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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 315 Documents
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Evaluation of Maize Covered Smut (Ustilago maydis) Management Options in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia Kassaw, Admasie; Desale, Tesfaye; Ayalew, Abebe; Abtie, Abate; Tiruneh, Abiye; Wudu, Eshete
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.388-397

Abstract

Maize, one of the most important cereal crops in the world, faces severe production constraints in Ethiopia due to covered smut disease. Field experiments were conducted at Sirinka and Cheffa during the 2022-2023 cropping seasons to evaluate management practices against maize covered smut. Seven treatments consist of five fungicides, cow urine, hot water, and untreated control, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study found notable variations in disease intensity, maize grain yield, and yield components among the treatments. The application of proceed plus fungicide and the use of cow urine treatments were effective in reducing maize covered smut disease and higher yields of maize compared to other treatments and control plots. The combined analysis indicated that the highest maize grain yield (3120 and 2806 kg.ha-1) was recorded from carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid, and triadimefon fungicide-treated plots, followed by cow urine seed treatment (2649 kg.ha-1), while the lowest (1601 kg.ha-1) was recorded from untreated control plot. The highest net benefit (125310 ETB) was obtained from carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid, followed by Triadimefon (112986.8 ETB) and cow urine (107084.5 ETB) treated plots. Therefore, based on the partial economic analysis result, carboxin + thiram + imidacloprid fungicide and cow urine as a seed treatment are recommended for maize producers.
Foliar Application of Indole-3-Butyric Acid and Gibberellic Acid Alters Growth and Yield of Carrot (Daucus Carota L.) Cv. “Shidur” Afroze, Farjana; Akter, Ayasha; Hossain, Md. Mokter
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.296-302

Abstract

Carrots are a nutritious and well-accepted root crop in Bangladesh, but production is very low at the farmer's field level compared to the other producing countries. Therefore, this study was undertaken to improve the yield of carrots by using different plant growth regulators. To evaluate the influence of the foliar application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) on the growth and yield of carrots, different concentrations viz., 0, 50, 100, 150 ppm of IBA and GA3 were sprayed at the vegetative stage of carrot production. Among all the treatments, 150 ppm GA3 shows better shoot growth with the highest plant height (56.80 cm), number of leaves (10.53), leaf length (56.81 cm), fresh weight of leaves (57.08 g), and dry matter content of leaves (10.95%). Foliar application of 150 ppm IBA significantly increased root traits, including root length (16.20 cm), diameter (3.92 cm), fresh weight per plant (98.45 g), and dry matter content (12.01%). Moreover, gross yield (36.80 tons per ha) and marketable yield (36.21 tons per ha) were the highest when IBA was applied at 150 ppm. Overall results revealed that 150 ppm IBA resulted in better growth and higher yield in carrot cv. “Shidur” compared to other treatments.
Application of Phosphorus and Determination of Heat Units to Increase Productivity and Isoflavone Content of Several Varieties of Edamame Soybeans Manullang, Nadya Inri; Melati, Maya; Ghulamahdi, Munif
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.335-345

Abstract

Edamame is rich in isoflavones, which offer notable health and beauty benefits. Phosphorus influences the biosynthesis of isoflavones in edamame, making this nutrient an important factor in crop management. Edamame soybeans are harvested at the R6 stage, when pods are fully developed yet still green, a timing that is critical for ensuring optimal quality. Harvest maturity is determined using accumulated heat units, a method that calculates the temperature differences at the planting site to assess crop readiness accurately. This study evaluated the effects of phosphorus fertilization and variety on edamame productivity and isoflavone content. The experiment was conducted at the IPB Experimental Station in Bogor, Indonesia (coordinates: -6.548927° S, 106.734462° E), using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was phosphorus fertilizer applied at rates of 0, 18, 36, and 54 kg P₂O₅ per hectare. In contrast, the second factor was edamame variety (“Biomax 1”, “Biomax 2”, and “Detam 2” as a check variety for isoflavone content). The results showed no significant interaction between phosphorus fertilization and variety for several growth parameters, including leaf phosphorus content, leaf number, branch number, relative growth rate, and pod weight per plant. However, significant differences among varieties were observed for leaf number and seed weight per plant. Phosphorus fertilization did not significantly affect branch number or pod weight, but it did influence isoflavone content, with different phosphorus doses increasing genistein accumulation in certain varieties. The study also highlighted the impact of temperature on plant growth, as evidenced by significant differences in accumulated crop heat units (CHU) among the varieties: “Biomax 1” required 2029.50–2050.75 °C days, “Biomax 2” required 2070.20–2132.25°C days, and “Detam 2” required 2218.85–2256.05°C days. The highest isoflavone content was recorded in “Biomax 2” with the application of 36 kg P₂O₅ per hectare. Overall, these findings underscore the complex relationship between soil conditions, nutrient availability, and varietal selection in determining edamame yield and quality. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing edamame production and enhancing its nutritional value.
The Effect of Shade and Harvest Age on Biomass and Patchouli Oil Production in the Lowlands Riti, Dominggus Ngongo; Kurniawati, Ani; Nurcholis, Waras
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.426-436

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of different shade levels and harvest ages on the growth, biomass yield, and essential oil production of the patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) cultivar Sidikalang, cultivated in a lowland environment. The experiment was conducted in Bogor from August 2023 to February 2024, using a nested design with three shade treatments (no shade, 55%, and 75%) and three harvest ages (4, 5, and 6 months). The results indicated that 75% shade significantly enhanced vegetative growth, including plant height, number of secondary branches, and leaf production, suggesting that this level of shading is beneficial for patchouli cultivation in lowland areas. However, these effects were not significantly different from those observed under 55% shade. The highest essential oil yields were obtained from patchouli plants grown under 75% shade and harvested at 4 months, as well as from those grown under full sunlight and harvested at 6 months.
Development of Rapid Viability Test Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper for Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds Mubarak, Farahdina; Suhartanto, Mohamad Rahmad; Widajati, Eny
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.378-387

Abstract

Seed testing is important for determining seed quality. Seed testing must be easy, quick, and accurate. This study aimed to develop a rapid method for assessing peanut seed quality using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper (USAP). USAP is commonly used for detecting human urinary glucose and is currently being developed for evaluating seed quality. Three experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 investigated the most effective seed-cutting size (whole, halved, and seeds cut into six pieces) and soaking periods (0, 3, 6, and 9 hours) based on glucose and protein leakage, as well as specific gravity of the soaking water. The optimal method identified in Experiment 1 was then used to test all five seed lots in USAP Experiment 2, which aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of seed quality testing using the USAP method at various levels of seed viability. Experiment 3 investigated the correlation between USAP test results and other viability and vigor test parameters, including germination percentage, first count germination, speed of germination, and electrical conductivity. The results of experiments indicated that cutting seeds into six pieces and 6 6-hour soaking period was the most optimal. Experiment 3 showed that USAP testing correlated with viability and vigor testing across various peanut varieties. Protein and density testing using USAP were negatively correlated with germination percentage, first count germination, and germination speed parameters, but positively correlated with electrical conductivity. However, glucose leakage was not detectable using USAP.
Exploring Post-Harvest Processing of Tropical Crops: Moringa oleifera and Zea mays as Alternative Ingredients for Gluten-Free Pasta Production Leal, Imelda; Garlit, Grace B.; Ramos, Lovelyn M.; Baldoz, Daniel J.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.327-334

Abstract

This study examines the potential of Moringa oleifera (moringa) and Zea mays (corn), two tropical crops, as alternative ingredients for gluten-free pasta, with a focus on their post-harvest processing to enhance their utility in gluten-free pasta production. Moringa leaves were carefully dried and ground into a fine powder, preserving their nutritional content, and incorporated into the dough. Corn kernels were milled into flour and blended with moringa powder, resulting in a smooth texture and mild flavor. These postharvest processing methods ensure that both crops maintain their nutritional value, offering significant potential as gluten substitutes and improving the overall quality of gluten-free products. Sensory assessments were also performed to evaluate the acceptability of the pasta. Raw and cooked pasta samples were presented to 100 respondents from five barangays in Banaybanay, Davao Oriental, Philippines. Feedback was gathered on sensory characteristics, including taste, flavor, aroma, and appearance, providing valuable data on the market acceptability of these tropical crop-based, gluten-free pasta alternatives. The gluten-free pasta received high mean scores for all sensory attributes, indicating strong consumer acceptance. The product exhibits promising market potential in the gluten-free food sector, boasting exceptional ratings for taste, flavor, smell, color, and appearance, as well as a general acceptability score of 8.53. The findings highlight the importance of postharvest processing in maximizing the nutritional benefits of moringa and corn, showcasing their potential as sustainable, nutritious ingredients for gluten-free pasta. This recommendation is based on the exceptional nutritional value, safety, and ability to leverage the rich potential of tropical crops.
Optimizing Soil Drainage Strategies for Waterlogging Mitigation in Vertisol: Temporal Interventions for Lentil Production in Eastern Amhara Highlands, Ethiopia Taye, Tilahun; Lebay, Muluken; Mohammed, Awol
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.473-481

Abstract

In Ethiopia’s central highlands, lentils are the second most important pulse crop, but their productivity is constrained by waterlogging and a lack of clear recommendations on optimal planting times. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various soil drainage techniques for lentil sowing, determine the optimal planting time for vertisols, and develop environmentally sustainable management strategies for lentil cultivation. Field experiments were conducted during the 2022 and 2023 cropping seasons in the eastern Ethiopian highlands, specifically in the Legehida and Wereilu districts of the Amhara region. The study tested three planting times (July, August, and September) and two land management practices (sowing with drainage on raised beds and sowing on flat beds) arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results showed highly significant differences in both locations. In Legehida, early planting on raised beds increased yield by 1004.78% and biomass by 642.13% compared to late planting. Yields were 1184.67% higher with raised beds than with flat beds or traditional farmer practices, which also showed a 541.86% increase in biomass. Similarly, in Wereilu, early planting on raised beds resulted in a highly significant improvement (p ≤ 0.05) over farmer practices. Therefore, in vertisol areas prone to waterlogging, early sowing of lentils on 120 cm wide raised beds after drainage is an effective strategy to enhance yield and biomass production.
Boosting Soybean Growth: The Role of Soil Moisture Conservation Technique and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Limpopo Province, South Africa Thosago, Setshele Standford; Mokgehle, Ngoakoana Salmina; Molatudi, Raisibe Lucy
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.483-491

Abstract

Low soil fertility and moisture stress are the primary factors affecting soybean productivity. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) and soil moisture conservation techniques on the performance of a promiscuous soybean variety during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons. Two levels of soil moisture conservation techniques (flat and closed ridges) and two levels of VAM (0 and 100 kg.ha-1) were arranged in a split-plot design within a completely randomized block design with four replications. The data collected include growth, physiological, grain yield, and yield attributes of the promiscuous soybean variety. Sole application of soil moisture conservation techniques (SMCT) and VAM showed no significant influence (p>0.05) on the number of leaves, plant height, andnumber of branches of the promiscuous soybean variety. Soil moisture conservation techniques showed significant differences (p<0.05) in pod length. The interaction effect between soil moisture conservation techniques and the application of VAM had a significant impact on plant vigor (0.75), while non-significant variations were observed in the number of branches (5.31), plant height, and the number of leaves (20.81). The interaction effect of soil moisture conservation techniques and VAM was significant (p<0.05) on shelling percentage, while a non-significant difference was observed in grain yield (1382.7 kg.ha-1). Flat planting and nonVAM application had a higher shelling percentage (40.53%). The study demonstrated that flat planting, in combination with VAM, improved plant vigor under moisture-limited conditions. Flat planting can be recommended for soybean production at Syferkuil farm in Limpopo province.
Growth and Yield Response of Superior Rice Varieties under Different Biofertilizer Rates in Lowland Rice Fields Purwanto, Oky Dwi; Nugraha, Dedi; Patriyawaty, Nia Romania; Wardana, I Putu
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.627-638

Abstract

Efforts to increase rice productivity through a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach are using biofertilizers. The biofertilizer contains beneficial microorganisms that play an essential role in promoting plant growth and increasing rice yield. This study aimed to investigate the potential of biofertilizers and evaluate the performance of superior rice varieties by applying several rates of biofertilizers in lowland rice fields for enhancing growth and yield. A split-plot design was laid out using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plot consisted of superior rice varieties, including “Inpari 30”, “Inpari 32”, “Inpari 36”, and “Inpari 42”, while the subplot involved biofertilizer rates of 0, 400, and 800 g.ha-1. The utilization of biofertilizer contributed to the improvement of seedling height and root length. Applying biofertilizer increased plant height, panicle length, the number of grains per panicle, the number of filled grains per panicle, and the percentage of f illed grains, while decreasing the number of unfilled grains per panicle. The application of biofertilizer at a rate of 400 g.ha-1 significantly improved grain yields for “Inpari 30”, “Inpari 32”, and “Inpari 36”. However, “Inpari 42” required a higher biofertilizer rate of 800 g.ha-1 to produce high grain yields. The grain yield of superior rice varieties increased by 10%-21.6% with the application of biofertilizer. The findings of this study may provide recommendations for applying biofertilizers to enhance grain yields of several superior rice varieties in specific lowland rice field agroecosystems.
Morphophysiological Study of Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) Seedlings Against Different Artificial Light Spectra and Intensities Defitrianida, Asyhuriyah Wardah; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Hapsari, Dhika Prita; Matra, Deden Derajat
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 03 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.03.604-614

Abstract

Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) is a tropical fruit species that belongs to the Meliaceae family. Kecapi trees require 5-7 years to produce fruit when grown from seeds, necessitating efforts to accelerate their growth, including through the modification of light. This research aimed to study kecapi’s morphological, physiological, and anatomical responses to light spectra and intensities from light-emitting diodes. The experiment was designed using a two-factor, completely randomized design (CRD), namely LED light spectrum (white and purple) and light intensity (2 and 4 lights). The result showed that morphological and vegetative growth were significantly affected under the high-intensity purple LED treatment. The low-intensity purple LED treatment increased stomatal conductance and chlorophyll-b synthesis. The transpiration rate was highest under the high intensity white LED treatment. Low-intensity white LED treatment only increased the abaxial stomatal aperture. As the intensity increased, it also increased N-Total content but decreased micronutrient levels in the leaves.

Page 28 of 32 | Total Record : 315

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