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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08537291 EISSN : 24067598 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.

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Articles 743 Documents

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Properti Probiotik Isolat Bakteri Asam Laktat untuk Mengendalikan Pertumbuhan Vibrio alginolyticus pada Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) Nursyirwani Nursyirwani; W. Asmara; A.E.T.H. Wahyuni; Triyanto Triyanto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 16, No 3 (2011): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyeleksi isolat bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang telah diisolasi dari ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) berdasarkan toleransi terhadap pH dan bile salts, patogenisitas dan kemampuannya menekan pertumbuhan Vibrio alginolyticus pada uji ko-kultur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua puluh isolat BAL yang telah diuji antagonismenya terhadap V. alginolyticus pada penelitian terdahulu, dapat hidup pada pH rendah 3 dan tumbuh pada konsentrasi bile salts 0,5% kecuali isolat KSBU 13D. Semua isolat tidak patogen terhadap ikan Kerapu Macan setelah diinfeksi BAL pada konsentrasi 107 cfu/ml secara intraperitoneal (IP). Pada uji ko-kultur, dari 6 isolat BAL yang dipilih, tiga isolat (KSBU 12C, KSBU 5Da, KSBU 9) berturut-turut mampu menekan pertumbuhan V. alginolyticus, dan penambahan konsentrasi BAL terbaik adalah 107 cfu/ml. Kata kunci: bakteri asam laktat, vibriosis, patogenisitas, ko-kultur, kerapu macan The research objective was to select lactic acid bacteria which previously isolated from Tiger Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) based on pH and bile salts tolerances, pathogenicity test and ability to decrease the growth of Vibrio alginolyticus in co-culture test. The result shows that twenty isolates which had also been examined their antagonisms against V. alginolyticus previously, were able to survive relatively low pH values 3 and able to survive at high bile salts concentrations 0.5% except KSBU 13D isolate. All isolates were nonpathogenic to Tiger Grouper after being intraperitoneally infected with the lactic acid bacteria at concentration 107 cfu/ml. In co-culture test, V. alginolyticus was reduced significantly by three isolates (KSBU 12C, KSBU 5Da, KSBU 9) from 6 isolates selected, and the best additional bacterial concentration was 107 cfu/ml. Key words: lactic acid bacteria, vibriosis, pathogenicity, kerapu macan

Mangrove Ecosystem Management Strategy in Maron Beach Semarang Alin Fithor; Joko Sutrisno; Agus Indarjo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 4 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Management of mangrove ecosystem is an important agenda in conserving tourism spots in coastal area. This research aimed at examining the recreation activities done in mangrove ecosystem area and mangrove forest strategy in Maron Beach, Tambakharjo, Semarang Municipality. This research employed a survey approach using direct interviews and field observations. The repondent included the entire population in the research area. Samples of this study were selected using cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected by observations, interviews and document study, followed by SWOT analysis. The results showed that the opening of Maron Beach recreation area has given some negative impacts to the post-rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems, reducing the function mangrove in protecting the shore from coastal abrasion, reducing ability of wind abrasion protection, weakening the environmental conditions, decreasing the number of visitors and decreasing the production of fish. Mangrove forest management should be progressive, which means that research should be done in poor and unsteady conditions which result allow the market to continuously expand, enlarge the market growth and maximize the progress. Through the implementation of a non-overlapping effort, this condition can be improved.

Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Kepiting Bakau (Scylla paramamosain) yang Dipelihara pada Substrat Berbeda I.S. Djunaidah; M.R. Toelihere; M.I. Effendie; S Sukimin; E Riani
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 9, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Percobaan pemeliharaan benih kepiting bakau (Scylla paramamosain) telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan metoda pemeliharaan benih kepiting hingga didapatkan benih siap tebar secara masal. Percobaan dilakukan dalam bak serat kaca (fiber glass) berukuran 50 x 40 x 40 cm3 yang dilengkapi dengan aerasi dandiberi substrat dasar dengan ketebalan 3 cm dan digunakan air laut sebagai media pemeliharaan. Pada setiap bak dipelihara 30 ekor benih selama 30 hari. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap; tahap pertama menguji tiga jenis substrat (pasir, koral dan lumpur) yang ditempatkan di dasar bak dengan ketebalan 3 cm; sedangkan pada tahap kedua ditambahkan pelindung (shelter) berupa potongan pipa PVC yang berdiameter 0,75 inch dengan panjang 10 cm yang ditempatkan pada setiap bak masing-masing sebanyak enam buah. Pakan berupa cacahan udang diberikan satu kali sebanyak 50 % dari total biomasa benih kepiting (crablet). Percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan masing-masing dengan tiga ulangan.Tidak ada perbedaan nyata kelangsungah hidup benih pada percobaan pertama. Kelangsungan hidup benih yang dipelihara pada substrat pasir, koral dan lumpur masing-masing adalah 23,3 %, 20,0 % dan 18,4 %.Pertumbuhan benih kepiting dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh perlakuan. Benih kepiting yang dipelihara dalam substrat lumpur secara nyata (P<0,01) memiliki pertumbuhan lebar (27,51mm) dan panjang karapas (19,79 mm) lebih baik dibandingkan dengan benih kepiting yang dipelihara pada substrat pasir (lebar karapas = 21,05, panjang karapas = 15,11 mm) dan substrat koral (lebar karapas = 20,26 mm, lebar karapas = 14,54 mm). Sebaliknya, pertumbuhan karapas tidak dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan pada percobaan kedua. Kelangsungan hidup meningkat dengan penambahan pelindung. Benih kepiting yang dipelihara pada substrat pasir menunjukkan kelangsungan hidup secra nyata lebih tinggi (41,3 %) dibandingakn dengan kelangsungan hidup benih yang dipelihara pada substrat lumpur (29,3 %), tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan kelangsungan hidup benih yang dipelihara pada substrat koral (34,7 %).Kata kunci : Kepiting bakau; Scylla spp.; pendederan; substratA 30 day of two nursery experiments was conducted to evaluate the effect of different rearing substrates on the growth and survival of mud crab seed. In the first experiment mud crab seeds were reared in fiber glasstank of 50 x 40 x 40 cm3 at the initial stocking density of 30 crablet/tank. The tanks were filled with filtered seawater to a depth of 30 cm and aerated. Each tank was provided with a 3 cm thick layer of bottomsubstrate. The rearing substrate tested in this experiment were sand, coral and mud. Each treatment was run in three replicates. The second experiment was conducted by providing in each tank six pieces of PVC tube (0.75 inch diameter) of 10 cm long to serve as shelter. Pieces of shrimp were given as feed to mud crab once a day at 50 % of total body weight. No significant differences on survival was observed among treatments in the first experiment. After 30 days the survival of crab reared in sand, coral and mud substrates were 23.3 %, 20.0 % and 18.4 %, respectively. The growth, however, was significantly affected by the treatment. The crab reared in mud substrate had a significantly (P<0.01) better growth of carapace width (27.51 mm) and length (19.79 mm) as compared to the crabs reared in sand substrate (21.05 mm width; 15.11 length) and coral substrate (20.26 mm width; 14.54 length). In contrast, the growth of crab carapace was not significantly affected by the substrate treatment in the second experiment. The crab survival in this experiment was improved by providing shelters. The crabs reared in sand substrate had a significantly higher survival (41.3 %) as compared to the mud substrate treatment (29.3 %), but there was no significant difference with coral substrate treatment (34.7 %).Key words : Mud crab; Scylla spp.; nursery; substrate

Keunggulan Aplikasi Peramalan Fishing ground Tuna di Lokasi Upwelling dengan Bantuan Citra Satelit Harian Kunarso Kunarso; Agus Supangat; Wiweka Wiweka
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Ikan tuna merupakan penyumbang devisa negara dari sektor perikanan laut. Pengusahaan tuna untuk mencukupi kebutuhan ekspor dan pasar loka lperlu terus ditingkatkan selama masih memungkinkan. Salah satu kendala dalam berburu tuna adalah lemahnya informasi fishing ground baik secara spasial maupun temporal. Kondisi iklim global yang berubah-ubah tidak menentu semakin menyulitkan dalam menentukan fishing ground tuna, sehingga perburuan tuna menjadi kurang efektif, boros waktu dan bahan bakar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji dan mengkaji efektifitas aplikasi teknologi peramalan fishing ground tuna di lokasi upwelling dengan bantuan citra satelit harian. Metodolog iyang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey lapangan dengan metode riset eksperimental semu. Data dasar peramalan menggunakan citra satelit harian MODIS and NOAA. Peramalan fishing ground tuna dengan data citra satelit harian bisa diaplikasikan dengan delay waktu tercepat relatif sekitar 19 jam dari saat perekaman. Aplikasi hasil peramalan fishing ground tuna mempunyai keunggulan berupa efektifitas keberhasilan berkisar 80 % dan perlu pemahaman waktu delay time antara blooming khlorofil-a hingga adanya tuna dan residence time tuna di lokasi upweiiing. Residence time tuna dilokasi upweiiing diduga sekitar 1-2 minggu.Kata kunci: Peramalan, fishing ground, tuna, upwelling, satelit harianTuna fisheries give high contribution to national income. Tuna fishing effort for supply export and local market necessary to be developed as long as possible. The aim of this research is to test and study effectiveness of tuna fishing ground forecasting technology application in the upwelling location by daily satellite images. Method of this research is quasi experimental research. Daily satellite images of MODIS and NOAA as primary data is used for forecasting. Tuna fishing ground forecasting using daily satellite images data is able to be applied by delay time 19 hours from satellite record time. Application of tuna fishing ground forecasting have 80 % effectiveness and need to understand delay time of blooming of chlorophyll-a till tuna arrival and tuna residence time in theupwelling location. Tuna residence time in the upwelling location is predicted about 1-2 weeks.Key words: forecasting, fishing ground, tuna, upwelling, daily satellite

Oil Spill Biodegradation by Bacteria Isolated from Jakarta Bay Marine Sediments Angga Dwinovantyo; Tri Prartono; Restya Rahmaniar; Nico Wantona Prabowo; Santi Susanti
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 21, No 1 (2016): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

A laboratory study was conducted with the aim to isolate and identify bacteria from sea sediment and test their biodegradation ability in two place where contaminated with oil spill. Five sediment samples were dissolved by using sterile sea water, and then bacteria isolated with total plate count (TPC) method. Isolates bacteria was cultivated, and adapted using the nutrient conditioned sea water medium. Biodegradation process was done by mixing the bacteria with crude oil and shaken for few days. The number of bacteria isolated varied from 2 x 102 CFU ml-1 to 6 x 106 CFU ml-1 and apparently increased after cultivation and adaptation with oily media. Bacteria identified during this study were Fundibacter sp., Alcanivorax sp., and Marinobacter sp.. The result of biodegradation process was statistically analyzed and obtained that the bacteria are effective in degrading oil in seven days with constant of biodegradation rate was 0.1766. GC-MS analysis was conducted to prove the decomposition of carbon chain by bacteria and revealed oil degradation in carbon number 11 to 27. Based on all analysis, marine sediment bacteria can degrade the oil spill. Keywords : Bacteria, Biodegradation, GC-MS, Marine Sediments, Oil spill.

Aplikasi Quixalud dalam Pakan Buatan Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Rasio Konversi Pakan dan kelulushidupan Benih Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscogutattus) Diana Rachmawati
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 11, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Quixalud merupakan feed additive berwarna krem berbentuk bubuk, terdiri dari halquinol 60 % dan kalsium karbonat 40 % Quixalud digunakan sebagai feed additive pakan untuk memperbaiki kandungan nutrisi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan quixalud dalam pakan buatan; dosis terbaik penambahan quixalud dalam pakan buatan dan dosis optimum penambahan quixalud dalam pakan buatan yang menghasilkan pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan dan kelulushidupan terbaik benih ikan kerapu macan. Benih ikan kerapu macan (berat rata-rata 0,36 gram dan panjang rata-rata 1,5 cm) yang berasal dari pemijahan alami BPAP Situbondo digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pakan uji berbentuk pellet kandungan protein 43,64%, pakan uji dibuat dari pakan komersial bentuk bubuk produksi BBPBAP Jepara ditambah quixalud bentuk bubuk dengan dosis sesuai perlakuan. Metode penelitian menggunakan eksperimental yang dilakukan dilaboratorium dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakukannya berupa penambahan berbagai dosis quixalud dalam pakan, yaitu : 0 mg/kg; 15 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg dan 45 mg/kg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan quixalud dalam pakan buatan berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian. berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap rasio konversi pakan dan tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0,05) terhadap kelulushidupan benih ikan kerapu macan. Penambahan quixalud dalam pakan buatan sebesar 30 mg/kg pakan (perlakuan C) memberikan pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan dan kelulushidupan benih ikan kerapu macan terbaik. Dosis optimal penambahan quixalud dalam pakan buatan untuk laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian adalah 20,73 mg/kg pakan dan dosis optimal untuk rasio konversi pakan adalah 20,55 mg/kg pakan. Kualitas air media masih dalam kisaran yang layak bagi pemeliharaan nenih ikan kerapu macan. Kata kunci: Quixalud, pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan dan kelulushidupan. Quixalud is additive feed represent in cream color in form of powder, consist of halquinol 60 % and carbonate calcium 40 %. Quixalud used as additive feed to improve nutritional content. Aim of this research are to know effect of quixalud addition in artificial feed; beside to know the best dose of quixalud addition in feed and optimum dose quixalud addition in feed to make the best growth, feed convertion ratio and survival rate of tiger grouper seed. The research used tiger grouper seed (mean of weight is 0,36 gram and mean length is 1,5 cm) as animal test. The seeds coming from natural spawner of BPAP Situbondo. The test feed formed in pellet by raw material from powder artificial feed made by BBPAP Jepara adding by quixalud in powder form too in doses as the treatment used. The protein content of the test feed is 43,64%. The research done by experimental laboratory method used completely random design. The treatment are addition of various quixalud dose in feed, that are : 0 mg/kg; 15 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg. The Result of research indicate that addition of quixalud in feed made a significantly effect (p < 0,05) to daily specific growth rate. Having a very significantly effect (p < 0,01) to FCR and having not an effect (p > 0,05) to survival rate of the tiger grouper seed. Addition of quixalud in feed in equal to 30 mg/kg feed (treatment C) giving the best of growth rate, FCR and and survival rate to the tiger grouper seed. The optimal dose addition of quixalud in feed that made the optimal growth is 20,73 mg/kg feed and optimal dose for the FCR is 20,55 mg/kg feed. The water quality parameters during the rearing period were still suitable range for tiger grouper seed. Key words: Quixalud, growth, feeding conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate

Current Status and Species Diversity of Seagrass in Panjang Island, Banten Yayuk Sugianti; Mujiyanto Mujiyanto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 25, No 1 (2020): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Damage to seagrass beds in Panjang Island, Banten, has increased every year. The most significant decline occurred at an interval of 2000-2005 with a decrease of about 22.9 ha. Seagrass damage continued to increase at the year between 1989-2002 as a result of natural stone mining and coastal reclamation activities to become industrial areas and ports. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of the species and current status of seagrass communities in Panjang Island waters, Banten. Analysis of seagrass data included identification of species, frequency, density, percent coverage, and important value index. Based on these results, it was found three species of seagrass on Panjang Island, Banten, including species of Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea serrulata, and Syrongodium isoetifolium. The percentage of seagrass coverage at five different research stations, the highest percentage of seagrass coverage was at station IV with a percentage of coverage of 48.94% and the lowest coverage was obtained at station V of 10.28%. The calculation of the importance value index (INP) of seagrass in Panjang Island waters, Banten, showed that the highest INP value was found in the Cymodocea serrulata seagrass species which was 41.47 and the lowest was found in the Syrongodium isoetifolium seagrass species which was 16.81. PCA analysis was also conducted to determine the relationship of seagrass density with chemical physics parameters. The results obtained showed the condition of seagrass ecosystems in Panjang Island waters, Banten, which was at a level of moderate to severe damage. The results of PCA analysis showed that water temperature, nitrate concentration, DO, and TSS greatly influenced the density of seagrass in these waters.

Penentuan Musim Reproduksi Generatif dan Preferensi Perekatan Spora Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottonii) (Determining of Seasonal Generative Reproduction and Attaching Preferences of Seaweed Spores (Eucheuma cottonii)) Ma'ruf Kasim; Asnani Asnani
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 17, No 4 (2012): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kualitas bibit rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii adalah mengupayakan regenerasi secara generatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui musim pelepasan spora rumput laut E. cottonii secara alami dan preferensi perekatan spora pada substrat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di pantai Lakeba, Kota Bau-Bau, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode kurungan rumput laut induk pada dasar perairan digunakan untuk memudahkan pengamatan musim reproduksi. Untuk mengetahui preferensi pelekatan spora digunakan substrat dari berbagai bahan yang digantung disekitar kurungan dasar. Selama penelitian, bentuk morfologi rumput laut terlihat sehat berwarna cokelat tua dan diameter thallus utama berukuran besar. Pada pangkal thallus utama tersebut, terlihat membentuk tonjolan kecil menumpul yang cukup banyak. Tonjolan tersebut diduga sebagai tempat pengeluaran gametosit jantan dan betina. Pada akhir bulan September sampai tengah Oktober terlihat penempelan bibit rumput laut pada substrat karang dan batuan. Bibit yang ditemukan terlihat (kasat mata) setelah berukuran 0,3–0,6 cm dengan bobot 0,018 - 0,038 g. Untuk bobot basah, ukuran 0,4 g pada minggu pertama pemeliharaan dan hanya terjadi perubahan bobot sebesar 2,7 g pada minggu kedelapan pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi mengenai musim reproduksi generatif pada bulan September-Oktober. Informasi lainnya adalah spora E. cottonii banyak ditemukan melekat pada karang mati bercabang. Sehingga untuk mendapatkan bibit generatif E. cottonii di perairan Sulawesi Tenggara, dapat dilakukan pada bulan tersebut. Bibit yang dikoleksi dialam terbukti mempunyai pertumbuhan yang cukup baik dibandingkan dengan bibit vegetatif yang dipelihara pada areal budidaya masyarakat.Kata kunci: Eucheuma cottonii, bibit, musim perekatan, spora, generatifOne of the few ways to improve the quality of seed types Eucheuma cottonii is to seek methods of regenerating seeds by generative ways. This study aims to determine the release of seaweed spores naturally, and seedling preferences of E. cottonii spores on the substrate. This research was conducted in the area of seaweed cultivation at Lakeba coast line, City of Bau-Bau, Southeast Sulawesi Province. To facilitate observation of the reproductive season, cages method is used for holding seaweed in bottom waters. And to know the preferences of spore attachment were used substrates from various basic materials hanging around the cages. During our research study, the seaweed morphology seens healthy. Seaweed has a dark brown and large diameter of main Thallus. At the base of the main Thallus, small bulge seens enough. The bulge were plenty and rebate expenses allegedly as a male and female gametocytes. At the end of September to middle of October would seens the attachment seaweed seeds on branching coral substrate and rocks. Seeds those found seen (invisible) after sized 0.3 to 0.6 cm with the weight 0.018 to 0.038 g. For wet weight, in the first week upkeep, size reaches 0.4 g and only reaching changes in weight of 2.7 g in the eighth week. This study has provided information on the generative reproduction which occurred on September - October. In addition spore of E. cottonii is commonly found attached to dead coral branches. Thereby, to get the generative seeds of E. cottonii in field especially at Southeast Sulawesi waters, can be carried out in September-October. Seeds which were collected in nature proved to have sufficient good growth compared to vegetative seeds were maintained in the cultivation area.Key words: seaweed, seeds, seedling season, spores, generative

Studi Komposisi Pigmen dan Kandungan Fukosantin Rumput Laut Cokelat dari Perairan Madura dengan Kromatogra Cair Kinerja Tinggi Leenawaty Limantara; Heriyanto Heriyanto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 15, No 1 (2010): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Variasi warna tallus pada setiap jenis rumput laut dipengaruhi oleh adanya perbedaan jenis pigmen dan kandungan pigmen dominan yang terdapat didalamnya. Oleh sebab itu, lima jenis rumput laut cokelat telah dianalisa menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) yang dilengkapi dengan detektor photodiode array untuk menentukan komposisi pigmen dan kandungan pigmen dominan fukosantin. Dua puluh enam, 27, 18, 27, dan 19 jenis pigmen telah dipisahkan dari Sargassum duplicatum, S. lipendula, S. polycystum, Padina australis dan Turbinaria conoides secara berturut-turut, dalam satu langkah kerja dengan KCKT fase terbalik menggunakan elusi gradien antara metanol, aseton dan larutan amonium asetat selama 70 menit waktu elusi untuk mendapatkan pemisahan puncak pigmen dengan resolusi yang tinggi. Identikasi pigmen dilakukan berdasarkan urutan kepolaran dan panjang gelombang serapan maksimum setiap pigmen yang dibandingkan dengan literatur yang menggunakan sampel rumput laut cokelat dan fase gerak yang relatif sama. Klorolid a, klorofil c, isomer trans fukosantin, isomer cis fukosantin, ß-kriptoxantin, zeaxantin, violaxantin, fucoxantol, klorofil a, klorofil a’, feofitin a, feofitin a’ dan ß-karoten merupakan pigmen yang ditemukan pada hampir semua rumput laut cokelat. Kandungan fukosantin ditentukan berdasarkan persamaan garis dari kurva standar fukosantin antara luas puncak fukosantin dan konsentrasi fukosantin standar. P. australis memiliki kandungan fukosantin tertinggi jika dibandingkan dengan rumput laut cokelat lainnya yaitu sebesar 0,6368 mg/g berat basah. Hal ini disebabkan karena P. australis tumbuh pada kedalaman yang lebih dalam, sehingga memiliki kemampuan adaptasi khusus berupa thallus yang menyerupai lembaran daun yang digunakan dalam proses pemanenan cahaya secara efisien. Kata kunci: rumput laut cokelat, komposisi pigmen, kandungan fukosantin, KCKT The color of seaweed is influenced by the difference of the type and the content of main pigments inside of seaweed thallus. Therefore, five kinds of brown seaweed have been analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which equipped by photodiode array detector to determine the composition of pigment and the content of fucoxanthin. Twenty six, 27, 18, 27, and 19 pigments were separated from Sargassum duplicatum, S. filipendula, S. polycystum, Padina australis and Turbinaria conoides, respectively, in a single-step procedure by reversedphase HPLC with an elution gradient of methanol, acetone and ammonium acetate solution during elution time of 70 minutes. The high resolution peaks of the separated pigments from seaweeds have been obtained by above procedure. The identification of pigments was carried out based on the sequence of pigment polarity and the maximum absorption wavelength of each pigment. These pigment properties were compared by literature that using the brown seaweed as a sample and its mobile phase was relatively similar. Chlorophyllide a, chlorophyll c1, trans-isomer fucoxanthin, cis-isomers fucoxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin, fucoxanthol, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a’, phaeophytin a, phaeophytin a’ and β-carotene were pigments found in almost of brown seaweeds. The content of fucoxanthin was determined according to a line equation of the fucoxanthin standard curve between the peak area of fucoxanthin and the concentration of fucoxanthin standard. P. australis has a highest of fucoxanthin content than that of the other brown seaweeds, which is 0.6368 mg/g wet weight. This result is caused by the deeper growth place of P. australis. Therefore, P. australis has leaf-like thallus which can be used for efficient light harvesting process. Key words: brown seaweeds, pigment composition, fucoxanthin content, HPLC

Screening of Antibacterial MDR derived from Sponge Associated Fungus of Riung Water, Nusa Tenggara Timur Khoeruddin Wittriansyah; Agus Trianto; Sekar Widyaningsih; Ocky Karna Radjasa; Rudhi Pribadi
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 21, No 4 (2016): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Marine sponge-associated fungi are the sources of bioactive compounds with various pharmacologicals potency. This study aimed to isolate the sponge-associated fungi as the producer of the MDR anti-bacterial compounds. The associated fungi were isolated from the sponges collected from Riung water, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Five of the best isolates were cultured on MEA to obtain the methanolic extract for further studies. The antagonistic test was conducted using overlay method towards the MDR Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. A total of 33 fungi were isolated from 19 sponge specimens. The antagonistic test showed that 19 isolates were active against both S. aureus and E. coli, and 13 of them were merely active against one of the bacteria. However, only five isolates have strong activity against one or both of the bacteria. The KN-15-3 had the strongest activity against S. aureus (18.75±0.777mm) and E. coli (15.10±0.141mm) at the concentration of 400 μg.disc-1 so it can be developed further as a source of drug candicate. Keywords: Fungi symbiont, Sponges, MDR Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.

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