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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 25277332     EISSN : 26140020     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2" : 10 Documents clear
Antibacterial Activity of Polygonum pulchrum Blume Ethanol Extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Sadino, Asman; Sahidin, Idin; Wahyuni, Wahyuni
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.919 KB)

Abstract

The emergence of resistant bacteria strain has become a global health concern. It encourages the exploration of potential antibacterial agents, particularly from natural sources. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of root, stems, leaves, and flowers of Polygonum pulchrum Blume against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, through disc diffusion method using cup-plate method. Inhibition zone against S. aureus from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers ethanol extract were 3.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.25 mm, and 2.62 mm, respectively, while the inhibition zone against E. coli were 2.25 mm, 2.12 mm, 1.62 mm, and 1.75 mm, respectively. In conclusion, ethanol extract of root, stem, leaves, and flower of P. pulchrum Bl possessed weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli.Keywords: P. pulchrum Bl, antibacterial, E. coli, S. aureus, cup-plate technique
Hypoglicemia Risk Factors on Hospitalized Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Jayanti, Meilani; Lestari, Keri; Abdulah, Rizky
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (434.595 KB)

Abstract

Hypoglycemia is one of the most important complications of diabetes treatment and it becomes an obstacle in hypoglycemia medication. Besides, hypoglycemia can cause nerve damage and impaired cognitive function so that it influences the patients mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. Recognition of hypoglycemia risk factors, blood glucose monitoring, selection of appropriate regimens and educational programs for healthcare professionals and patients with diabetes are the major issues to maintain good glycemic control, minimize the risk of hypoglycemia, and prevent long-term complications. This research employs retrospective method and the design of the research is case control.  The sample of this research is 72 patients with type 2 diabetes which is divided into two groups.  The first group is case and It consists of 23 patients (31,9%) getting hypoglycemia. Then, the second group is control and it consists of 49 patients (68,1%). In the second group the 49 patients do not get hypoglycemia and they do not receive any hypoglycemia medication in the hospital. The Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that there is a significant different between the variables reduction in food intake (p 0,011) and lower laboratory result of HbA1C (p 0,003) on the incidence of hypoglycemic, where the variable reduction in food intake has the strong relationship with most major hypoglycemic (OR 9,329). On the other hand, other variables such as the use of antidiabetic drugs, diabetes duration, age, comorbidities and polypharmacy showed no significant association with hypoglycemic events. Thus, the hypoglycemic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving antidiabetic therapy due to reduction in food intake and lower laboratory results of HbA1C. Patients with reduction in food intake at risk of hypoglycemic events nine times greater than patients with normal food intake. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, food intake, HbA1C
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Cucumis melo L. and Assessment of Its Antimicrobial Properties Haryani, Yuli; Nabella, Iswatun; Yuharmen, Yuharmen; Kartika, Ganis F.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (838.497 KB)

Abstract

Over the past decade, the use of biological agents such as plants, cyanobacteria, bacteria, and fungi for synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Cucumis melo L. peel extract and its nanoparticles formulation against Eschericia coli. The nanoparticles were made using silver nitrate with the ratio between C. melo L. extract and silver nitrate aqueous solution (1 mM) were 1:10 and 1:15. The formation of silver nanoparticles was observed after microwaved for 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 seconds by visible spectrophotometry analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid and terpenoid within the extract. However, the characteristic of surface plasmon resonance band, which occurs in the range of 410-500 nm were not found in the nanoparticle extract, even though the reaction time was extended to 330s. Antibacterial activity against E. coli of the extract and its nanoparticle formulations was determined using Resazurin microtiter assay and compared to Amoxsan® as positive control. The highest E. coli inhibition was exhibited by the nanoparticles (79.8739±0.3859), followed by the extract (65.2821±0.9949). The nanoparticles and the extract have potent antibacterial activity compared to positive control (84.5519 ± 0.2544). In conclusion, the antibacterial activity of the C. melo L. silver nanoparticles formulation was better than its extract.Keywords: Cucumis melo, silver nanoparticles, UV-Vis spectra
Antilithiatic Activity of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Leaves Ethanol Extract on White Mice (Mus musculus) Patala, Recky; Ibrahim, Nurlina; Khumaidi, Akhmad
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (26.711 KB)

Abstract

Nephrolithiasis refers to the formation of urinary calculi in the kidney and urogenital tract. It is associated with impairment of renal function. The leaves of Averrhoa bilimbi L are used empirically to treat abdominal pain, rheumatism, and to reduce kidney disorders symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify antilithiatic activity of ethanol extract of A. bilimbi L. leaves by determining the kidney weight changes and calcium levels in kidney extract of mice using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at 422.7 nm. A total of 18 male mice were included and classified into 5 groups, i.e., positive control, negative control, and extract at 16.6; 25; and 33 mg/kg BW.  Result showed that the calcium levels of the A. bilimbi L. extract groups were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). The most effective dose was 16.6 mg/kg BW. In conclusion, the leaves ethanol extract of A. bilimbi L. possessed antilithiatic activity.Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi L., antilithiatic activity, calcium levels, kidney stones, renal impairment
Performance Evaluation of Four Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Reagents Yuzaqi, Peppi Z.; Halimah, Eli; Noviani, Tatat
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (409.634 KB)

Abstract

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) is a hematological examination to identify hemostatic abnormalities. This study aimed to compare the performance evaluation of four APTT reagents, i.e., CK Prest, Pathromtin SL, Actin SL, and Cephascreen. The methods used were photo optical, percent detection, and viscosity-based detection system (VDS). The analysis was performed on blood specimen of 43 subjects. The results indicated that the accuracy and precision in normal plasma control using C. K. Prest reagent in Coag-A-Mate® MTX II were d% -0.605 and CV% 2.252%, Pathromtin SL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% 6.9345 and CV%1.687, Actin FSL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% -1.51 and CV% 1.74, and Cephascreeen reagent in STA Compact® were d% 10.81 and CV% 1.60. The accuracy and precision in pathological plasma control using Pathromtin SL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% -1,11 and CV% 8.82, Cephascreen reagent in STA Compact® were d% 4.64 and CV% 2.72. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Pathromtin SL reagent was 0.880 with the regresion equation y=2.31x–33.70. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Actin FSL reagent was 0.986 with the regretion equation y=0.78x+2.93. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Cephascreen reagent was 0.987 with the regretion equation y=1.70x–3.97. In conclusion, the best precision was obtained from Cephascreen reagents in STA compact®devices for both normal and pathologic control plasma, with eligible accuracy.Keywords : Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Photo-optical, Viscosity-based Detection System (VDS)
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Cucumis melo L. and Assessment of Its Antimicrobial Properties Yuli Haryani; Iswatun Nabella; Yuharmen Yuharmen; Ganis F. Kartika
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (838.497 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v3i2.18109

Abstract

Over the past decade, the use of biological agents such as plants, cyanobacteria, bacteria, and fungi for synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Cucumis melo L. peel extract and its nanoparticles formulation against Eschericia coli. The nanoparticles were made using silver nitrate with the ratio between C. melo L. extract and silver nitrate aqueous solution (1 mM) were 1:10 and 1:15. The formation of silver nanoparticles was observed after microwaved for 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 seconds by visible spectrophotometry analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid and terpenoid within the extract. However, the characteristic of surface plasmon resonance band, which occurs in the range of 410-500 nm were not found in the nanoparticle extract, even though the reaction time was extended to 330s. Antibacterial activity against E. coli of the extract and its nanoparticle formulations was determined using Resazurin microtiter assay and compared to Amoxsan® as positive control. The highest E. coli inhibition was exhibited by the nanoparticles (79.8739±0.3859), followed by the extract (65.2821±0.9949). The nanoparticles and the extract have potent antibacterial activity compared to positive control (84.5519 ± 0.2544). In conclusion, the antibacterial activity of the C. melo L. silver nanoparticles formulation was better than its extract.Keywords: Cucumis melo, silver nanoparticles, UV-Vis spectra
Performance Evaluation of Four Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Reagents Peppi Z. Yuzaqi; Eli Halimah; Tatat Noviani
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (409.634 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v3i2.18103

Abstract

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) is a hematological examination to identify hemostatic abnormalities. This study aimed to compare the performance evaluation of four APTT reagents, i.e., CK Prest, Pathromtin SL, Actin SL, and Cephascreen. The methods used were photo optical, percent detection, and viscosity-based detection system (VDS). The analysis was performed on blood specimen of 43 subjects. The results indicated that the accuracy and precision in normal plasma control using C. K. Prest reagent in Coag-A-Mate® MTX II were d% -0.605 and CV% 2.252%, Pathromtin SL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% 6.9345 and CV%1.687, Actin FSL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% -1.51 and CV% 1.74, and Cephascreeen reagent in STA Compact® were d% 10.81 and CV% 1.60. The accuracy and precision in pathological plasma control using Pathromtin SL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% -1,11 and CV% 8.82, Cephascreen reagent in STA Compact® were d% 4.64 and CV% 2.72. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Pathromtin SL reagent was 0.880 with the regresion equation y=2.31x–33.70. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Actin FSL reagent was 0.986 with the regretion equation y=0.78x+2.93. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Cephascreen reagent was 0.987 with the regretion equation y=1.70x–3.97. In conclusion, the best precision was obtained from Cephascreen reagents in STA compact®devices for both normal and pathologic control plasma, with eligible accuracy.Keywords : Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Photo-optical, Viscosity-based Detection System (VDS)
Antibacterial Activity of Polygonum pulchrum Blume Ethanol Extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Asman Sadino; Idin Sahidin; Wahyuni Wahyuni
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.919 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v3i2.18097

Abstract

The emergence of resistant bacteria strain has become a global health concern. It encourages the exploration of potential antibacterial agents, particularly from natural sources. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of root, stems, leaves, and flowers of Polygonum pulchrum Blume against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, through disc diffusion method using cup-plate method. Inhibition zone against S. aureus from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers ethanol extract were 3.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.25 mm, and 2.62 mm, respectively, while the inhibition zone against E. coli were 2.25 mm, 2.12 mm, 1.62 mm, and 1.75 mm, respectively. In conclusion, ethanol extract of root, stem, leaves, and flower of P. pulchrum Bl possessed weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli.Keywords: P. pulchrum Bl, antibacterial, E. coli, S. aureus, cup-plate technique
Hypoglicemia Risk Factors on Hospitalized Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Meilani Jayanti; Keri Lestari; Rizky Abdulah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (434.595 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v3i2.16453

Abstract

Hypoglycemia is one of the most important complications of diabetes treatment and it becomes an obstacle in hypoglycemia medication. Besides, hypoglycemia can cause nerve damage and impaired cognitive function so that it influences the patients mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. Recognition of hypoglycemia risk factors, blood glucose monitoring, selection of appropriate regimens and educational programs for healthcare professionals and patients with diabetes are the major issues to maintain good glycemic control, minimize the risk of hypoglycemia, and prevent long-term complications. This research employs retrospective method and the design of the research is case control.  The sample of this research is 72 patients with type 2 diabetes which is divided into two groups.  The first group is case and It consists of 23 patients (31,9%) getting hypoglycemia. Then, the second group is control and it consists of 49 patients (68,1%). In the second group the 49 patients do not get hypoglycemia and they do not receive any hypoglycemia medication in the hospital. The Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that there is a significant different between the variables reduction in food intake (p 0,011) and lower laboratory result of HbA1C (p 0,003) on the incidence of hypoglycemic, where the variable reduction in food intake has the strong relationship with most major hypoglycemic (OR 9,329). On the other hand, other variables such as the use of antidiabetic drugs, diabetes duration, age, comorbidities and polypharmacy showed no significant association with hypoglycemic events. Thus, the hypoglycemic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving antidiabetic therapy due to reduction in food intake and lower laboratory results of HbA1C. Patients with reduction in food intake at risk of hypoglycemic events nine times greater than patients with normal food intake. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, food intake, HbA1C
Identification of Endophytic Bacterial Isolated from Oil Palm Plants with Anti-Fungal Acitvity against Ganoderma boninense Irma Mardiah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (843.277 KB) | DOI: 10.15416/pcpr.v3i2.20005

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria is an excellent candidates for the biological control of pathogenic fungi in plantations. The objectives of this study were to isolate and examine anti-fungal activity of endophytic bacteria from oil palm plantations in South Kalimantan against Ganoderma boninense. This research was performed in three phases, i.e., isolation, selection, and assessment of endophytic bacteria isolates against Ganoderma boninense. A total of 126 colonies of endophytic bacteria were isolated. The result of the anti-fungal activity test with dual culture method demostrated that BKA 10 isolate had the largest inhibition zone (62.22%). Molecular identification by DNA analysis using 16S rRNA primers showed that BKA 10 is most closely related to Bacillus cereus. In conclusion, isolate with the best anti-fungal acitivity against Ganoderma boninense has the closest kinship with Bacillus cereus. Keywords: antifungal, dual culture, Bacillus cereus.

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