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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 320 Documents
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Inducing Drought Stress Tolerance during Germination by Micronutrient Seed Priming and Coating of Maize (Zea mays L.) Ikasari, Yulfa Astuti; Suhartanto, M. Rahmad; Ilyas, Satriyas
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.492-505

Abstract

Drought is a significant abiotic stress that affects the germination of many crops, including maize. Improvement in seed quality and tolerance to drought stress can be induced through seed priming and coating. This research aimed to study the effect of priming and coating on maize seed germination under drought conditions. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement and four replications. The main plot was drought stress level: control, and 10% PEG. The subplot was seed enhancement treatments, which consisted of untreated, hydropriming, osmopriming, priming with 6 mM Si, 0.075 mM Se + 10 mM Zn, 6 mM Si + 0.075 Se + 10 mM Zn, 0.8 mM melatonin, seed coating 1% NaAlg, P9: seed coating + 0.732 g Si.kg-1 seed, P10: seed coating + 0.014 g Se + 2.875 g Zn.kg-1 seed, P11: seed coating + 0.732 g Si + 0.014 g Se + 2.875 g Zn.kg-1 seed, and P12: seed coating + 0.186 g melatonin.kg-1 seed. The result showed that seed priming 0.075 mM Se + 10 mM Zn, priming 6 mM Si + 0.075 mM Se + 10 mM Zn, and seed coating + 0.732 g Si + 0.014 g Se + 2.875 g Zn.kg-1 seed improved maize seed germination under drought stress based on germination percentage, speed of germination, root dry weight, seedling dry weight, and seedling growth rate. Seed priming or coating with micronutrients such as silicon, selenium, and zinc could serve as an effective treatment to enhance germination of maize under drought conditions.
Improvement of Soil Properties through Farmyard Manure and Lime for Barley Productivity in Acidic Hot Spot Areas of Ethiopia Addis, Zelalem; Amare, Tadele; Keribih, Betewlegn; Getaneh, Desaleign; Ambaw, Zimie; Awoke, Abrham; Tenaegn, Abere
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.516-524

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to enhance barley productivity and improve soil properties in acid hotspots areas by applying farmyard manure and varying lime rates in the northwestern Amhara region, Ethiopia. The experiment comprised the combination of three levels of farmyard manure (0, 2, and 4 t.ha-1) and four levels of lime (0, 25, 50, and 100%) with one plot containing 92% N from urea and 69% P2O5 from TSP which was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on soil physico-chemical properties and yield components of barley were collected and subjected to ANOVA. The individual application of farmyard manure and lime had a significant impact on the yield components of barley. Similarly, soil properties changed slightly under the treatments compared to the soil before planting. Sole application of 4 t.ha-1 farmyard manure and 100% lime ( 8.8 t.ha-1) gives the highest grain and above-ground biomass yield (1.7 and 3.5 t.ha-1) and (1.6 and 3.1 t.ha-1), respectively, than the control and the pilot treatments. Similarly, the application of sole 4 t.ha-1 scored the highest plant height (72.9 cm) compared to the control and pilot treatments. To achieve the highest net benefit within a short period, applying 4 t.ha-1 and 25% (2.2 t.ha-1) can be preferable for yield improvement in the study area and similar agro-ecological environments.
Evaluation of Biomass Yield and Nutritional Composition of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Varieties Grown in Lowland Areas of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia Asres, Abito; Tiruneh, Solomon
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.548-558

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the best performing soybean varieties for biomass yield, chemical composition, haulm and seed yield, and other agronomic characteristics under rain-fed conditions in the lowland areas of Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia. The experiment took place at three locations: Jari, Chefa, and Sirinka. A randomized complete block design with three replications was employed. Twelve released soybean varieties “Afgat”, “Belesa-95”, “Boshe”, “Cheri”, “Dhidhessa”, “Gishama”, “Gizo”, “Korme”, “Pawe-03”, “Katta”, “Wegayen”, and “Wollo” served as treatments. Seeds were sown with a spacing of 40 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. Each plot measured 3.2 m × 4 m, with 0.5 m and 1 m separating plots and blocks, respectively. Combined analyses across Jari and Sirinka indicated that the varieties “Afgat”, “Gishama”, “Gizo”, “Pawe-03”, “Wegayen”, and “Wollo” produced higher dry matter yields than others. “Gishama”, “Gizo”, “Pawe-03”, and “Wegayen” also had superior haulm yields. For seed yield, “Pawe-03”, “Gizo”, “Afgat”, “Gishama”, “Wollo”, and “Wegayen” outperformed the other varieties. Notably, the “Wollo” variety exhibited the highest protein content at both Jari and Sirinka. Based on these results, “Afgat”, “Pawe-03”, and “Wollo” are recommended for cultivation in the Jari, Chefa, and Sirinka zones. These varieties demonstrate strong potential for delivering high dry matter, haulm, and seed yields, as well as providing a valuable protein supplement for ruminants. Further research is recommended to investigate their optimal application in livestock feeding systems.
Morphological Responses and Productivity of Indigofera (Indigofera zollingeriana) with Varied Fertilization in Limestone Post-mining Land Harwanto, Harwanto; Karti, Panca Dewi Manu Hara; Suwardi, Suwardi; Abdullah, Luki
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.525-535

Abstract

Indigofera is a protein-rich plant source for ruminants, with potential for introduction to marginal lands, such as limestone post-mining areas, through integration with reclamation activities. This study aims to determine the response of varying levels of organic fertilizer and NPK on the morphology and productivity of Indigofera zollingeriana introduced to limestone post-mining. The study employed a randomized block design with a 3 × 4 factorial pattern and four replications. The first factor was organic fertilizer at the rates of 0, 5, and 10 tons.ha-1, and the second factor was NPK, 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg.ha-1. Indigofera was planted in a 3 x 4 m2 plot with a 1 m planting distance and harvested four times. The results showed that the combination of organic fertilizer with NPK affected (p<0.05) the morphology, biomass production, and nutrient profile. The combination of 10 tons.ha-1 of organic fertilizer and 100 kg.ha-1 NPK optimally produced plant with up to 217.64 cm height, 18.28 tons.ha-1 fresh production per harvest, 4.96 tons.ha-1 dry matter per harvest, 28.78% crude protein, and 72.47% total digestible nutrient. Biomass production decreased in the dry season (third harvest). Conclusively, the combination of 10 tons.ha-1 organic fertilizer and 100 kg.ha-1 NPK produced Indigofera plants with optimum plant height, biomass production, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients. Indigofera plants can be utilized as revegetation plants and as a source of green fodder on limestone post-mining land.
Growth Dynamics of Young Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Plants under Drought Stress in Potted Condition Rumaisha, Azizah; Susanto, Slamet; Tirtawinata, Mohamad Reza
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.506-515

Abstract

Drought stress significantly influences plant metabolic processes, including overall vegetative growth and the transition from the vegetative to the generative phase. Under changing environmental conditions, plants adapt through specific mechanisms to survive unfavorable circumstances, including a reduction in the juvenile phase. This study aimed to examine the effects of drought stress on the growth dynamics of young avocado plants. The experiment consisted of three treatment levels: routine watering as the control (P1), drought stress for 8 weeks (P2), and drought stress for 16 weeks (P3). The 8 week drought stress did not significantly reduce the number of leaves or increase the number of vegetative buds; however, one plant produced flowers at week 33. The drought stress for 16 weeks (P3) significantly reduced the number of leaves but did not affect branch length. Instead, it increased the number of vegetative buds per branch at 16 and 24 weeks after treatment (WAT). Drought stressed plants exhibited a compensatory growth mechanism following rewatering, as demonstrated by an increase in the number of leaves and vegetative buds at 24 WAT.
Analysis of the Morphology and Secondary Metabolite Content of Several Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) Accessions Hakiki, Firdha Annisa; Masruroh, Qibtiyatul; Kartika, Juang Gema; Susila, Anas Dinurrohman; Kyoung, Cheong Min; Rahmah, Yulia
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.639-646

Abstract

Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) is a species valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties, as well as its potential applications in food, herbal medicine, livestock feed, and cosmetics. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological diversity and secondary metabolite profiles of four katuk accessions. Two analyses were conducted: (1) morphological characterization using cluster analysis and (2) qualitative and quantitative assessment of secondary metabolites. Cluster analysis revealed that all accessions showed high similarity with the “Paris”, an accession widely grown in West Java, Indonesia (similarity coefficient = 1.00), and moderate similarity with accessions “K1”, “K2”, “K4”, “Bastar”, and “Zanzibar” (distance coefficient = 0.68). Metabolite profiling indicated variations in compound abundance among accessions. “Ciaruteun Ilir 1” exhibited the highest vitamin E content; “Ciaruteun Ilir 2” had the highest fatty acid and phenolic content; “Pager Jangkung 1” accumulated the most flavonoids, while “Pager Jangkung 2” contained the most terpenoids and carboxylic acids. The leaves of katuk accessions in this study contains 14-17% squalene; this is an important finding for the pharmaceutical and health industries.
Mycorrhizae and Biofertilizers Applications Stimulate Pineapple Growth in Acidic Soil Fitriyani, Indri Hapsari; Santosa, Dwi Andreas; Hazrah, Fahrizal; Nurfadila, Uci; Falih, Fairuz Annabil
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.683-694

Abstract

Pineapple is a leading commodity worldwide and can grow in a variety of mineral and organic soils. Excessive use of inorganic fertilizers has a detrimental impact on soil and crop health. Biofertilizers contain beneficial microorganisms that can enhance soil fertility, improve soil health, and promote sustainable crop production. This study aimed to investigate the crucial role of biofertilizers and mycorrhizae in promoting the vegetative growth of pineapple in acidic soils. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with nine treatment levels and five replications. The results showed that the mycorrhizae applied at 5 g per plant, combined with full doses of chemical fertilizer (0.5 g ZA, 2 g DAP, and 2 g KCl per plant), produced the highest mycorrhizal colonization in treatment P4. Meanwhile, Provibio® biofertilizer at 5 mL per plant (diluted in 0.5 L water), mycorrhizae at 2.5 g per plant, and half doses of chemical fertilizer (0.25 g ZA, 1 g DAP, and 1 g KCl per plant (P8), improved vegetative growth and soil properties (pH, organic C, and total N) and supported the highest microbial population in the rhizosphere (26.05 × 10⁴ CFU.g-1 soil). This study demonstrated that the combined application of biofertilizers and mycorrhizae in moderate doses is more effective than full single-dose applications, leading to healthier soils and stronger vegetative growth of pineapple in acidic soils.
Effect of Pullulan Derived from Micrococcus luteus on Preserving Selected Properties of Sunflower Oil Chalop, Karam Kh; Mousa , Ebtisam F.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.672-682

Abstract

This study evaluates the efficacy of pullulan, a bacterial polysaccharide extracted from a local Micrococcus luteus isolate, in preserving the oxidative stability of unrefined sunflower oil. Using peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid value (TBA) as metrics. Five treatments were compared against a traditional antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and a control. Results demonstrated that the use of 800 ppm pullulan significantly inhibited oxidative degradation of the unrefined sunflower oil, particularly at 20°C storage. Peroxide values for 800 ppm pullulan (1.91 mEq.kg-1 at 20°C; 2.88 mEq.kg-1 at 50°C) were slightly higher than BHT (1.82 and 1.99 mEq.kg-1) but markedly lower than the control (4.49 and 3.59 mEq.kg-1). Thiobarbituric acid values for 800 ppm pullulan (0.38 mg MDA.kg-1 (malondialdehyde) at 2°C at day 40, and at 50°C at day 30, were marginally lower than BHT (0.43 and 0.47 mg MDA.kg-1) and significantly reduced versus the control (0.51 and 1.42 mg MDA.kg-1), respectively.
Transforming Tropical Crops: Postharvest Processing and Enterprise Viability of MaCoMa Coffee Blend in Davao Oriental, Philippines Leal, Imelda; Ramos, Lovelyn M.; Ma-ata, Mar Fe S.; Micutuan, Catherine; Pieza, Jelian; Gutana, Katrina B.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.584-593

Abstract

This study explored the development of a novel, non-caffeinated coffee alternative using underutilized tropical crops: marang seeds (Artocarpus odoratissimus), corn (Zea mays), and malunggay (Moringa oleifera) leaves. These crops are abundant in tropical regions, such as Banaybanay, Davao Oriental, Philippines, yet remain largely untapped for value-added food products. Marang, a seasonal fruit native to the Philippines, yields seeds rich in protein, fats, and carbohydrates, which are often discarded as waste. Corn, widely cultivated in the region, contributes dietary fiber and antioxidants, while malunggay leaves are celebrated for their dense micronutrient content, including iron, calcium, and vitamins A and C. The MaCoMa (Marang + Corn + Malunggay) coffee blend was formulated through strategic post-harvest processing techniques, including roasting, drying, and blending, to enhance flavor, preserve nutrients, and extend shelf life. The research evaluated both scientific parameters, such as nutritional profiling and sensory attributes (appearance, aroma, taste, and texture), as well as business viability factors, including consumer acceptability and financial metrics. A sensory evaluation conducted with 200 respondents revealed high levels of acceptability, particularly in terms of aroma and taste. Economic analysis indicated a Return on Investment (ROI) of 7.84%, a net profit margin of 6.86%, and a payback period of 1.5 years, evidence of strong enterprise potential. A SWOT analysis highlighted key strengths, including local availability, nutritional benefits, affordability, and sustainability, while also noting challenges such as limited market awareness and shelf-life constraints. This project demonstrates the potential of transforming tropical crops into market ready products that support community-based enterprises. The MaCoMa coffee blend offers a healthier alternative to conventional coffee, promotes agricultural innovation, reduces postharvest waste, and creates livelihood opportunities. Continued research into flavor variants, shelf-life stabilization, and regional marketing is recommended to scale its impact across tropical agricultural communities.
Chili Yields, Nutrient Use, and Water Use Efficiency under Precision Fertigation at Different Plant Density and Drip Irrigation Lines Susila, Anas Dinurrohman; Suketi, Ketty; Purnamawati, Heni; Rusdan, Risna
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.594-603

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation line number and plant density on the growth and yield of curly red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. Tangguh. The study was conducted from August 2023 to January 2024 at the Cikarawang Experimental Station of IPB University (6°32’56” S; 106°43’54” E; 240 m above sea level) on Ultisol characterized by severely low phosphorus (1.1 ppm) and high potassium content (66 ppm). A split-plot design within a randomized complete block design was employed, with irrigation line number (single or double drip lines per bed) as the main plot and four planting densities (26,666, 53,322, 80,000, and 106,666 plants.ha-1) as subplots. Each treatment was replicated three times, resulting in 24 plots (each 1.5 m × 10 m). Fertilizers applied included Urea (45% N), SP-36 (36% P2O5 ), cattle manure, dolomite, biofertilizers (Trichoderma spp.), and PGPR. Irrigation and fertigation were managed using the Nutrigads automatic drip system. The data collected included plant growth, yield components, nutrient use efficiency, water use efficiency, and partial factor productivity for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The results showed that the irrigation line number had no significant effect on individual plant growth parameters. However, using double lines significantly increased total fruit yield per bed and hectare, indicating its contribution to overall productivity. Conversely, the double line system reduced water use efficiency (WUE = 2.07 kg.mm-1) compared to the single line system (WUE = 3.64 kg.mm-1; P<0.0001). Higher planting densities (up to 106,666 plants.ha-1) enhanced total yield by promoting vertical growth but reduced individual plant performance, and had a positive effect on WUE, NUE, and PUE.

Page 29 of 32 | Total Record : 320

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