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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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KETERTARIKAN LALAT BUAH BACTROCERA PADA EKSTRAK OLAHAN LIMBAH KAKAO BERPENGAWET Dyah Rini Indriyanti; Niken Subekti; Latifah -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2272

Abstract

Lalat buah Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) merupakan salah satu hama pen ting menyerang tanaman buah-buahan dan sayuran. B. carambolae di laboratorium tertarik pada olahan limbah kakao. Hasil uji coba di lapangan belum memuaskan karena olahan limbah kakao mudah rusak. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji respon lalat buah Bactrocera yang diberi umpan ekstrak olahan limbah kakao berpenga wet. Pengawet yang digunakan yakni: Natrium klorida (NaCl), Natrium benzoat (C7H5NaO2) dan Potasium sorbat (C6H7KO2). Konsentrasi yang dipakai masing-masing pengawet 0,1%; 0,2% dan 0,3%. Pengamatan dilakukan selama satu ming gu. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa daya tahan limbah yang diberi penga wet dan yang tidak dilihat secara secara fisik (warna dan tekstur) tidak berbeda nyata, namun ada perbedaan bau. Limbah yang tidak diberi pengawet ada kecen derungan baunya tidak sedap dibanding yang diberi pengawet. Hal ini yang mempengaruhi ketertarikan lalat terhadap olahan limbah kakao. Respon ketertarikan lalat Bactrocera terhadap olahan limbah kakao yang diberi pengawet berbeda antara satu dengan yang lain. Respon ketertarikan tertinggi Bactrocera cenderung pada olahan limbah kakao yang diberi pengawet Natrium klorida 0,3%, Potasium sorbat 0,2% dan Natrium benzoat 0,1%.The fruit fly Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the important pests attacking crops of fruits and vegetables. In the laboratory, B. carambolae was attracted by the processed cocoa waste. The results of field trials have not been satisfactory yet, because the processed cocoa waste was easily damaged. The purpose of the study wast to examine the response of Bactrocera to the bait made of processed cocoa extract waste containing preservatives. The preservatives used were: Sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium benzoate (C7H5NaO2) and potassium sorbate (C6H7KO2). The concentration of each preservative was 0.1%; 0.2% and 0.3%. A one-week observation was made. The result showed that there was no significant difference on the durability of the preserved waste and the non-preserved waste. This can be seen from the physical properties (color and texture). However, there was difference in odor. The non-preserved waste tended to produce unpleasant smell than the preserved waste. This odor affected the capability to attract the flies to the processed cocoa waste. The Bactrocera was highly responsive to the waste containing preservative 0.3% sodium chloride, followed by 0.2% potassium sorbate and 0.1% sodium benzoate.
The Effect of Biofertilizer on The Diversity of N2O Reducing Bacteria in Paddy Fields of Sukabumi, Indonesia Alfan Cahyadi; Iman Rusmana; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.9796

Abstract

Some of the methanotrophic bacteria and N2O reducing bacteria have been proven to be able to support the plant growth and increase the productivity of paddy. However effect of the methanotrophic and N2O reducing bacteria application as a biofertilizer to indigenous N2O reducing bacteria is still not well known yet. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of N2O reducing bacteria in lowland paddy soil based on a nosZ gene. Soil samples were taken from lowland paddy soils in Pelabuhan Ratu Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. There were two treatments for the paddy field soil, ie. biofertilizer-treated field 20% fertilizer (50 kg/ha) with the addition of biofertilizer and 100% fertilizer. PCR amplification of nosZ gene was successfully conducted using nosZF and nosZR primer pair. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) process was conducted at 150 V for 5.5h. There were three differences nosZ bands were sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis showed that they were close to uncultured bacteria. Microbial diversity in the biofertilizer-treated field was higher than that of in the 100% fertilizer-treated field. The biofertilizer treatment has higher in microbial diversity than that of applied non-biofertilizer paddy fields. This research might have impact in the application of biofertilizers due to the emission of N2O as a green house gas from paddy fields farming activity. The biofertilizer has great potential application in sustainable environmental friendly agriculture systems.
Growth Pattern and Copper Accumulation in Callus of Datura metel Yulita Nurchayati; Santosa Santosa; Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho; Ari Indrianto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.5177

Abstract

This experiment was aimed to evaluate the copper accumulation using callus culture of Datura metel L. The culture was established from leaves onto MS contained NAA 2.5 mg/L and Kinetin 0.5 mg/L as the control. The exposure of the culture was carried out by 2 copper compounds as treatment, i.e. CuCl2.2H2O and Na2CuEDTA at level concentration 0.; 0.1; 5; 10; 15; and 20 µM. The growth pattern of callus in control showed increasing growth rate in 36 days, whereas exponential stage was reached at 12-20th doi*. Whilst, after 10 doi, the treatment showed constant growth pattern. The absorption rate of the culture was increased by the addition of the CuCl2.2H2O at 5 – 15 µM of level concentration but declined at 20µM. The maximum rate of accumulation of Cu (0,1519 mg g-1) was obtained at 15 µM. Instead, the addition of Na2CuEDTA at 5 – 20µM of level concentration showed the significant increment while the maximum accumulation was obtained at 20µM (0,1420 mg g-1). The existence of chelator in copper compound reduced the rate of toxicity while all tolerance index values were between 66,24 and 97,28 %.The results suggested the role of callus of D. metel as  that fairly absorbed and accumulated Cu2+. Exposure with CuCl2.2H2O indicated higher accumulation than Na2CuEDTA.How to CiteNurchayati, Y., Santosa, S., Nugroho, L. H., Indrianto, A. (2016). Growth Pattern and Copper Accumulation in Callus of Datura metel. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(2), 135-140. 
Antioxidant Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Turmeric Flowers Eris Septiana; Yadi Yadi; Partomuan Simanjuntak
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.24396

Abstract

Antioxidants are compounds needed by the body to fight free radicals that can cause adverse effects on health. All parts of turmeric plant have antioxidant activity, so does the flower. It is thought that the endophytic fungi from turmeric flowers also have antioxidant activity and no studies have reported it yet. The purpose of this study was to study the antioxidant activity of single and mixed cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from turmeric flowers. In vitro antioxidant activity assay was conducted using the DDPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method by measuring its absorption using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 517 nm. The extract of single and mixed cultures of endophytic fungi isolated from turmeric flowers showed antioxidant activity. The combination of fungal cultures can increase the antioxidant activity of a single culture. This study is the first to report that the combination of endophytic fungi from turmeric flowers can increase its antioxidant activity. Therefore, the presence of the endophytic fungi in turmeric flowers that have antioxidant activity can provide additional information so that the utilization of turmeric flowers as a source of natural antioxidants will increase.
Cryopreservation of Aceh Cattle Semen with Date (Phoenix dactylifera) Extract Supplementation Yonadiah Dwitya; Kartini Eriani; Hendra Saputra; Al-Azhar Al-Azhar; Muhammad Rizal
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.18033

Abstract

Cryopreservation process could affect spermatozoa quality during from reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in cellular metabolism and the environment. Spermatozoa damage caused by ROS during cryopreservation can be reduced with the addition of natural antioxidant which commonly found in fruits like date palm. This research was done to investigate the influence of date extract on semen quality after cryopreservation. This experimental study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 6 replications. Semen collected from two aceh cattle bulls was diluted in tris egg yolk extender contained different concentrations (v/v) of date extract: 0% (P0, control), 0.75% (P1), 1% (P2), and 1.25% (P3) before cryopreserved at -196 ºC for 7 days. Semen quality prior to and after cryopreservation as well as sperm DNA integrity were determined by standard microscopic and laddering methods, respectively. The results showed that the addition of 1% date extract could maintain viability (68.67%), plasma membrane integrity (62.33%), and abnormality (18.58%) of aceh cattle spermatozoa, but unable to maintain its motility above 40%. There was no DNA fragmentation observed in both treated and fresh semen. This is the first study investigates the influence of supplementation of date palm extract on preserved aceh cattle spermatozoa diluted in egg yolk tris based extender.
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Daemonorops draco Resin Wulan Tri Wahyuni; Sri Purwanti; Irmanida Batubara
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.13554

Abstract

Daemonorops draco has been reported for its antibacterial activity and empirically used for wound healing by Anak Dalam ethnic at Jambi Province, Sumatera-Indonesia. This study was performed to evaluate antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of D. draco resin collected from Jambi. D. draco resin was extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. Antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated using agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Eschericia coli, whereas the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacteriacidal concentration (MBC) was determined by microdilution method. In addition, antibiofilm activity was evaluated by violet crystal method. The result showed that extraction yield of ethyl acetate was higher than methanol and n-hexane. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of D. draco exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity against S. aureus compare to n-hexane extract. MIC and MBC of methanol extract and chromatographic fraction (F5.1) of ethyl acetate extract were 0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, antibiofilm assay revealed that all extracts were inhibit initial attachment of bacteria cell in biofilm formation. This result revealed a novel information that  D. draco extracts was potential as inhibitor of biofilm formation. TLC bioautography of D. draco extracts indicated that constituent with Rf of 0.71 performed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. This finding expected to strengthen the scientific backup for utilization of D. draco by society.
Utilization of Quercetin Flavonoid Compounds in Red Onion (Allium cepa L.) as Inhibitor of Spike Sars-CoV-2 Protein against ACE2 Receptors Syifa Zahara Kultsum Azmi; Sunarno Sunarno; Sinta Aulia Rahmah; Melisa Andriani; Azlya Reza Lailul Farobi; Luke Nur Ahlina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.32027

Abstract

The world is facing the challenge of the COVID-19 disease, which is now stated as a pandemic. Inside the host cell, spike envelope protein (spike) of SARS-CoV-2 interact with the Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. It can be inhibited by bioactive compounds such as flavonoids which have anti-viral and broad pharmacological effect. This study aimed to determine the spike protein inhibitory activity by quercetin against the ACE2 receptor using the molecular docking method. This study focused on the inhibitory of the penetration activity of s proteins in ACE2 by utilizing natural material compounds that have the potential to be used as anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development agents. The flavonoid compound quercetin was extracted by the maceration method. The quantitative analysis was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to prove the presence of quercetin content. Molecular docking simulations were carried out to look for the binding affinity between the spike protein and quercetin. Docking was carried out using the Autodock, PyRx, and visualization using Discovery Studio. Indicators that prove that quercetin forms binding affinity and protein complexes with spikes are the Vina Score and RMSD. It is also supported by ADME analysis and conformity to Lipinski's rules of five. That matter becomes a success indicator of the spike activity inhibition by quercetin, which makes it possible to be used as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug development agent. The novelty from this study is molecular docking method that used to show that quercetin in red onion had inhibitory activity on the penetration process of protein spike in SARS-CoV-2. Results obtained from this study can be used as a recommendation for advanced research in invitro and invivo studies as a drug which has potential to inhibit protein spike of SARS-CoV-2.
Potensi Trichoderma harzianum sebagai Biofungisida pada Tanaman Tomat ( Trichoderma harzianum Potency as a Biofungicide on Tomato Plant ) Lina Herlina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.35

Abstract

Fusarium disease of tomato plant is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. For gaining high quality and stable tomato production but physically construction, natural management of environment balancing, consistency, and stability is a must. A kind effort that should be tried is using natural agent, Trichoderma. This research aims to know the effect of Trichoderma implementation towards Fusarium oxysporum growth, and Tomato fruit production and vitamin content. There are two steps of this research. The first is seeing Trichoderma perform towards Fusarium oxysporum growth in a variation of incubation periode (7, 14. 21 and 28 days). The second, is giving Trichoderma agent on the tomato planting in some dozez (g), such as 0,10,20,30,40 and 50. The parameter are Fusarium oxysporum growth limits area, fruit weight per plant, and fruit vitamin C content. The research shows that Trichoderma giving are effecting Fusarium oxysporum growth, tomato fruit weight and fruit vitamin C content in a significance way. The highest level of vitamin C content (84,78 mg/matterial) and fruit weight (550 g) is gained on Trichoderma implementation which has incubation day of 21 (19.08 % ) and dozez of 40 grams.   Keywords : biofungisida,Trichoderma, Fusarium oxysporum , tomat
Identification of Heading Date Six (Hd6) Gene Derived from Rice Mutant Varieties Aryanti Aryanti; Ita Dwimahyani; Ishak Ishak
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.9210

Abstract

Genes which were associated with flowering time to indicate the early maturity is known as heading date (Hd). Heading date six (Hd6) gene was identified from rice mutant varieties were Atomita 2, Atomita 3, Atomita 4, Bestari, Cilosari, Diah Suci, Sidenuk, Kahayan, Mayang, Meraoke, Mira-1, Pandan Putri, Superwin, Suluttan Unsrat 1, Suluttan Unsrat 2, Winongo, Woyla, Yuwono, while the rice var. Nipponbare was used as a positive control. All of rice mutant varieties derived from mutation induction by the dose of 0.2 kGy. The aim of this experiment was to find out the data base of mutant varieties which could be used as parent material with earlier maturity trait genetically. To obtain the DNA of plants, young leaves of each variety were extracted by liquid nitrogen, and then lysis and extracted by Kit Plant Genomic DNA. The amplification of DNA with 7 primers of Hd6 conducted of 40 cycles by PCR and were continues to separated by 1 % agarose. The results were shown that the rice Mira-1 and Bestari varieties obtained from mutation of Cisantana highly different from one to another on 7 primers of Hd6 used. Mayang variety from mutation of cross breeding between Cilosari and IR64, Pandan putri from Pandan wangi and Woyla from mutation of cross breeding from Atomita 2 and IR64 were highly different with those of their parents. Identification of Hd6 gene on Sidenuk variety was shown the same bands pattern with Nipponbare as control positive toward all primers used, this variety would be better for earlier maturity parent material compared to others. The information could be useful for breeding programs aiming to develop early maturing widely adaptive and high yielding rice cultivars.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Virus Avian Influenza Subtipe H5N1 pada Unggas di Pasar Tradisional Semarang Farikhul Ulum; R. Susanti; Siti Harnina Bintari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i2.3914

Abstract

Meningkatnya kasus infeksi virus Avian Influenza (AI) subtipe H5N1 atau lebih dikenal dengan flu burung yang menyebabkan kematian pada manusia sangat dikhawatirkan dapat menular dari manusia ke manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat virus Avian Influenza subtipe H5N1 pada unggas yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional di Semarang. Sebanyak 55 sampel usap kloaka diambil dari unggas sehat dan belum divaksin di 6 pasar tradisional Kota Semarang. Inokulum ditumbuhkan pada telur ayam berembrio specific pathogen free (TAB-SPF) umur sembilan hari. Kemudian telur diinkubasikan selama 4 hari. Cairan alantois dipanen dan diuji kemampuannya mengaglutinasi sel darah merah. Cairan alantois yang menunjukkan aktivitas hemaglutinasi, selanjutnya diekstraksi RNA-nya dan diidentifikasi VAI subtipe H5N1 dengan metode Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) menggunakan primer spesifik H5 dan primer N1. Kemudian DNA hasil RT-PCR dianalisis dengan teknik elektroforesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 isolat positif VAI subtipe H5N1 dengan sebaran 2 isolat dari sampel yang berasal dari pasar Mangkang, 1 isolat dari pasar Rejomulyo dan 1 isolat dari pasar Karimata. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa unggas yang diperjualbelikan di pasar tradisional di Kota Semarang ada yang terinfeksi VAI subtipe H5N1.The increasing cases of viral infection of Avian Influenza (AI) H5N1 subtype or more commonly known as bird flu that causes death in humans very feared to spread from human to human. The aim of this research was to obtain isolates of Avian Influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 that marketable in traditional markets in Semarang. A total of 55 cloacal swab samples taken from healthy and unvaccinated fowl in the 6 traditional market in Semarang. Inoculum was grown in embryonated chicken eggs specific pathogen free (SPF TAB) nine days. Then the eggs were incubated for 4 days. Allantoic fluids were harvested and tested for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells. Allantoic fluid that showed hemagglutination activity, further their RNA was extracted and AIV subtype H5N1 identified with Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method using specific primers primary H5 and N1. Then the results of RT - PCR were analyzed by electrophoresis technique. The results showed that there are 4 positive isolates with the distribution of the H5N1 subtype AIV 2 isolates samples derived from market Mangkang, 1 isolate from market Rejomulyo and 1 isolate from market Karimata. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the fowl that marketable in traditional markets in Semarang there were AIV infected with subtype H5N1.

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