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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 14108917 EISSN : 25979914 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering

urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.

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Articles 796 Documents

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Characterization and Application of Chitosan as a Natural Coagulant in Reducing Remazol Red Dyestuff Concentration and COD Value of Batik Liquid Waste Rifana Adilla Safitri; Maya Rahmayanti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 9 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 9 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Research on chitosan application as a natural coagulant in reducing the concentration of remazol red dye from batik liquid waste has been carried out. This study aims to study the effect of the acidity of batik wastewater on the coagulant ability to reduce the remazol red dye concentration and the COD value of batik liquid waste. In this study, chitosan compounds before and after coagulation were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The pH range used in the coagulation process was pH 2-6. Post-coagulation chitosan FTIR spectra showed a shift in the wave number in the 3400 cm-1 area, which indicated an interaction between the -OH group of chitosan and the dye remazol red. Remazol red dye was maximally coagulated by chitosan at pH 2. The percentage reduction in the dye concentration reached 100%, and the decrease in COD value at that pH was 71.69%.

Bioethanol Production from Cassava Peel Treated with Sulfonated Carbon Catalyzed Hydrolysis Primata Mardina; Chairul Irawan; Meilana Dharma Putra; Sylvera Bella Priscilla; Misnawati Misnawati; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 1 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 1 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

A large amount of Cassava peel as biomass waste is generated by agricultural activities, and it led to a new pursuit to exploit the utilization of biomass waste. This research aimed to study the potential of Cassava peel as raw material for bioethanol production. This study was performed in 2 main processes, acid hydrolysis, and fermentation. The experiment was initiated by conducting acid hydrolysis (100°C and 60 min) on Cassava peel’s starch using sulfonated carbon catalyst palm oil empty fruit bunch (5%-w/v) to produce 13.53 g/L glucose. The glucose contained hydrolysates then continued to ferment at 30°C. The effect of fermentation time (h), pH, and shaking rate (rpm) of cassava peel’s starch fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analyzed. The best result was found at pH 4.5 and 50 rpm for a 24 h reaction with 3.75 g/L of bioethanol concentration. This study revealed that Cassava peel is a promising feedstock for biofuel production.

Potential Antibacterial Activity of Bioactive β-sitosterol from Root Bark of Rhizophora apiculata from Lampung Coastal Rahmat Kurniawan; Tati Suhartati; Yandri AS; Desi Meriyanti; Sukrasno Sukrasno
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 4 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 4 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

β-sitosterol is an essential bioactive phytosterol naturally present in plant cell membranes. It has a coincident structure with animal cholesterol. This investigation reported isolation, structure analysis, and an antimicrobial assay of β-sitosterol from the root bark of Bakau Minyak (Rhizophora apiculata) from Lampung coastal. The isolation of β-sitosterol was carried out through maceration using methanol, separation by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), and purification by column chromatography (CC) using ethyl acetate/n-hexane (2:8) as eluent. The structure of β-sitosterol was determined using spectroscopic analysis (UV-Vis, FT-IR, 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, DEPT, and GC-MS). The pure β-sitosterol has 107.4 mg of white needle crystalline compound, the compound melting point about 140.7-141.2oC, the molecular mass confirmed by m/z 414, and UV absorption detected at λ 203.9 nm. The β-sitosterol antimicrobial bioactivity assay has shown potential activity to be developed as a lead compound against E. coli.

Increasing Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Originating from Yellow Sweet Potato Extract as Dye Sensitizer: Effect of Acetic Acid, Polyethylene Glycol, and Polyvinyl Alcohol as TiO2 binders Yulia Nadhirah; RD Kusumanto; Abu Hasan
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 11 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 11 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

This study aimed to obtain the most efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using yellow sweet potato extract (Ipomoea Batatas L.) as a dye sensitizer, with acetic acid, polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) as TiO2 binding solution. This research includes the preparation of TiO2 paste with variations: 4 g TiO2 plus 2 M acetic acid (Paste-1), 3.5 g TiO2 plus 15 mL PEG-400 (Paste-2), and 0.5 g TiO2 plus 0.75 mL. PVA (Paste-3). Anthocyanin dye from yellow sweet potato was prepared and used to soak the TiO2 photoelectrode for 24 hours. UV-vis and FTIR spectra of dye solution from yellow sweet potato extract showed anthocyanin content at a maximum wavelength of 283 nm and were strengthened by the appearance of hydroxyl groups in the infrared spectra. The highest DSSC efficiency of 0.302% was obtained from PVA as a TiO2 binder, with an electric current of 0.0204 mA and an electric voltage of 338 mv.

Addition of Calcined Na2B4O7 on the Synthesis of Li7La3Zr2O12 Imam Shofid Alaih; Sidiq Fathonah; Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtyas; Fitria Rahmawati
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 3 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 3 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a garnet-type electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSB). It has good chemical and electrochemical stability against lithium and a relatively high ionic conductivity. However, the ionic conductivity needs to be further increased to provide a high specific capacity of the ASSB. Element doping into LLZO is an effort to increase molecular defect, known to enhance the conductivity. This research studied the effect of the Na2B4O7 addition on the LLZO synthesis, producing LLZBO(A). The investigation aims to understand whether the sodium ions dope into the LLZO structure during synthesis, or it is only B ions to enter into the structure. Therefore, another synthesis with B2O3 of B precursor was conducted for comparison (LLZBO(B)). The precursors were mixed stoichiometrically by following the formula of Li7-xLa3-xZr2-xBxNaxO12 (LLZBO, x= 0.15; 0.20; 0.30). XRD analysis equipped with Le Bail refinement found that LLZBO(A) and LLZBO(B) mainly consist of cubic and tetragonal LLZO with a %mol of 69.06 – 69.84 %, and the main secondary phase is La2Zr2O7. The surface morphology of LLZBO(A) and LLZBO(B) is almost similar to the irregular form of large aggregates. The particles become more dispersed when 0.3 %mol dopant was submitted. Impedance analysis found a high ionic conductivity of LLZBAO(A)0.3 1.042x10-3 Scm-1.

Study of Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherm of Methylene Blue Dye using Tannin Gel from Ceriops tagal Thamrin Azis; La Ode Ahmad; Keke Awaliyah; Laode Abdul Kadir
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 10 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 10 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Research on the equilibrium and adsorption kinetics of methylene blue dye using tannin gel from the Tingi tree (Ceriops tagal) has been carried out. This study aims to determine the capacity and adsorption kinetics of tannin gel against methylene blue dye. Several parameters, such as the effect of contact time, pH, and methylene blue dye concentration on adsorption, were also studied. Based on the research results, the optimum adsorption process is a contact time of 30 minutes and a pH of 7. The adsorption capacity increased to a concentration of 80 mg/L with a maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 49.261 mg/g. The adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics model and the Langmuir isotherm model.

Uric Acid Sensor Based on PEDOT:PSS Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode Fabricated with a Simple Painting Technique Wulan Tri Wahyuni; Rudi Heryanto; Eti Rohaeti; Achmad Fauzi; Budi Riza Putra
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 2 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 2 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

A screen-printed carbon electrode is a suitable electrode for electrochemical sensors due to its simplicity and portability. This study aimed to fabricate a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (SPCE-PEDOT:PSS) to improve the electrochemical performance for uric acid detection. The SPCE was fabricated using a layer-by-layer painting process of conductive ink consisting of graphite as a conductive material, polystyrene as a polymeric binder, and dichloromethane solvent on a polyvinyl chloride paper substrate. The fabricated SPCE was then modified with PEDOT:PSS by a drop-casting method. The characterization of SPCE-PEDOT:PSS surface morphology was performed using the scanning electron microscopy technique. The SPCE-PEDOT:PSS provided an acceptable linearity (R2 = 0.9985, 0.9993, 0.9985), sensitivity (0.070, 0.015, 0.024 µA/µM), precision (%RSD = 2.70%, 2.89%, 2.40%), limit of detection (1.61 µM, 1.14 µM, 1.62 µM), and limit of quantitation (5.37 µM, 3.81 µM to 5.39 µM) in measurement of uric acid standard solution using cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and differential pulse voltammetry techniques, respectively. The studies using SPCE-PEDOT:PSS indicated that the electrode could be applied in the electrochemical measurement of uric acid in the human urine sample.

An Insight of Co-Encapsulation Nigella sativa and Cosmos caudatus Kunth Extracts as Anti-Inflammatory Agent Through In Silico Study Nadiyah Zuhroh; Zubaidah Ningsih; Anna Safitri
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 5 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 5 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

This study analyzes anti-inflammatory activity from extracts of Nigella sativa and Cosmos caudatus Kunth co-encapsulated through in silico molecular docking. The LC-MS results revealed that extracts of N. sativa mostly contained thymoquinone and alpha-hederin, whereas quercetin and kaempferol were the major compounds in C. caudatus K. Nevertheless, the bioactive compounds are usually susceptible to degradation by exposure to light, heat, oxygen, which may limit its biological activity. Therefore, encapsulation is one of the promising techniques to protect bioactive compounds. Ligands were encapsulated with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate as wall materials. Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as the target enzymes were docked with a combination of these active compounds (non-encapsulated and encapsulated), using the HEX 8.0 program, and visualized using the Discovery studio visualizer software v16.1.0.15350. Interestingly, docking results of the combination of encapsulated ligands showed no interactions to COX-1 but interacted with COX-2. Therefore, co-encapsulation of extracts combinations has been suggested to act as anti-inflammatory agents targeted specifically to the COX-2 enzyme. The total energy of the encapsulated of combination of extract compounds to COX-2 were -1425.88 (mol/cal) for thymoquinone + quercetin; -1435.87 (mol/cal) for thymoquinone + kaempferol; 1175.97 (mol/cal) for quercetin + alpha hederin; -957.74 (mol/cal) for kaempferol + alpha hederin; and -283.3 (mol/cal) for diclofenac sodium, as a control NSAID drug. These suggest that encapsulated active compounds in N. sativa and C. caudatus K. have potency as a drug candidate for the selective NSAIDs category, which can be subjected to further in vitro and in vivo studies.

Reinforcement of Quaternary Ammonium Modified Silica (QAMS) with Magnetite and its Application by Solid Phase Adsorption (SPA) to Adsorb Chromate Ions Ngatijo Ngatijo; Restina Bemis; Abdul Aziz; Rahmat Basuki
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 10 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 10 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Chromium (VI) in the form of chromate anions that have toxic properties needs to be overcome. This study aims to reinforce cationic sorbent quaternary amine-modified silica with magnetite (QAMS-Fe3O4) to adsorb chromate ions. QAMS prepared by reflux methylation ammine modified silica (AMS) obtained from destruction silicate from rice husk ash followed by the addition of 3-APTMS. Characterization QAMS-Fe3O4 by FT-IR showed successfully of methylation process indicated by disappearing absorbance at 1388 cm-1, and emerging absorbance at 2939 cm-1 in QAMS and QAMS-Fe3O4 indicated a transformation of N-H from -NH2 group to [-N+(CH3)3]. XRD analysis denotes 2θ = 30.15°, 35.53°, 43.12°, 57.22°, and 62.90° (JCPDS No. 00-033-0664) fathomed as a characteristic peak of magnetite. SEM-EDX reveals the homogenous topological spherical form with an average particle size 0.006 µm that is dominated by Si element (52.81%) with magnetic moment value = 34.1 emu/g. The stability test shows that this material stable in an acid condition. The adsorption of chromate ions was conducted by the SPA method. Optimal pH obtained by pH range 4-7 with more than 90% adsorbed chromate ions. Variation of increasing series flow rate from 0.05 to 1.5 mL min-1 resulted in decreased adsorbed chromate ions. The use of SPA methods offered simpler and easier handling than the batch method without overriding the adsorption process effectiveness.

Aluminum Pillared Clay (Al-PILC) for Adsorption of Dyes in Red Fruit Oil Sholihah Novitasari; Sriatun Sriatun; Taslimah Taslimah
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 24, No 1 (2021): Volume 24 Issue 1 Year 2021
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Red fruit oil contains carotene, which is dark orange, so it is not very popular. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the intensity of the color. Yesterday, in this study, the synthesis and characterization of Al-pillared clay (Al-PILC) from light and heavy clay fractions were carried out. The absorption capacity of red fruit carotene dyes was studied. The research stages included preparation, fractionation, activation, pillarization of clay with aluminum, characterization, and adsorption test for carotene dyes on red fruit. Characterization was carried out using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Gas Sorption Analyzer (GSA). The results showed that basal spacing of natural clay, Al pillared heavy fraction-clay, Al pillared light fraction-clay, activated light fraction were 15.08 Å, 15.27 Å, 16.84 Å, and 16, respectively. 22 Å. The GSA results showed that the surface area and pore volume of the Al pillared light fraction-clay of 0.3 was higher than the heavy fraction. The average pore size of Al pillared light fraction-clay and the heavy fraction was found in the mesoporous range of 30-100 Å, and the adsorption isotherm is type IV. Al-pillared light fraction-clay had higher adsorption ability than a heavy fraction and light fraction before pillaring. When the pillaring agent’s concentration was 0.3 M, Al pillared heavy fraction-has absorption capacity is 58.66%, while Al pillared light fraction-clay is 90.4%.

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