Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
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<![CDATA[Potential of Soil Bacteria as Mercury Bioremediation Agent in Traditional Gold Mining ]]>
<![CDATA[Winardi, Winardi]]>;
<![CDATA[Haryono, Eko]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudrajat, Sudrajat]]>;
<![CDATA[Soetarto, Endang Sutariningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.16688
<![CDATA[Mandor Village has developed as a tradisional gold mining area since years ago. It involved activities that have led to extreme land condition and the release of mining residues, i.e., mercury, to the soils. The study examined the potential of soil bacteria as mercury bioremediation agent based on their population and activity in former mines with different ages. The bacterial population was measured by isolating soil bacteria on solid media using the pour plate method, and the colonies were enumerated during the incubation. The Nutrient Agar (NA) medium was used to obtain the total population, whereas the Salt Base Solution (SBS) was to determine the presence of mercury-tolerant bacteria. The addition of HgCl2 affected the number of the colonies. The colony only grew until the concentration of HgCl2 reached 5 mg/l, and the total colony was larger in older mines. The observation of bacterial activity showed that biotransformation performance was lower when the concentration of mercury was the same as its natural presence in soils (0.1-0.5 mg/l) compared with higher mercury level (1 mg/l). The research showed that lower mercury concentrations in nature reduced the natural ability of bacteria to transform pollutants. This study provides information that can assist the development of a technological approach to control mercury pollution in former traditional gold mines in an environmentally friendly manner using indigenous soil bacteria.]]>
<![CDATA[The Cytotoxic and Apoptosis Effects of Chloroform Extracts of Auricularia auricula on Cervical Cancer Cells ]]>
<![CDATA[Hikam, Arif Rahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Ekowati, Nuraeni]]>;
<![CDATA[Hernayanti, Hernayanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.15492
<![CDATA[Auricularia auricula is an edible mushroom cultivated in Indonesia that has been known to have potential properties of bioactive compounds than can be used for medicinal purpose. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxic and apoptosis effect of chloroform extract of A. auricula on cervical cancer cells in vitro. The research design was in vitro experimental research. Cytotoxic tests was using an MTT [3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyl tertrazolium bromide] assay and apoptosis test was using double staining method. Test of bioactive compounds was carried out using GCMS. Cytotoxic effect were analyzed by linear regression and apoptosis test was analyzed descriptively. Chloroform extract of mycelium A. auricula showed the best results with IC50 = 264.87 µg/ml. An important finding obtained after the double staining process was that chloroform extract of A. auricula can induce HeLa cells death by apoptosis. GCMS test results showed that the extracts containing limonene and piperidinone which are the anticancer bioactive compounds. In conclusion, the chloroform extracts of A. auricula has the potential to inhibit the growth of cervical cancer cells. The benefit of this study are expected to provide information about the anticancer potential of extract of A. auricula against cervical cancer cells, thus contributing to the development of alternative anticancer treatments from natural product.]]>
<![CDATA[Cryopreservation of Aceh Cattle Semen with Date (Phoenix dactylifera) Extract Supplementation ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwitya, Yonadiah]]>;
<![CDATA[Eriani, Kartini]]>;
<![CDATA[Saputra, Hendra]]>;
<![CDATA[Al-Azhar, Al-Azhar]]>;
<![CDATA[Rizal, Muhammad]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.18033
<![CDATA[Cryopreservation process could affect spermatozoa quality during from reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in cellular metabolism and the environment. Spermatozoa damage caused by ROS during cryopreservation can be reduced with the addition of natural antioxidant which commonly found in fruits like date palm. This research was done to investigate the influence of date extract on semen quality after cryopreservation. This experimental study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 6 replications. Semen collected from two aceh cattle bulls was diluted in tris egg yolk extender contained different concentrations (v/v) of date extract: 0% (P0, control), 0.75% (P1), 1% (P2), and 1.25% (P3) before cryopreserved at -196 ºC for 7 days. Semen quality prior to and after cryopreservation as well as sperm DNA integrity were determined by standard microscopic and laddering methods, respectively. The results showed that the addition of 1% date extract could maintain viability (68.67%), plasma membrane integrity (62.33%), and abnormality (18.58%) of aceh cattle spermatozoa, but unable to maintain its motility above 40%. There was no DNA fragmentation observed in both treated and fresh semen. This is the first study investigates the influence of supplementation of date palm extract on preserved aceh cattle spermatozoa diluted in egg yolk tris based extender.]]>
<![CDATA[Pre-Release Assessment for Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in The Javan Gibbon Center, Mount Gede Pangrango National Park ]]>
<![CDATA[Ario, Anton]]>;
<![CDATA[Kartono, Agus Priyono]]>;
<![CDATA[Prasetyo, Lilik Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Supriatna, Jatna]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.14670
<![CDATA[Preparation for gibbons before being released into their habitat is crucial. Thus, there is a need for readiness assessment of Javan gibbon with several criteria derived from other species of gibbons to determine individual readiness. Pre-release assessment study for Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) had been conducted in January – February 2014, November – December 2014, and March-April 2016 in the Javan Gibbon Center, Mount Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The objective of this research was to assess the readiness of Javan gibbon behavior prior to release. Data collection was conducted by focal animal sampling method with 5-minute interval recording time and ad libitum method. The average time allocations of Javan Gibbon activities were as follow: feeding (18.17±3.34%); moving (22.34±0.53%); resting (46.24±3.84%); socializing (10.13±4.33%); sexual activity (0.59±0.58%); and vocalizing (2.54±0.88%). The similarities of activity allocation from this study compared by wild Javan gibbons data found as follows: feeding by 33.03%, moving by 90.97%, resting by 61.52%, socializing by 38.09%, vocalizing by 75.02%, and sexual by 44.24%. Based on readiness assessment of 11 Javan gibbons, 3 individuals were considered almost ready for release, while 8 individuals were considered ready. The assessment of behaviors criteria for the readiness of Javan gibbons before release has not existed before. The results of this research are important as a recommendation for the management of wildlife rehabilitation and as a guideline in implementing the rehabilitation and reintroduction program of Javan gibbons.]]>
<![CDATA[Phytochemicals Screening and Antioxidant Effectiveness of Garlic (Allium sativum) from Timor Island ]]>
<![CDATA[Priska, Melania]]>;
<![CDATA[Peni, Natalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Carvallo, Ludovicus]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.17313
<![CDATA[The people of Timor Island only know garlic as a kitchen spice. This research provides new knowledge of the benefits of garlic in the health sector, especially as an inhibitor of free radical that can trigger various degenerative diseases. The aims of this research were to identify secondary metabolites contained in the ethanolic extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) from Timor Island and to determine its effectiveness in inhibiting free radicals. The method used to test secondary metabolites was phytochemical screening using color reagents. Testing the effectiveness of free radical inhibitors from garlic ethanol extract from Timor Island was carried out in 2 stages: 1.) Determination of DPPH maximum wavelength (λ) and 2.) Measurement of antioxidant activity using DPPH method. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of garlic from Timor Island contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids. It was also very effective in inhibiting free radicals, with the acquisition of IC50 values <50 ppm which was equal to 9.729 ppm. This research gives some information that can be used for the pharmacological ingredients, i.e. as a natural medicine that safe for the body to be consumed by the people of Timor Island. Moreover that also can impact on demand of garlic in the market. This has a very positive impact on improving the economy of garlic farmers on Timor Island.]]>
<![CDATA[Protein Profile of Tissue Culture of TRI2025 Tea Clone ]]>
<![CDATA[Eskundari, Ratna Dewi]]>;
<![CDATA[Taryono, Taryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Indradewa, Didik]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwestri, Yekti Asih]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.17522
<![CDATA[Tea is well known as favourite healthy drink for almost all people over the world. Tea propagation using conventional and modern ways are now developing rapidly. However, information regarding the protein profile of tissue culture of tea plant has not been revealed yet. This study aimed to determine the difference of protein profile of tea’s tissue culture using SDS-PAGE. This study was conducted using embryonic axes of TRI2025 tea clone cultured on MS media supplemented with 2,4-D for inducing somatic embryogenesis and globular-like structure (GLS) regeneration, and MS media supplemented with BAP for inducing shoot via organogenesis. The results revealed that proteins in the size of 37.69; 54.89; 60.77; 71.35; 87.34; and 92.99 KDa might be involved at somatic embryogenesis, and about 38.69 KDa, 69.27 KDa, and 55.76 KDa respectively for GLS, initiation of shoot, and initiation of GLS derived leaf. Predicted key protein for leaf initiation both directly or through GLS was about 31-33 KDa, while for callusing were about 27.56 and 52.73 KDa, and constitutive protein was about 22.75 KDa. This study provides the first report of protein profile of tea’s tissue culture. The information obtained can be beneficial as a marker for explant for somatic embryogenesis, GLS, or organogenesis pathway and as a scientific information for further biotechnology development.]]>
<![CDATA[Morphological Diversity of Local Sorghum Cultivar (Sorghum bicolor) of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Tnunay, Ite Morina Yostianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Chikmawati, Tatik]]>;
<![CDATA[Miftahudin, Miftahudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.15199
<![CDATA[Sorghum has great potential to be developed in marginal lands of Indonesia including East Nusa Tenggara. However, the information about sorghum diversity in this area was very limited. This research aimed to describe morphological variation, and assessing the value of genetic diversity based on morphological characters of local sorghum cultivar of East Nusa Tenggara. The exploration and sample collection were conducted in 3 islands, i.e.: Timor, Sumba, and Flores. The observation of morphological characters was based on sorghum descriptor. Morphological character similarities were analyzed using Simple Matching (SM) coefficient, and a dendrogram was constructed using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) method. The results showed that 36 accessions of sorghum in East Nusa Tenggara varied in 17 morphological characters. At the similarity coefficients of 48%, all sorghum accessions were separated into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of aleurone layer. Group I consisted of 12 accessions with no aleurone layer, while group II consisted of 24 accessions has aleurone layer. The genetic diversity of sorghum of East Nusa Tenggara is low (I=0.62–0.71 and h=0.37-0.42). The genetic diversity between populations (HT=0.4203) is higher than within populations (HS=0.3961). This study provides the first complete information about sorghum diversity in East Nusa Tenggara that will be useful as basic information for sorghum development in this area in the future.]]>
<![CDATA[Selection of Tempoyak Lactic Acid Bacteria As Candidate Strain for Yoghurt Starter Culture ]]>
<![CDATA[Rahayu, Hanum Mukti]]>;
<![CDATA[Qurbaniah, Mahwar]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.16769
<![CDATA[Selection of bacteria in yoghurt fermentation is important to produce yoghurt with good quality. Tempoyak lactic acid bacteria is potential to be yoghurt starter culture becouse tempoyak fermentation has similarities in producing lactic acid such as yoghurt. This study aimed to isolate and identify the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from tempoyak which will be used as a yoghurt starter culture. The methods used in this study included isolation and selection of acid-producing bacteria, lactase and protease activity test, identification of morphology and biochemistry as well as testing the quality of the yoghurt. The results of the study obtained 32 isolates of the LAB with the same characteristic colony, include the round shape, cream-coloured with convex elevation and, smooth surface and entire edge. Selection of acid-producing bacteria obtained 12 isolates with the ability to produce clear zones on MRSA + CaCO3 media ≥ 0.7 cm. Selection of lactase-producing LAB obtained six strains and the protease test obtained two superior strains. Two superior strains namely Tp 12 and Tp 28 have characteristics of coccus, gram-positive, negative catalase, non-endospore and non-motile forms. The organoleptic and several quality tests showed yoghurt using Tp 12 as starter has higher acceptability, the highest levels of lactic acid and lactose levels with values respectively 4.25, 0.84% and 24.53%. This study obtained the LAB strain which can be used as yoghurt starter culture. Tp 12 strain can be used to improve the quality of yoghurt and become a commercial starter that can be applied to various fermented products.]]>
<![CDATA[Inventory of Medicinal Plants for Pregnant and Postpartum Women in Dayak Tomun of The Lopus Village Lamandau Regency of Central Kalimantan ]]>
<![CDATA[Santoso, Eka Andy]]>;
<![CDATA[Jumari, Jumari]]>;
<![CDATA[Utami, Sri]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.17917
<![CDATA[Dayak Tomun is a traditional society living in the Lamandau Regency of Central Borneo. The Dayak society Tomun has local wisdom in the treatment and care of pregnant women and the brithing process utilizies medicinal plants. The traditional medicines were passed down from the ancestors of the Dayak. The purpose of the research was to discover, assess, and inventory medicinal plant used in the treatment and care of pregnant and postpartum women by the Dayak Tomun. The method used was a semi-structured interview and direct participatory observation of six key informants professional activities in the treatment of Dayak Tomun in the Lopus Villages. As many as 17 species of medicinal plants with 14 families. Found of these 23.53% were of member of the family Zingiberaceae. Traditional herbal treatment of pregnant and postpartum by Dayak Tomun societies many are formulated by using part of the leaves (52%), boiled (37.50%) and consumed with a drink (28%). Treatment and care of pregnant and postpartum women in Dayak Tomun should be applied and preserved so that local knowledge of Dayak Tomun society in the Lopus Villages is not lost to the next generation. The research provided information to the society about the utilization of plants used in treatment for women.]]>
<![CDATA[Antioxidant Effect of Chlorella vulgaris on Physiological Response of Rat Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride ]]>
<![CDATA[Hernayanti, Hernayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Sorta Basar Ida]]>
<![CDATA[ Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.16393
<![CDATA[Chlorella vulgaris is an algae with high nutrition content. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a hepatotoxic chemical.The aims of this study were to determine the effect of C. vulgaris extract on the physiological response of liver such as MDA, SOD and GPx activity on rat after induced by CCl4 exposure as well as to determine the effective dose of C. vulgaris extract as antioxidant that can neutralize CCl4 exposure. This research was conducted experimentally with Completely Randomized Design that consists of 6 treatment and 5 times repetition. The doses of C. vulgaris extract used were 3, 4, and 5 mg per /100 g of rat’sbody weight (BW).The administration of C. vulgaris extract was performed within 30 days, while the CCl4 (0.25 ml/100 g BW) was administered orally on the day 9, 12, 16, 19, 23, and 26. Parameters measured were levels of MDA, SOD and GPx of rat blood serum.The results showed that the administration of C. vulgaris extract can inhibit lipid peroxidation indicated by decrease in MDA activities and oxidative stress by increasing SOD and GPx activity. In conclusion, 5 mg/100 g BW of C.vulgaris extract is an effective dose to be uses as endogenous antioxidant to protect the liver cell from damage caused by CCl4exposure. The benefit of C. vulgaris as a supplement for antihepatotoxin in humans.]]>
