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INDONESIA
JURNAL SELULOSA
Published by Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Jurnal Selulosa (JSel) is a journal that provides scientific information resources aimed at researchers and engineers in academia, research institutions, government agencies, and industries. Jurnal Selulosa publishes original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on cellulose, cellulose derivatives, pulp technology, paper technology, environment, biorefinery and other related topics. Formerly known as Berita Selulosa, and the first publication was in 1965. Since 2011, the journal renamed to Jurnal Selulosa.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 204 Documents
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EFEKTIVITAS PROSES PENGOMPOSAN LIMBAH SLUDGE IPAL INDUSTRI KERTAS DENGAN JAMUR (THE EFFECTIVITY OF PAPER MILL SLUDGE COMPOSTING BY FUNGI ) Rina Soetopo; Endang R C.C.
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 43, No 02 (2008): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4098.925 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v43i02.157

Abstract

Utilization of paper mill sludge from waste water treatment plant of compost have been proven able to improve the quality of land crop productivity and also uncontaminated the environment. But to produce the compost on a large scale, industry still not yet implemented it because composting process can take time up 3 month. Composting of paper mill sludge by fungi Phanerochaeta chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei have been done at Laboratory scale. The result showed that composting of paper mill sludge by fungi Trichoderma harzianum have the highest cellulose degradation. Composting process for 28 day, can reach the quality standard of compost.Key words: fungi, sludge, cellulose, compostINTISARI Pemanfaatan limbah sludge IPAL industri kertas untuk kompos, telah terbukti berpotensi dalam meningkatkan kualitas tanah dan produktivitas tanaman serta tidak mencemari lingkungan. Namun untuk memproduksi kompos dari limbah sludge secara besar-besaran masih belum dapat diimplementasikan oleh industri, karena proses pengomposan yang memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama sampai sekitar 3 bulan. Pengomposan limbah sludge IPAL industri kertas dengan jamur Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trichoderma harzinum dan Trichoderma reesai telah dilakukan pada skala Laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jamur Trichoderma harzianum dapat mendegradasi selulosa tertinggi (60,2%) dalam pengomposan limbah sludge industry kertas.Kata kunci : jamur, sludge, selulosa, kompos
Oryza sativa PULP AS A TEMPLATE IN α-ALUMINA NANOCRYSTALLINE SYNTHESIS BY PRECURSOR CALCINING PROCESS Rifki Septawendar; Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita; Suhanda ,; Leanddas Nurdiwijayanto; Taufan Hidayat
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 1, No 01 (2011): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (992.404 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v1i01.14

Abstract

Synthesis and characterization of α-alumina nano powder with Oryza sativa pulp as template by precursor calcining process have been successfully conducted. The aim of this experiment is to study the potential of Oryza sativa pulp as a template of precursor calcining process method that isrelatively cheaper than that of sol gel method in α-alumina synthesis. Weight ratio between precursor and Oryza sativa pulp was 1 : 2. The effect of calcination temperature on α-alumina synthesis in this research is set by variation of calcination temperature at 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C. In this research, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis is used to investigate the transformation of crystal phase, structure and size of the crystal formed by the calcinations temperature. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)characterization is used to identify morphology of α-Al2O3 powder. Based on XRD characterization result, synthesized alumina sample forms α-Al2O3 and γ-Al2O3 crystal phases. The formed crystallite size is in nanometer dimension for α-Al2O3 which biggest crystallite size is 46.6 nm. According to SEM characterization result, it is shown that α-Al2O3 formed rhombohedral or bar shape and planar. The particle size will increase along with the elevation of calcination temperature.Key words : nano powder, α-alumina, precursor calcining process, oryza sativa pulp ABSTRAKSintesis dan karakterisasi nanopowder α-alumina dengan menggunakan pulp merang sebagai template melalui proses kalsinasi prekursor telah berhasil dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi pulp merang sebagai template dari precursor calcination process yang merupakan metoda relatif lebih murah dibandingkan metode sol gel dalam mensintesis α-alumina. Perbandingan berat antara prekursor dan pulp adalah 1:2. Pengaruh temperatur kalsinasi terhadap pembentukan α-alumina ditetapkan dengan variasi temperatur kalsinasi pada 900°C, 1000°C, dan 1100°C. Analisis diffraksi Sinar-X (XRD) digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan fasa kristal, struktur, dan ukuran kristal yangterbentuk pada suhu kalsinasi tersebut. Karakterisasi SEM dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui morfologi dari serbuk α-Al2O3. Berdasarkan karakterisasi XRD, sampel alumina yang disintesis membentuk fasa α-Al2O3 dan γ-Al 2O3. Ukuran kristal yang terbentuk berskala nanometer, yaitu untuk α-Al2O3 ukuran kristal terbesar adalah 46,6 nm. Hasil karakterisasi SEM, terlihat bahwa α-Al2O3 membentuk struktur trigonal atau bentuk batang dan planar, ukuran partikel akan semakin membesar dengan meningkatnyatemperatur kalsinasi.Kata kunci : nano powder, α-alumina, proses kalsinasi prekursor, pulp merang. 
PEMANFAATAN SLUDGE INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS UNTUK AMELIORASI TANAH TAILING TAMBANG EMAS Enny Widyati
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 2, No 01 (2012): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (578.312 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v2i01.30

Abstract

Mine tailings generally have low fertility, and also high concentration of metals. Amelioration with soil organic is one of proper efforts. Sludge of pulp and paper mills can be an alternative of soil organic source. This research is aimed to improve chemical properties of mine tailing. The study was conducted in randomized completely design with dosages of 25 and 50% of tailing added into tailing pond and tailing dump. Observation of N, P, K, pH and CEC were conducted in the days of 0, 5, 10 and 15 after incubation, whereas the content of S, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe and CN were measured in the days of 0, 7 and 15 after incubation. The result showed that sludge in dosage 50% was the most effective in improving the properties of the tailings in 15 days after incubation. Efficiency of improvements were, 2,414% for N tailing dump and 3,243% for N tailing pond; P (>440%), CEC (>150%); The dosage of 50% as well as reduce the content of S (82%), Fe (63%), Cu (73%), Cd (90%), Pb (53%), and cyanide (99%), respectively. This research suggested that slude of paper mills is effective to improve mine tailing properties.Keywords: amelioration, mine tailing, pulp and paper mills sludge  ABSTRAK Tailing tambang umumnya memiliki kandungan unsur-unsur hara yang rendah atau sifat kimia tanah yang buruk dan mengandung logam-logam yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, ameliorasi timbunan tailing dengan bahan organik merupakan salah satu upaya yang tepat. Sludge industri kertas merupakan salah satu sumber bahan organik yang dapat dijadikan amelioran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah sludge industri pulp dan kertas dapat memperbaiki sifat-sifat kimia tanah timbunan tailing bekas tambang emas. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan dasar acak lengkap secara faktorial, dengan perlakuan penambahan 25 dan 50% sludge ke dalam tailing pond dan tailing dump, berturut-turut sebagai faktor pertama dan kedua. Parameter-parameter yang diamati meliputi ketersediaan N, P, K, pH, KTK dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 5, 10 dan 15 serta ketersediaan S, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, CN pada hari ke 0, 7 dan 15 setelah inkubasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sludge dengan dosis 50% efektif memperbaiki sifat-sifat kimia tailing dengan waktu inkubasi 15 hari. Dosis tersebut dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan N dengan efisiensi 2,414% untuk tailing dump dan 3,243% untuk tailing pond, meningkatkan ketersediaan P lebih dari 440%, dan meningkatkan KTK lebih dari 150%. Dosis tersebut juga efektif dalam menurunkan ketersediaan S (82%), Fe (63%), Cu (73%), Cd (90%), Pb (53%) dan menurunkan ketersediaan sianida sebesar 99%.Kata kunci: ameliorasi, sludge industri pulp dan kertas, tailing tambang 
PENGARUH PENJADAPAN TERHADAP KADAR SARI KAJU TUSAM (Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vriese) Soeprapti S.I Kaseno; Sri Margono
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 1, No 2 (1965): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16447.473 KB)

Abstract

The effect of tapping Pinus merkusii upon its extractive matters was studied.The extracttve matters were separated from the wood samples using a one to twomixture of alcohol and benzene in a Soxhlet apparatus.Three Pinus merkusii trees were studied, the first tree had been tapped for 3 months and was still being tapped when felled. The second tree had been tapped for 6 months and had afterwaids been left for 1/2 year before felling. The third tree has not been tapped.The effect of tapping was studied up to a height of 10 meters.The study reveals the following: wounding the tree stimulate the resin - yielding cell of the wood. Thus the formation of the extraneous materials in the tree increase.Samples taken from the tree which had been tapped and then left for 1/2 year before feling, showed a high extractive content, especially at regions near the face of the wound. It can be seen even with the naked eye, that this parts was heavily impregnated with resineous matters. The effect of the tapping upon the upper parts the tree above the wound was negligible.Samples taken from the tree which was still being tapped, showed a lower than average extractive content, for most of the resin was secreted as oleoresin.The presence of branching and knots within the trunk of the tree, showed a high extractive content in that part of the tree and a darker coloration of the wood.The infuence of tapping operation on other wood components was negligible.
EVALUASI EFISIENSI ENERGI PENGERING MULTISILINDER PADA MESIN KERTAS UNTUK PRODUKSI KERTAS TULIS-CETAK GRAMATUR RENDAH Trismawati ,
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 3, No 02 (2013): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (466.16 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v3i02.46

Abstract

Paper machine has been designed for special purposes in accordance with the fiber characteristic used as the raw material, fiber development needed, and the fiber network developed so that the incremental water content reduction in the paper web from the inlet point of cylindrical dryer up to the outlet point of cylindrical dryer optimum. In industrial application, the paper machine designed for basis weight 60 gsm and virgin pulp as the raw material is often used for 45 gsm productions with virgin and recycled fiber as the raw material because of the paper demand. In this research the cylindrical dryer performance was observed when used for 45 gsm writing and printing paper production and their ability to dry the paper up to the design speed was simulated. Hopefully the result will able to give a contribution for energy efficiency so that the reduction of contribution margin can be anticipated.Keywords: cylindrical dryer, designed speed, energy efficiency, contribution margin. ABSTRAK Mesin kertas telah dirancang sesuai peruntukannya khususnya menyesuaikan dengan karakteristik serat yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku, pengembangan serat yang diinginkan dan jaringan serat yang terbentuk. Hal ini agar pengurangan kadar air yang terjadi secara bertahap dari pengering silinder ujung awal sampai ujung akhir dapat berjalan optimal. Dalam aplikasi industri sering dilakukan penyimpangan seperti mesin kertas yang dirancang untuk untuk memproduksi kertas tulis cetak 60 gsm bahan baku virgin digunakan untuk memproduksi kertas tulis cetak 45 gsm berbahan baku virgin maupun kertas daur-ulang berdasarkan permintaan pasar. Dalam penelitian ini diamati kajian kinerja pengering silinder mesin kertas saat pengeringan produk kertas tulis cetak 45 gsm dan simulasi kemampuan pengeringan pengering silinder tersebut sampai batas kecepatan rancangan mesin kertas. Hasil diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap efisiensi energi, sehingga langkah antisipasi terhadap kemungkinan penurunan kontribusi keuntungan dapat dilakukan.Kata kunci: pengering silinder, kecepatan rancangan, efisiensi energi, kontribusi keuntungan
TINGKAT TOKSISITAS AKUT AIR LIMBAH PROSES PEMUTIHAN PULP HASIL PENGOLAHAN BIOLOGI Krisna Adhitya W; Rina S. Soetopo
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 45, No 02 (2010): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (511.175 KB)

Abstract

Pulp bleaching process effluent could make problem to environment. AOX which has toxic, bioaccumulate, carcinogen, and persistent characteristic is specific pollutant from bleaching efluent. The toxicity test used three kinds of wastewater samples, which were from bleaching process, Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) effluent and combined biological treatment ( UASB + activated sludge) effluent. The results showed that UASB treatment could remove AOX and COD concentration up to 44% and 59% respectively, and combined biological treatment (UASB + activated sludge treatment) remove AOX and COD concentration up to 73% and 89% respectively. Biological treatment could reduce toxicity level of bleaching effluent by EC 50 value for bleaching wastewater at range of 1,05 – 1,38 ppm (AOX concentration), EC 50 value for UASB effluent at range of 3,77-4,98 ppm and after UASB+activated sludge treatment, wastewater showed practically non-toxic characteristic. Key words: bleaching wastewater, AOX, UASB, activated sludge, Daphnia magna  INTISARITahap pemutihan pulp dapat menghasilkan air limbah yang menyebabkan permasalahan bagi lingkungan. AOX merupakan polutan spesifik yang berasal dari air limbah proses pemutihan pulp, yang mempunyai karakteristik beracun, bioakumulatif, karsinogen, dan persisten. Kombinasi pengolahan biologi anaerob dan aerob diharapkan dapat menurunkan nilai AOX dan mengurangi kadar toksisitas dalam air limbah. Uji toksisitas menggunakan tiga sampel air limbah, yaitu air limbah proses pemutihan sebelum pengolahan, air limbah proses pemutihan yang telah diolah secara anaerob menggunakan Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) dan juga air limbah yang telah diolah secara anaerob (UASB) yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengolahan biologi secara aerob (lumpur aktif). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan UASB dapat mereduksi AOX dan COD dari air limbah pemutihan sebesar 44% dan 59% sementara kombinasi pengolahan biologi (UASB+Lumpur aktif) dapat mereduksi AOX dan COD hingga 73% serta 89%. Selain itu pengolahan biologi dapat menurunkan tingkat toksisitas air limbah pemutihan dengan Nilai EC 50 dari air limbah pemutihan sebelum pengolahan berada pada kisaran konsentrasi AOX 1,05 – 1,38 ppm. EC 50 dari air limbah pemutihan setelah pengolahan dengan UASB berada pada kisaran konsentrasi AOX 3,77-4,98 ppm dan setelah pengolahan dengan UASB+lumpur aktif, air limbah menunjukkan efek tidak toksik pada Daphnia magna.Kata kunci: air limbah pemutihan, AOX, UASB, lumpur aktif, Daphnia magna
NERACA UAP SEBAGAI SALAH SATU PIRANTI UPAYA PENGHEMATAN ENERGI DI PABRIK KIMIA (STEAM BALANCE AS A TOOL FOR ENERGI CONCERVATION IN CHEMICAL PLANTS ) Herri Susanto
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 43, No 02 (2008): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4519.499 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v43i02.152

Abstract

Optimal operation of utility system has become a part of important step for successful business in chemical industries such as pulp and paper mills, The cost of energy in such mill may contributeup to 18% of manufacturing cost a steam balance may be used to predict an optimal process condition and to understand operation constraints. Stream balance can be easily developed by any process engineer and simulation can be performed in a common electronic spreadsheet. This paper is aimed as an introduction to prepare a steam balance in specific plant.Keywords: mass and energy balance, stream system, steam diagram, LNG-plantINTISARIIndustri kimia seperti industri pulp dan kertas, merupakan industri dengan konsumsi energi yang relatif besar khususnya uap. Karena itu kajian produksi dan konsumsi uap pada sebuah pabrik pulp dan kertas merupakan salah satu langkah sejalan dengan program penghematan energi yang terus berkembang. Beberapa contoh menunjukan bahwa biaya energi di pabrik pulp dan kertas dapat mencapai 18% dari total biaya produksi. Dengan kajian neraca uap, potensi-potensi penghematan dapat teridentifikasi dan prioritas prigram dapat disusun. Makalah ini merupakan kajian ringan untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sesua kebutuhan.Kata kunci: neraca massa dan energi, perangkat sistem uap, diagram uap, pabrik LNG 
SIFAT PULP BERBAHAN BAKU ALGA MERAH Gracilaria sp. DAN Eucheuma sp. (THE PROPERTIES OF PULP FROM Gracilaria sp. AND Eucheuma sp. RED ALGAE) Rachmawati Apriani; Ilham Zulfahmi
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 7, No 01 (2017): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (654.695 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v7i01.141

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the properties of pulp prepared from Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma sp. red algae. The experiments were conducted during the month of October 2016 at Bandung Institute of Technology and Science and the Center for Pulp and Paper. Soda pulping with 10% NaOH charge at 105 o C was carried out to produce pulp from Gracilaria sp. and Eucheuma sp. Pulp handsheets were prepared according to the standard procedures TAPPI T205 sp - 95. The present experiments were consisting of four treatments i.e. A (60% algae pulp: 40% NBKP), B (70% algae pulp : 30% NBKP), C (80% algae pulp : 20% NBKP) and D (100% NBKP). The Kappa numbers, tearing strength, tensile strength and brightness of pulp were determined. The results showed that the Kappa number of Eucheuma sp. pulp was lower than that of Gracilaria sp. pulp. The highest tearing and tensile strength of pulp were obtained from treatment A (60% Eucheuma sp. pulp : 40% NBKP), i.e. 933.5 ± 19.5 and 3.16 ± 0.07 mN kN/m, respectively. Meanwhile, the Gracilaria sp. pulp retained a higher brightness than Eucheuma sp. pulp. Pulp produced from treatment A (60% Gracilaria sp. pulp: 40% NBKP) resulted in the highest brightness of 67.18 ± 1.59%. ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat pulp berbahan baku Gracilaria sp. dan Eucheuma sp. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Oktober 2016 di Institut Teknologi dan Sains Bandung serta Balai Besar Pulp dan Kertas. Gracilaria sp. dan Eucheuma sp. diproses dengan mengekstraksi selulosa pada suhu maksimum 80o C selama 140 menit (20 menit untuk mencapai suhu maksimum dan 120 menit pada suhu maksimum). Bahan kimia yang digunakan, yaitu NaOH sebanyak10% dari berat kering alga. Lembaran uji dibuat mengikuti metode TAPPI (T205 sp - 95). Variasi perlakuan penelitian adalah A (60% pulp alga : 40 % NBKP), B (70% pulp alga : 30% NBKP), C (80% pulp alga : 20% NBKP), dan D (100% NBKP). Pengamatan parameter meliputi bilangan Kappa, ketahanan sobek, ketahanan tarik dan derajat cerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pulp Eucheuma sp. memiliki bilangan Kappa yang lebih rendah dari pulp Gracilaria sp. Ketahanan sobek dan ketahanan tarik tertinggi diperoleh dari perlakuan A (60% pulp Euchema sp. : 40 % NBKP), yaitu masing-masing sebesar 933,5 ± 19,5 mN dan 3,16 ± 0,07 kN/m. Sementara itu, lembaran uji dari pulp Gracilaria sp. memiliki derajat cerah lebih tinggi dari derajat cerah pulp Euchema sp. Derajat cerah tertinggi diperoleh dari perlakuan A (60% pulp Gracilaria sp. : 40 % NBKP) sebesar 67,18 ± 1,59 %.
APLIKASI PROSES DIGESTASI ANAEROBIK LUMPUR BIOLOGI INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI KERTAS Rina S. Soetopo; Sri Purwati; Henggar Hardiani; Mukharomah Nur Aini; Krisna Adhitya Wardhana
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 4, No 02 (2014): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (868.43 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v4i02.64

Abstract

A continuous pilot scale study has been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion of biological sludge. The sludge has a total solid content of 0.53% - 1.1%, pH of 7.20 to 7.32. Its organic content is about 97 %, The research were conducted in two stages, which are acidification (performed in 3 m3 the Continously Stirred Tank Reactor/CSTR at pH of 5.5 to 6.0) and methanation (performed in 5 m3 the Up Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket/UASB reactor at pH 6.5 to 7.0). The retention time (RT) was gradually shortened from 6 days to 1 day for acidification and from 8 days to 2 days for methanation. The results showed that operating the CSTR at the RT of 1 day and the organic loading of 8.23 g Volatile Solid (VS)/m3.day could produce Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) at an average value of 17.3 g/kg VS.day. Operating the UASB reactor at the RT of 2 days and the organic loading (Chemical Oxygen Demand/COD) of 2.4 kg COD/m3.day could produce biogas at an average value of 66.3 L/day, with an average methane content of 69.9%, methane rate of 0.17 L CH4/g COD reduction or 19.06 L CH4/kg VS. Furthermore, methanation could reduce COD at an average value of 51.2 %, resulting in the effluent average value of COD filtrate and COD total of 210.1 mg/L and 375.2 mg /L, respectively.Keywords: acidification, methanation, CSTR, UASB, biogas ABSTRAKPercobaan digestasi anaerobik lumpur IPAL biologi industri kertas secara kontinyu skala pilot telah dilakukan di industri kertas dengan tujuan mengkaji efektivitas proses digestasi anaerobik dalam mengolah lumpur tersebut. Lumpur yang digunakan memiliki total solids sekitar 0,53% – 1,1%, pH netral (7,20 – 7,32) dengan komponen utama senyawa organik sekitar 97%. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu asidifikasi dalam reaktor CSTR berkapasitas 3 m3 pada pH 5,5 – 6,0 dan metanasi dalam reaktor UASB berkapasitas 5 m3 pada pH 6,5 – 7,0. Percobaan dilakukan dengan waktu retensi yang dipersingkat secara bertahap dari 6 hari ke 1 hari untuk proses asidifikasi dan dari 8 hari ke 2 hari untuk proses metanasi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pengoperasian reaktor CSTR dengan waktu retensi 1 hari dan beban organik 8,3 g VS/m3.hari dapat menghasilkan VFA rata-rata 17,3 g/kg VS.hari dengan kisaran 8,36 – 30,59 g/kg VS.hari, sedangkan pengoperasian reaktor UASB pada waktu retensi 2 hari dan beban organik 2,4 kg COD/m3.hari dapat menghasilkan biogas rata-rata 66,3 L/hari dengan kadar metana rata-rata 69,9% atau 0,17 L CH4/g COD reduksi atau 19,06 L CH4/kg VS. Selain itu proses metanasi dapat menurunkan COD terlarut rata-rata 51,2%, dengan konsentrasi efluen COD terlarut  rata-rata 210,1 mg/L dan COD total rata-rata 375,2 mg/L.Kata kunci: asidifikasi, metanasi, CSTR, UASB, biogas
PENANGGULANGAN STICKIES KERTAS BEKAS MENGGUNAKAN BENTONIT DAN TALK Jenni Rismijana
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 42, No 02 (2007): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (188.02 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v42i2.189

Abstract

The flotation deinking of ONP and OMG mixture has been done in the laboratory. ONP and OMG was repulped  separately at 4% consistency using NaOH, Na2SiO3 and H2O2 , up to 350 ml CSF. The mixture of 30% ONP and 70% OMG was made, then 1% dispersant, 0,5% collector, and 0 – 2% bentonite and  or talk were added to the mixture. Flotation was conducted for 15 minutes at 20 litre/minute air flow rate and 1500 rpm agitations to produce deinked pulp. Deinked pulp then converted to 80 gsm hand sheet. The hand sheets were tested for  the physical and  optical properties along with stickies and dirt. The results showed that the using of bentonite and talk, decrease the  stickies and dirt content as well as opacity, but increase the brightness. The usage of 2 % of bentonite decreases 93,8% of stickies and 84,1% of dirt, and for 2% talk the stickies and dirt decrease 92,9% and 83,1% respectively. Bentonite and talk also increase the strength of the handsheets and reached the maximum at 1,5% bentonite and 1% talk. INTISARI            Percobaan deinking campuran koran bekas  dan majalah bekas  secara flotasi telah dilakukan pada skala laboratorium. Koran bekas dan majalah bekas secara terpisah mengalami penguraian pada konsistensi 4% dengan penambahan NaOH, Na2SiO3 dan H2O2 sampai dicapai derajat giling sekitar 350 ml CSF. Kemudian dicampur dengan komposisi 30% koran dan 70% majalah. Pada stok campuran ditambahkan dispersan 1% dan kolektor 0,5%, kemudian bentonit dan atau talk masing-masing ditambahan dengan variasi 0 – 2%. Selanjutnya dilakukan proses flotasi selama 15 menit dengan laju alir udara 20 liter/menit dan agitasi 1500 rpm. Deinked pulp hasil flotasi kemudian dibuat lembaran dengan gramatur 80 g/m2. Terhadap lembaran yang dihasilkan, dilakukan pengujian sifat fisik, optik, luas stickies dan jumlah noda. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan penambahan bentonit dan talk dapat menurunkan luas stickies dan noda pada lembaran serta meningkatkan derajat putih tetapi menurunkan opasitas. Penambahan bentonit sebesar 2% menurunkan luas stickies sebesar 93,8% dan noda 84,1%, sedangkan penambahan talk 2% menurunkan luas stickies 92,9% dan noda 83,1%. Penambahan bentonit dan talk juga meningkatkan nilai indeks kekuatan dimana peningkatan tertinggi dicapai pada penambahan bentonit 1,5%.

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