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INDONESIA
KAPAL Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 18298370     EISSN : 23019069     DOI : 10.14710/kapal.
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
Jurnal ini merupakan Jurnal Ilmiah untuk mengembangkan ilmu dibidang Ilmu Pengetahuan & Teknologi Kelautan. Jurnal ini diterbitkan oleh Teknik Perkapalan Universitas Diponegoro 3 (tiga) kali dalam 1 tahun pada bulan Februari, Juni dan Oktober.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June" : 7 Documents clear
Ship Propeller Design using Open-Source Codes based on Lifting Line Theory Sugianto, Erik; Permadi, Niki Veranda Agil; Hasan, Ahmad Darori
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i1.72927

Abstract

The design of a ship's propeller is very important as it directly affects the fuel efficiency, speed, and stability of the ship. Commonly, propellers are designed using expensive commercial software. This research aims to design a ship propeller using open-source code based on lifting line theory and using MATLAB application. The ship data used is a container ship with a length of 397 meters and a width of 56 meters. The propeller design results were propeller performance such as design performance, induced velocity, inflow angle, expanded blade, blade thickness, lift coefficient, performance curve, 2-D and 3-D outlines. A qualitative and quantitative comparison was conducted between a real-world manufactured propeller, a redesigned propeller developed using open-source software (OpenProp), and a commercial design tool (PropCAD). The comparison reveals that while the overall geometry and blade shape of all three propellers are similar, consisting of 6 blades with comparable radial profiles, key differences emerge in the expanded area ratio (EAR), skew angle, and surface modeling quality. The OpenProp design features an EAR of 1.0876 and a high skew angle of 39.9°, indicating an emphasis on hydrodynamic efficiency and cavitation mitigation. In contrast, the PropCAD model presents a slightly lower EAR of 1.077 with a more moderate skew angle of 20.5°, offering a balanced compromise between performance and manufacturability. This distinction highlights a potential optimization opportunity and demonstrates the capability of the open-source design approach to approximate real-world propeller characteristics with high fidelity, while also offering flexibility for further refinement. In summary, the findings suggest that the open-source design approach can approximate real-world propeller characteristics with high fidelity and provide flexibility for iterative optimization.
Utilizing ANP for a Comprehensive Risk Assessment and Mitigation Prioritization of Lithium Battery Energy Storage Systems (LBESS) on Commissioning Service Operation Vessels (CSOV) Setiawan, Deri; Siswantoro, Nurhadi; Pitana, Trika
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i2.72849

Abstract

Integrating Lithium Battery Energy Storage Systems (LBESS) into offshore Commissioning Service Operation Vessels (CSOV) poses significant safety concerns, including fire, explosion, and toxic gas release. The expanding offshore wind industry increases demand for CSOVs equipped with energy storage, making robust risk management essential. This study addresses the critical need to understand and manage LBESS hazards on CSOVs, given the absence of comprehensive international regulations and inherent lithium battery risks like thermal runaway. This study utilizes Risk Assessment data and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) to analyze these hazards and identify optimal mitigation strategies. The research systematically identified six distinct hazards, eighteen main causes, and twenty specific sub-causes through hazard identification (HAZID). A purposive sampling method selected seven qualified practitioners with at least three years of experience in BESS security and risk assessment on CSOVs, including ship construction supervision. Data was collected via a questionnaire using pairwise comparisons and the Saaty scale, processed with Super Decisions software, and combined using Geomean calculations. The ANP analysis shows safety is the top priority for LBESS implementation (63.6%), significantly exceeding environmental (16.3%) and operational (10.2%) factors. Within safety, explosion (39.0%) and fire (25.9%) are the most prevalent hazards, with thermal runaway and battery electrolyte decomposition being key contributors to LBESS failure. For mitigation, the analysis highlights Battery Physical Design and Protection (31.5%), Battery Monitoring and Control Systems (27.9%), and Operational Procedures and Training (15.4%) as crucial. Prioritizing safety is essential for LBESS deployment on CSOVs, with explosion and fire being the most severe threats, and robust engineering and operational protocols are critical mitigation strategies.
Optimization of Safety and Reliability of Electrical Systems of Tourist Ships in Labuan Bajo through FMEA Nugraha, I Made Aditya; Desnanjaya, I Gusti Made Ngurah; Pramana, Putu Indra
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i2.69260

Abstract

This study aims to optimize the safety and reliability of the electrical systems on tourist ships in Labuan Bajo through Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). The analysis identified key electrical components, including the battery and energy storage system, electric generator, charging system, and cables and connectors, as having high Risk Priority Numbers (RPNs). These components, if they fail, could significantly impact ship operations and passenger safety. The study emphasizes the importance of regular maintenance and early detection to prevent system failures and highlights critical areas, such as backup energy storage and power distribution, that require more attention. Despite having lower RPNs, components like the ship's lighting system and ventilation system still require maintenance to ensure smooth operation and passenger comfort. Additionally, the research revealed that proper load management of the electric generator is essential for extending its lifespan. It is recommended to limit the generator load to 60-86% of its maximum capacity to reduce the risk of overheating and enhance operational efficiency. By implementing these preventive measures, ship operators can enhance the reliability and safety of the electrical systems, leading to a safer and more comfortable experience for tourists while minimizing disruptions to operations. Overall, the findings show that FMEA is a valuable tool for optimizing the electrical systems of tourist ships, ensuring they operate with maximum efficiency and minimum risk.
Techno-economic Study of Recycled Plastic Waste Boards (RPB) as Sustainable Shell Construction Material for Fishing Vessels in Indonesia Supomo, Heri; Baihaqi, Imam; Safaruddin, Abdul Rahman; Supomo, Wikaranosa
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i2.68193

Abstract

The extreme increase in plastic waste over the past few decades has significantly impacted environmental challenges, especially in marine ecosystems. Despite numerous attempts, the use of recycled plastic waste remains restricted to specific applications. This paper experimentally investigates the potential of using Recycled Plastic-Waste Boards (RPB) as a shell hull construction material for fishing vessels in Indonesia. The study technically investigated the performance of RPB works compared to regular materials like wood and fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) for fishing vessels in terms of mechanical properties, and it's cost-effective. The RPB was made from mixed plastic waste, which was collected, chopped into small pieces, and then heated using a special design heating pot which then poured into special mold. The RPB was then mechanically tested using the ASTM D638 standard for tensile strength and the ASTM D790 standard for flexural strength. The results indicate that the RPB’s tensile and flexural strength are 9.4 MPa and 17.22 MPa, respectively, which meets the required mechanical strength standards for marine applications. In addition, the economic analysis shows that using RPB material can lower the construction costs of a 4-GT-sized boat shell hull by 57.79% and 17.09% compared with wood and FRP materials. Based on technical and economic views, the RPB materials have potential as alternative materials for boat shell construction and are more economical. These findings suggest that RPB provides a sustainable alternative to conventional materials and promotes the development of a circular economy within Indonesia's fishing sector. Overall, this research highlights the potential of RPB to contribute to both environmental sustainability and economic feasibility in the construction of small fishing vessels.
Effect of Pitch Distribution on The Propeller Efficiency and Cavitation of Offshore Patrol Vessels 98 Meter Risnawan, Novan; Setyanto, Taufiq Arif; Gani, Erzi Agson; Indiaryanto, Mahendra; Adietya, Berlian Arswendo
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i2.68808

Abstract

This paper discusses the effect of pitch distribution on the propeller of a high-speed vessel (Offshore Patrol Vessel) on propeller efficiency and cavitation on the propeller blade surface. A propeller model design with five blades featuring symmetric blade contours and ogival-shaped foil, tested through open water tests in a towing tank, is used as the research object. Three variations of pitch distribution based on PropCAD recommendations: original pitch, 80% hub pitch distribution, and high-thrust pitch distribution, are used as parameters to calculate propeller efficiency using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The cavitation phenomena occurring on the propeller blades under each pitch distribution condition are analysed using the Burrill method (Burrill Diagram). Based on CFD analysis, it was found that the propeller with the highest propeller efficiency, η, is obtained from the high-thrust pitch distribution (0.6072), compared to the original pitch distribution (0.5902) and the 80% hub pitch distribution (0.5651). Cavitation occurs in all three pitch variations because the thrust loading coefficient values (τc) for the original pitch distribution (0.1286), 80% hub pitch distribution (0.1183), and high-thrust pitch distribution (0.1293) are higher than the cavitation threshold from the Burrill diagram (τ'c = 0.0783).
Domestic Container Shipping Market Profile: A Case Study of Indonesia Achmadi, Tri; Baqi, Izzuddin
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i2.72477

Abstract

Given Indonesia's status as the world's largest archipelagic nation, the shipping industry is a crucial contributor to its economy. However, the Indonesian Ship Owners Association (INSA) has reported an oversupply in the nation's commercial shipping sector. This study aimed to identify the equilibrium between supply and demand within Indonesia's container shipping market. The analysis focused on nine key container shipping liner routes and employed several methodologies, including regression, relational, supply and demand curve, market equilibrium, market structure, and voyage calculation analyses. The data for this research was sourced from Ship Arrival and Departure Report Data (LK3) and generic simulation data from business professionals. The findings indicate that the demand curve for containers is inelastic, with a value of 0.31. This suggests that cargo owners are compelled to accept the freight rates set by shipping companies. In contrast, the supply capacity curve is elastic, valued at 3.16, demonstrating that shipping companies have the flexibility to adjust their supply capacity. For instance, on the Surabaya-Makassar route, the demand and supply curves intersect at an equilibrium point of 99 million TEUs.Nm and a price of IDR 2.16 million per TEU. Conversely, on the Jakarta-Surabaya route, the demand curve does not intersect the supply curve, indicating an oversupply. To rectify this market imbalance, the supply curve would need to shift to the left, reducing the supply capacity by 258 thousand TEUs to reach equilibrium.
A Comparative Analysis of the Stability of Open-Deck River Boats Using Righting Moment and GM0 Based Criteria Hasanudin, Hasanudin; Saputra, Aditya Dwi; Yulianto, Ardi Nugroho; Sujantoko, Sujantoko
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i2.70447

Abstract

The Musi River is an important transportation route in Indonesia, where traditional boats such as Jukungs and Keteks are widely used. Both are open-deck vessels, making stability a crucial factor for safety and operability. This study analyses and compares the stability of a Jukung and a Ketek in order to provide insights for safer traditional boat design. The methodology involves calculating the stability moment (MGZ) at a given heel angle and the heeling moment (MKR) due to turning and passenger distribution, based on Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia (BKI) and the GM₀ value specified by International Maritime Organization (IMO). Numerical simulations based on hull geometry are also applied for a more detailed assessment. Although similar in size, the Jukung has greater displacement owing to its flat U-shaped hull extending from top to bottom. Reducing passenger loads lowers the centre of gravity and increases the height of the righting lever. Both boats satisfy stability criteria across loading cases; however, the Jukung consistently demonstrates higher MGZ values, which increases further as the load decreases. Findings show that both vessels remain stable with MGZ exceeding MKR. The Jukung maintains a positive GM₀ under all loading conditions, whereas the Ketek fails to meet stability requirements at higher loads but is acceptable at reduced passenger levels. Overall, the Jukung proves more stable and safer, with its hull form providing a larger righting lever and greater safety margin than the Ketek. This highlights the critical role of hull design in ensuring traditional boat safety along the Musi River.

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