—ranging from planning and procurement to efficient storage and diverse transportation methods—and examines various logistics distribution models, emphasizing the indispensable role of active local community involvement and robust cross-sectoral collaboration. The key findings unequivocally demonstrate that effective and strategically applied defense logistics is not merely foundational for robust military operations but also functions as a powerful catalyst for fostering positive civil-military relations, ultimately contributing to sustainable development, enhanced security, and enduring stability in these critical border regions.
Navigating the Tension Between National Interests and Global Cooperation: Contemporary Governance Challenges in Defense and Security Ernalem Bangun; Otto Trengginas Setiawan; Pujo Widodo; Yumasdaleni Yumasdaleni
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i2.19979

Abstract

In the contemporary landscape of global governance, persistent tensions exist between national strategic interests and the urgent need for international collaboration. Major global challenges such as climate change, digital security, and inequality demand coordinated responses across nations. Yet, state actors often prioritize sovereign goals, creating friction in efforts toward collective action. This study examines these tensions and evaluates the relevance of international institutions like the United Nations (UN) and World Trade Organization (WTO) amid shifting power dynamics, rising nationalism, and protectionist policies. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review, the research analyzes how the fragmentation of global governance undermines institutional effectiveness. The study emphasizes that developing countries are gaining influence due to demographic shifts and economic growth, highlighting the need for inclusive decision-making processes. Findings indicate a legitimacy crisis among international institutions struggling to adapt to these geopolitical shifts. The study concludes that overcoming structural polarization requires balancing national interests with cooperative global strategies. Strengthening institutional capacity and embracing inclusive policies are essential for ensuring long-term security, stability, and sustainability in an increasingly interconnected world.
Blue Ocean Leadership as a Transformational Strategy in Addressing Educational Challenges in Indonesia's Border Regions Yusnaldi Yusnaldi; Herni Pujiati
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i2.20000

Abstract

Indonesia's geographically challenging frontier regions. As border areas face unique educational challenges, including infrastructure limitations, teacher shortages, and cultural complexity, conventional leadership approaches often prove insufficient. Blue Ocean Leadership is a strategy that focuses on unlocking the untapped talent and motivation of employees by shifting leadership actions from traditional, competitive approaches to those that create value and inspire engagement. Drawing on blue ocean strategy principles and adaptive leadership frameworks, this research investigates how educational leaders in Indonesian border regions create uncontested leadership spaces while adapting to local contexts. Through narrative analysis of twenty-five in-depth interviews with educational leaders across five border provinces, this study identifies four transformative leadership patterns: context-sensitive innovation, cross-border collaborative networks, cultural integration in pedagogical approaches, and technology-enabled resilience. The findings reveal how adaptive leadership creates value through both structural improvements and cultural-pedagogical innovations. This research contributes to educational leadership literature by demonstrating how blue ocean leadership principles can be contextually adapted to address the distinctive challenges of border education management while building regional resilience. The study provides actionable insights for educational policymakers and practitioners in similar geopolitically complex regions worldwide.
Transformational Leadership in the Military’s Wartime and Peacetime Rudy Sutanto
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i2.20002

Abstract

Leadership is a fundamental element that determines the effectiveness of an organization, both in wartime and peacetime contexts. This study aims to analyze the application of transformational leadership theory in the military context, during both periods of conflict and peace. Transformational leadership theory is considered relevant because it explains how leaders can inspire, motivate, and collectively develop their subordinates in facing dynamic challenges within the military environment. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data were obtained through a literature review of various scholarly sources on leadership, military organizations, and the transformational theory developed by Bass and Avolio. The findings indicate that transformational leadership can be effectively applied in the military, both to address operational pressures during wartime and to build organizational structure and personnel during peacetime. These findings affirm that principles such as idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration significantly contribute to improving morale, efficiency, and the resilience of military organizations. However, certain limitations, such as the hierarchical structure and command culture, remain challenges in its implementation. This study recommends strengthening leadership training based on transformational values in the future development of military organizations
Iran’s Surrogate Warfare Strategy against Israel: Geopolitical Maneuvering in the Palestine–Israel Conflict (October 2023–June 2025) Abdullah Alwi; R. Widya Setiabudi Sumadinata; Dina Yulianti
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.20153

Abstract

The Israel–Palestine conflict experienced a dramatic escalation following Hamas’s launch of the Al-Aqsa Flood Operation. The conflict triggered broader regional involvement through Iran’s network of allied forces known as the Axis of Resistance. This study analyzes Iran’s surrogate warfare strategy against Israel during the Palestine–Israel conflict from October 2023 to June 2025, focusing on how Iran externalizes the burden of war through proxy forces and technological means. A single-case study design with a qualitative approach was employed. Secondary data include statements from Iranian officials and Axis of Resistance actors obtained through official media channels, reports from think tanks, and international media coverage. Document analysis, content observation, and qualitative content analysis were conducted following Yin, (2018) framework. The study identifies four key dimensions of Iran’s surrogate warfare strategy: (1) delegation and outsourcing to non-state actors, including Hezbollah, Hamas, the Houthi forces, and Iraqi resistance groups; (2) political efficiency achieved through plausible deniability while maintaining strategic influence; (3) multi-level contestation across military, diplomatic, and technological domains; and (4) a strategic shift from indirect confrontation toward a highly limited direct confrontation during the 12-day war in June 2025. Surrogate warfare enabled Iran to project power without direct involvement in the early stages; however, challenges of control and strategic blowback eventually forced limited direct military confrontation with Israel. Iran’s surrogate warfare represents an adaptive response to conventional military asymmetry but faces inherent limitations in controlling autonomous proxy actors and preventing unintended escalation. The transition to direct warfare in June 2025 indicates that surrogate strategies alone cannot address existential security threats, potentially reshaping the dynamics of regional conflict and the future applicability of indirect warfare doctrines.

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