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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 343 Documents
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The Identification of Potential Stress in Oil Palm Using Sentinel-2A Satellite Imagery Approach and Laboratory Tests Bagus Arfanda; Sudradjat Sudradjat; Supijatno Supijatno; Harry Imantho
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.430-444

Abstract

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a valuable source of vegetable oil for various industries, such as food and cosmetics. Global climate change, driven by global warming, has the potential to shift climate conditions and trigger extreme events, such as prolonged droughts. Extreme climate phenomena will impact plant conditions, causing plants to become stressed. A study was conducted from June 3 to October 31, 2023, at the Oil Palm Education and Research Plantation of IPB University in Jonggol, Bogor, West Java. The study aimed to determine the Palm Oil Stress Index (POSI) to identify stress in oil palm plants. The identification process included analyzing Sentinel-2A satellite images, testing soil water availability, and measuring leaf proline content. The study utilized the Leaf Water Content Index (LWCI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) values as models to determine the POSI from the satellite images. Furthermore, soil physics analysis and proline values from the 17th leaf sample were used to assess the plants’ water availability and stress levels. The satellite images showed signs of potential stress in October; observation blocks in October had a pF value of 4.2 between 14.93%-16.77% compared to the water content, which ranged from 13.79%-15.09% supported by decreased soil water levels and increased proline accumulation occurred in October a value of 0.0382-0.0391 mg/g, compared to June, which is 0.0143-0.0159 mg/g. All areas were healthy from June to August; however, potential stress, as indicated by POSI values, their formulation, and color changes, was present in September and October.
Reducing the Use of Diuron-Active Herbicides Using a Combination of Wood Vinegar from Lignocellulosic Waste in Pineapple Plantations Yosua Pratama Simangunsong; Herdhata Agusta; Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro Djoefrie
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.395-406

Abstract

Pineapple waste, which is rich in lignocellulosic compounds, can be thermally converted into environmentally friendly bioherbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of lignin-derived compounds from lignocellulosic waste as a bioherbicide and to identify an effective formulation for reducing the use of diuron-based herbicides in pineapple plantations. Pyrolysis was conducted at subcritical temperatures, and the resulting wood vinegar was analyzed by GC MS to identify phenolic compounds. Pyrolysis at 250–300 °C produced phenolic compounds accounting for 40.20% of the chromatogram area, while pyrolysis at 400–450 °C produced 49.61%. The efficacy test included several treatments: pyrolysis products from 400–450 °C at 5% and 10%, pyrolysis products from 250 350 °C at 5% and 10%, diuron herbicide at 0.5 g/L, combinations of herbicide with two selected pyrolysis products, and a standard diuron application as the control. The results showed that wood vinegar produced at 400–450 °C and applied at 10% could suppress seed bank germination, with an effectiveness comparable to that of diuron at 0.5 g/L. This wood vinegar formulation was then used in a second efficacy test under pineapple cultivation conditions to assess whether diuron use could be reduced when combined with wood vinegar. The results indicated that combining 70% herbicide with 10% wood vinegar suppressed weed growth to a level similar to the 100% herbicide standard treatment. This study may serve as a reference for reducing the use of synthetic herbicides in pineapple cultivation.
Growth, Physiological, and Yield Responses of ‘Micro-Tom’ and Commercial Tomato Varieties Under High Temperature Conditions Wahyu Muhammad Yuha Lubis; Dhika Prita Hapsari; Roedhy Poerwanto; Deden Derajat Matra
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.301-313

Abstract

Tomato, a nutrient-rich horticultural crop, is widely cultivated and consumed worldwide, with the ‘Micro-Tom’ cultivar commonly used as a model plant for its compact size and rapid life cycle. In tropical regions, rising temperatures caused by climate change intensify heat stress, which disrupts pollen viability and reduces fruit set, thereby limiting tomato productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, physiology, and production responses of 'Micro-Tom' and three commercial tomato varieties 'Bareto' F1, 'Gustavi' F1, 'Tymoti' F1 under high temperature (HT) conditions. The experiment was conducted from March to November 2023 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Field, IPB Bogor, using a randomized complete block design with two factors (temperature and variety) and three replicates. For the HT treatment, plants were placed in a UV-protected plastic house, resulting in a minimum temperature of 18.7 °C and a maximum temperature of 46.2 °C. In contrast, the standard temperature (ST) treatment had a minimum temperature of 17 °C and a maximum temperature of 40.2 °C. The treatments lasted approximately three months, from transplanting to harvest. The standard temperature (ST) treatment outperformed the high-temperature (HT) treatment across all measured parameters, including plant height, leaf number, flower number, chlorophyll content, glucose and fructose levels, and fruit production. Among the varieties, ‘Bareto’ F1 exhibited superior performance across most parameters. Limitations of this study include its implementation in a controlled field setting over a single season. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into heat-tolerant genotypes and the physiological mechanisms that enhance tomato resilience under climate induced stress.
Effects of Pollination Technique on Agronomic and Physicochemical Characteristics of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruits in the Sudan Savannah Region of Nigeria Mustapha Sunusi; Muhammad Sani Isiyaku; Jamilu Halidu; Danmaigoro Olanrewaju
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.419-429

Abstract

Pollination is critical for producing many crops, and both insect- and wind-based pollination systems are increasingly disrupted by bloom asynchrony, weather events, and the high demand for available insect pollinators. Artificial pollination systems can provide yield security even in poor pollination scenarios and have attracted attention over the past decade. In Nigeria, date farmers still practice the oldest and most traditional technique of pollination, where male spikelets are manually inserted into the female inflorescence. This ancestral practice has many setbacks, which led to searching for other means for improving date yield. The present study aims to compare the agronomic and biochemical characteristics of the date ‘Danshuwarin’ cultivar under different pollination methods. Three methods were tested: traditional pollination, pollen dusting, and pollen suspension. The results obtained showed the dusting technique to be the most effective and efficient, followed by conventional methods. In contrast, pollen suspension has the highest number of fruit sets (80.79%) and retention rate (67.42%),  while yield is 5.3% with the lowest parthenocarpic fruits of <2%. The results provide baseline information to uncover different pollination techniques on other Nigerian date palm varieties grown in diverse agroecological zones.
Optimizing Potassium Fertilization for Precision Nutrition: Effects on Growth, Physiology, and Seed Potassium Content of Two Soybean Varieties Ratu Fatkhunnisa; Supijatno Supijatno; Edi Santosa
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.335-349

Abstract

Potassium is an essential macronutrient that supports major physiological processes in plants and strongly influences soybean productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different potassium fertilization levels on plant physiology, yield performance, and seed nutritional composition in two soybean varieties, ‘Dena 1’ and ‘Denasa 1’.The research employed a factorial completely randomized group design with five potassium fertilizer levels (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 kg K2O/ha) and two soybean varieties (‘Dena 1’ and ‘Denasa 1’), with three replications. The results showed that the potassium dose significantly affected plant height and leaf number but did not influence photosynthetic rate or stomatal conductance. The ‘Dena 1’ variety exhibited better growth, greater leaf greenness, and faster generative development than ‘Denasa 1’. The optimal potassium dose of 45 kg/ha improved yield components, resulting in a 30.7% increase in seed weight and a 45.8% increase in the number of filled pods compared with the control. A positive correlation was found between plant potassium content and key physiological traits, such as photosynthesis and transpiration rates. Seed nutrition analysis showed that soybean varieties significantly influenced nitrogen and phosphorus levels at the R7 and R8 stages, whereas the potassium fertilization dose had no significant effect on seed nutrient concentrations. Nutrient levels increased from R6 to R7 before declining at R8, reflecting nutrient redistribution during seed filling. Overall, the results suggest that applying 45 kg K2 O/ha is an effective fertilization rate for enhancing soybean physiological performance and yield, while varietal characteristics remain the primary factor shaping seed nutritional composition.
Enhancing Flowering in Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia L.) 'Vania 1' Using Jakaba Fungi and Coconut Water Anastasia Fara Aireza; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Diny Dinarti
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.350-354

Abstract

Flowering is a crucial phase in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) cultivation, heavily influenced by environmental conditions and cultivation practices. This study investigates the combined effects of Jakaba fungi and coconut water, a natural source of plant hormones, on vanilla flowering. The experiment followed a completely randomized block design with 12 treatment combinations and three replications. Each treatment used two plants, with five untreated controls and five plants treated with farmer standard Jakaba application, for a total of 82 plants. Coconut water was applied at 50, 100, and 150 ml per plant, while Jakaba was used at 150, 200, and 250 ml per plant. The optimal combination—200 ml of Jakaba with 50 ml of coconut water—resulted in the highest flowering and fruiting response. These findings highlight the potential of integrating Jakaba and coconut water to boost vanilla productivity.
Study of Salinity Tolerance in Several Mutant Rice Lines Using Morphophysiological and Biochemical Approaches Nur Hidayah; Didy Sopandie; Azri Kusuma Dewi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.529-543

Abstract

Salinity is a major limitation to rice production. ‘Atomita 2’, a mutation-derived rice variety released in 1983, was originally reported to be salinity-tolerant, but detailed evidence of its tolerance remains limited. This study aimed to identify salinity-tolerant mutant lines of ‘Atomita 2’ and to characterize their morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses in the M4 generation under salt stress. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse through two stages: initial screening of mutant lines under 60 mM NaCl and subsequent evaluation of selected genotypes for morphophysiological and biochemical traits. Screening identified 38 surviving genotypes. Salinity stress reduced plant height, tiller number, 100-grain weight, and grain yield, and decreased photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and SPAD value. In contrast, APX and CAT activities, proline, and MDA increased with NaCl concentration, indicating stress adaptation. ‘Atomita 90’ and ‘Atomita 146’ showed greater tolerance than ‘Atomita 2’ and ‘Pokkali’, as indicated by stress tolerance index values and their physiological and biochemical responses.
Assessing the Effect of Chromolaena odorata on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth and Yield in the Semi-Deciduous Forest Zone of Côte d’Ivoire Roger Bayala; Lisette Zeh Tokpa; Firmin Kouamé Konan; Kouamé Emile Ange Jr. Brou; Ambroise Casimir Laopé Siene; Pauline Amanko Ndouba; Nathanael A. Bogie; Sabas Sadaiou Yao Barima
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.355-369

Abstract

Chromolaena odorata is a dominant pioneer species in the successional vegetation following deforestation in humid and sub-humid tropical regions. Despite its prevalence, the specific interactions between C. odorata and subsequent food crops remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of C. odorata on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under varying nutrient regimes. The experiment employed a randomized complete block design to assess the interaction between shrub presence (present vs. absent) and fertilization (0 or 1× the recommended N–P–K rate). The results indicated that the presence of C. odorata significantly increased maize height, stem diameter, and leaf count after anthesis. Furthermore, under high-rainfall conditions, C. odorata significantly increased grain yield and yield components. During the long rainy season, grain yields ranged from 8.75 to 10.74 ton/ha in plots integrated with C. odorata, compared to 7.63 to 7.84 ton/ha in monoculture plots. These agronomic advantages suggest that C. odorata improves productivity through non-thermal biomass management, likely by stabilizing soil pH. Notably, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic carbon content remained stable across the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil profiles.
Phenotypic Evaluation of Fe and Zn Content and Agronomic Traits in Sorghum Segregating Population Mufidah Mufidah; Desta Wirnas; Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas; Reflinur Reflinur
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.382-394

Abstract

Biofortification is one approach to overcoming micronutrient deficiencies by enhancing the nutritional content of food crops. Biofortification of sorghum’s iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content is essential to increase sorghum’s value as an alternative carbohydrate source. This research aimed to study phenotypic variation in Fe and Zn content and its correlation with agronomic traits and yields in the F3 population generated from a cross between the ‘Demak 4’ and ‘Soper 6 Agritan’ developed using the Single Seed Descent (SSD) method. This research was conducted at the Muara Experimental Field in Bogor, from May to August 2024. The experiment used an augmented design with four replications based on an individual-based segregated design. Fe and Zn content in sorghum grain samples was measured using an X-ray fluorescence machine. The results showed that the Fe content in sorghum grain within the F3 population ranged from 11.70-21.80 ppm, and Zn content ranged from 16.70-26.25 ppm. The correlation analysis showed that Fe content was not related to agronomic traits or yield. Zn showed a significant positive correlation with flag leaf area (r = 0.30, p < 0.01) and stem diameter (r = 0.24, p < 0.05). Fe and Zn content of sorghum grain was observed to be positively correlated (r = 0.68, p < 0.001). The results of multi-character identification using MGIDI yielded 10 selected genotypes: G1, G2, G6, G18, G20, G63, G82, G108, G122, and G181. Genotypes G1, G2, G181, and G122 are suitable for high yield.
Characterization of Doubled Haploid Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Lines Obtained from Anther Culture Rifa Kamalia Shinta Abdullah; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Awang Maharijaya; Samsul Ma’arif; Iswari Saraswati Dewi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 02 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.02.504-515

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is an important horticultural crop widely cultivated worldwide. Stable genetic material and comprehensive information on genetic variability are essential for the development of superior varieties. Previous studies have obtained genetically stable doubled-haploid (DH) lines through anther culture. However, their agronomic performance has not been well identified. Therefore, this study aims to characterize doubled haploid (DH) eggplant lines (Solanum melongena L.) and identify potential candidates for future use as parental lines in hybrid breeding programs. Eleven doubled-haploid lines and three commercial varieties were evaluated using a randomized complete block design. Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s HSD test at a 5% significance level, and cluster analysis based on phenotypic similarity. The results revealed significant variability among the genotypes for all quantitative characters except days to final harvest. Cluster analysis classified the genotypes into two major groups. Among the evaluated genotypes, Pro-AM1, Pro-AM38, Pro- AM50, and Hit-AM30 exhibited superior yield-related characters and are considered promising parental lines for hybrid development in eggplant. These findings demonstrate substantial genetic variability among the double-haploid eggplant lines and provide valuable resources for selecting superior lines to support future hybrid development.

Page 33 of 35 | Total Record : 343

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