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TSAQAFAH

tsaqafah
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Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor

ISSN : 14110334 EISSN : 24600008 DOI : -

Core Subject : Economy, Education, Social,

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

TSAQAFAH (pISSN: 1411-0334 | eISSN: 2460-0008) is journal of Islamic civilization published by University of Darussalam Gontor. It is semiannual journal published in May and November for the developing the scientific ethos. Editors accept scientific articles and result of research in accordance with its nature as a journal of Islamic Civilization, such as: Islamic Philosophy, Islam and Contemporary Issues, Religious Studies, Islamic Science, Islamic Economics, Islamic education, Qur’anic Studies, Islamic Law, and Islamic Ethics

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Articles 590 Documents

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Interaksi Sosial Muslim-Kristiani di Sumatera Utara (Studi tentang Hubungan Keduanya di Pemukiman) Irwansyah Irwansyah
TSAQAFAH Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Religious Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

The problem of this research is the social interaction that occurs between Muslims and Christians in the little settlements of North Sumatra. This study is a field study conducted with the sociological approach to religion. The capture of data is through interviews and field observations after firstly identifying the areas of Muslims and Christians in North Sumatra. The data analysis was performed by borrowing Kahane’s opinion, an American sociologist who researched in Indo- nesia and revealed that the social condition of Indonesian people which is “diffuse but not perfect” potentially result in conflict, especially conflict based on primordial disintegration factors, such as poor relationship between Islam and non-Islam. By borrowing the analysis model of Kahane in sociological view, the author analyzed Muslim-Christian relationship in North Sumatra allows such relationships positively or negatively, and then analyzed the causal factors of these relationships. The results showed the social interaction that occurs between Muslims and Christians in North Sumatra formed in different patterns depending on the model and residential areas. In the model of blend settlements, social interaction tend to be positive, but in clustered settlements, the models of social interaction tends to be negative. In addition, the church built by Christians in predominantly Muslim neighborhoods also tend to lead to conflict, and this conflict usually driven by outsiders’ provocative statement. Additionally, the pig farm is also a crush barrier that destabilizes social interaction between Muslim and Christian in these settlements.

Antara Tradisionalisme dan Kemodernan: Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Madrasah Minoritas Muslim Papua Barat Ismail Suardi Wekke
TSAQAFAH Vol 11, No 2 (2015): Islamic Education
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Arabic language education is the compulsory subject of madrasah. Therefore, it shows there are many innovations to create joyful learning in fulfill students’ language competency. This article addresses the dynamic of Arabic teaching and learning in madrasah of Muslim minority environment. With its unique condition, it stimulates efforts to accelerate learning process in bridging the needs of community and class understanding. This article shows that there are three types Arabic language learning. Firstly, the classes were implemented curriculum model which formulated from government policy. Indeed, there are many determinations to enrich learning material to lengthen students’ competency. Secondly, the learning applied learning material that constructed through teacher experiences during pre-class observation. Furthermore, they accelerate the current condition through reading and grammar extension outside classroom. Finally, the combination between formal curriculum and textbook enlarge learning opportunity. These three types of experiences constructed due to institutional condition and objectives formulation. The Arabic teaching and learning is a pillar to support other subjects. Moreover, through the acceleration of subjects, Arabic is a foundation to maintain the acquisition of learning material. This article concludes that minority Muslim environment extend opportunities to learn Arabic. On the other hand, teachers and books constraint is not the main difficult. They solve those challenges through collaboration and innovation inter-institution.

Peran Intermediasi Sosial Perbankan Syariah bagi Masyarakat Miskin Syafii Antonio; Hilman F. Nugraha
TSAQAFAH Vol 9, No 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

The ongoing Islamic banking gets a lot of criticisms due to its unability to become the manifestation of the Islamic values which can be utilized by all people. These criticisms can be attributed to at least some indicators such as the dominance of non profit sharing contract (Murabahah) on Islamic banking practices that can only be enjoyed by the middle to upper class of society, or the lack of optimization of the innovative Islamic banking products that can touch the majority of the poor. This paper would like to discuss and explore the possible role of social intermediation that can be carried out by the Islamic banking in addition to its role of financial intermediation. By doing so, it can answer the stigma which states that Islamic banking is not pro poor. Based on the literature review and discussion, the role of social intermediation by using social funds which are accordance to the perspective of Islam namely charity, infaq, Sadaqah, endowments, and grants (ZISWAH) can be applied as the additional products or policies of Islamic banking in order to serve the poor through several strategies, namely: (1) the establishment of special units for social intermediation and (2) the cooperation with LKMS in certain programs special for the poor.

Al-Mawardi dan Konsep Kenegaraan dalam Islam Rashda Diana
TSAQAFAH Vol 13, No 1 (2017): Islamic Political Thought
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Al-Mawardi was known as the first Moslem thinker of political theory in 11th century AD, five centuries before westerc scholars found their polical concept. Al-Mawardi’s concept of nation put religion in the centre of legitimacy source for political reality. He tried to compromise the political reality with the ideal of politics based on the law of religion and to make the religion as a justification way for political appropriateness. He said that leadership of nation would be an instrument to transmit prophetic mission in order to maintain the religion and to control the world. Meanwhile, al-Mawardi preferred institutional approach to manage a nation. He intensified the institutional function maximally and stabilized nation’s structure. His idea is surely interesting which is used by modern society today. They call it by social contract theory which means to make relationship between Ahl al-Ikhtiyâr dan Ahl al-Imâmah, that led rights and obligation to each others. If the khalîfah or the imâm wants to be obeyed by his people and asking their loyalty, he has to fulfil his duties such as protecting them and managing their concerns with full responsibility. Therefore, al-Mawardi is one of Moslem thinker of Islamic politics in the medieval who considers that the head of nation could be or changed if he does not have capability anymore to fulfil his duty. Then, the author of this article conclude that al-Mawardi’s theory could be an antithesis of the failed democracy theory.

Al-Isykaliyyat al-Lughawiyyah fi Tarjamah Ma'ani al-Qur'an al-Karim ila al-Lughah al-Indonisiyyah Saifullah Kamalie
TSAQAFAH Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Translating the Qur’an into Indonesian language, is a crucial issue, complicated and difficult. Because the Qur’an has a structure, pattern, and style of a particular language that can not be interpreted as translating Arabic books other. Although understand the Qur’an without going through the translation into Indonesian, is clearly more difficult. Recognizing the need for Qur’anic translation, the writer attempts to affirm the various aspects before translating to eliminate some errors, in terms of both language and content. From the translator qualifications he must understand well a few things; understand well the target and source language, semantics, and distinguish various linguistic structures such as synonyms, antonyms, and metaphor. According to Mildred L. Larsen, a translator must consider three aspects; a). differences in characteristics of language, b). sort out the confusion between the source language and its target, c). recognize the differences in the context of the uses of each word. Last but not least, the authors expect no results for translations of the Qur’an which maintained the validity – at least approached with the intention of the verses of the Qur’an – so it helps to understand the Qur’an properly. For that, the authors suggested, there needs to be a special team consisting of language experts and competent to translate the Qur’an in a collocation and groups.

Etika Politik dalam Perspektif al-Mawardi Rashda Diana; Siswanto Masruri; Surwandono Surwandono
TSAQAFAH Vol 14, No 2 (2018): Islam and Spirituality
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

In this era, political ethics seems to be no longer valid, but it is almost disappeared. The reality shows that politics is a place for fighting of powers and interests, so that there is a general tendency to justify any means to achieve goals. Political pragmatism has corrupted the political ethics of politicians. One of them is money politics applied by many politicians which could not educate people and should become a bad example of politics. Actually, the politicians should be good examples for the people. Therefore, a politician must make political ethics a benchmark of orientation and a normative view to carry out dignified power. The authors tried to explain the thoughts of al-Mawardi, a Muslim thinker who discussed political ethics in depth in order to solve political problems faced by the people today, then the ethical and dignified Islamic politics could possibly be applied. The political ethics described and built by al-Mawardi is ideal rebuild a better political life. In his ethical concept, al-Mawardi always stressed the necessity of a ruler to always obey the ethical and moral values that have been explained in the Qur’an and Sunnah. So, al-Mawardi tried to provide a solution to fix the condition of the people as well as to maintain political stability.

Kritik Terhadap Paham Liberalisasi Syariat Islam Nirwan Syafrin
TSAQAFAH Vol 5, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

The movement of liberalism in Islamic world at the time being has made the Islamic syari’ah as the object of criticism which must be banned because it considered as the problem of history. Strangely, they always proud on what they have done as interpretation and renovation. In Indonesia liberalism movement factually not without the chesing scenario of politics and world intellects. It is really difficult to avoid the influence of America and its campaign against terrorism in this movement. They try to raise a positive image then what has been presented by the groups of radicalism, fundamentalism, and conservatism, they seem like to change this image, but finally they changed their own image which tend to be more Westernised than the West itself. At least there are three categories, the argumentation of the liberalist against the enforcement of Islamic syariat, that is: historical argumentation, with consideration on Shariah purposes and human right. This article elaborates the position of liberalism view in contemporary Islamic thought, retrieves the process of liberalism in the view of Syari’ah modernisation and criticism toward argumentations of liberalists.

Urgensi Tauhid dalam Membangun Epistemologi Islam Bambang Irawan
TSAQAFAH Vol 7, No 2 (2011): Islamic Theology
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

The reform efforts undertaken by contemporary Muslim thinkers have so far not been able to alter significantly the presence of Muslim which seems in the shadow of western progress in the context of science. This condition is due to the effect of undermining of Western thought through their epistemology packaging. Of course, we cannot blame the West as they have their own paradigm which is different with the Islamic paradigm in developing knowledge. Accordingly, the questions arise: why Muslim scholars are not working hard to build an epistemology that carries the message of monotheism; why they are hurry to accept the truth of Western epistemology without a fundamental review on revelation, so they become loyal followers of Western theories and concepts. Thus, the greatest challenge for Muslim scientists today is how to find a comprehensive formulation of the various theories of knowledge that can be accepted by all people, so that Islamic science is not only free from the shadow of imperialism of Western epistemology, but is able to reflect in a concrete concept of Islam as ‘rahmatan lil ‘alamin’. This paper seeks to reorient the meaning of monotheism in the development epistemology of science which is featured with theocentric-humanism, that is, in addition to spiritual oriented (tawhid) it is also able to accommodate the interests of human beings (amal).Dalam konteks ilmu pengetahuan, upaya reformasi yang dilakukan oleh pemikir Muslim kontemporer sejauh ini belum mampu mengubah secara signifikan bayang-bayang kemajuan Barat. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh efek pemikiran Barat yang dikemas dalam epistemologi mereka. Tentu saja, kita tidak bisa menyalahkan Barat karena mereka memiliki paradigma dan tolok ukur sendiri yang berbeda dengan paradigma Islam dalam mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan. Dengan demikian, pertanyaan yang muncul, mengapa sarjana Muslim tidak bekerja keras untuk membangun sebuah epistemologi yang membawa pesan tauhid, mengapa mereka terburu-buru untuk menerima kebenaran epistemologi Barat tanpa melakukan telaah berdasar pada wahyu, sehingga mereka menjadi pengikut setia teori dan konsep Barat. Dengan demikian, tantangan terbesar bagi para ilmuwan Islam saat ini adalah bagaimana menemukan formulasi yang komprehensif dari berbagai teori pengetahuan yang bisa diterima oleh semua orang, sehingga ilmu Islam tidak hanya bebas dari bayang-bayang imperialisme epistemologi Barat, namun mampu secara total mencerminkan konsep yang konkret, tentamg Islam sebagai obor penerang (huda) yang dibawa oleh Rasulullah sebagai ‘rahmatan lil’ alamin’. Tulisan ini berusaha untuk melakukan re-oreintasi dan rethinking makna tauhid dalam perkembangan epistemologi ilmu pengetahuan yang ditampilkan bersamaan dengan aspek teosentris-humanisme, yaitu, selain berorientasi pada aspek spiritual (tauhid) juga mampu mengakomodasi kepentingan manusia (amal).

Menelusuri Historisitas Pembentukan Hukum Islam: Menggagas Yurisprudensi Islam Indonesia Muhammad Yusuf
TSAQAFAH Vol 8, No 2 (2012): Islamic Jurisprudence
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

The Islamic law and its existence can not be separated from the socio- historical factors surrounding the scholars of fiqh in producing islamic law. Variety of environmental and socio-political context contributed significantly in shaping patterns of Islamic legal thought. In fact, judging from the relationship between the political (power) with the occurance of laws there are a number of correralion indicators. It is likely a madhhab develop because of political support. When a madhhab ruling the other madhhab highly susceptible to hard resistance. Indeed, ideally fiqh should be able to provide answers to a variety of empirical facts on the various issues. And, fiqh in Indonesia should not simply adopt the products of classical period only, but need to develop and articulate the contemporary context based on the empirical facts. Internal understanding of the diversity of Indonesian Muslims is also a consideration in producing fiqh other than social facts. With the principle of unity in things agreed, and tolerant of things that are not agreed upon, particularly with regard to the furu’iyat. Fiqh as a product of thought influenced by the socio-historical conditions of society should not be seen as absolute. Now, need to show that penetrates all aspects of jurisprudence and responded critically on contemporary issues that continue to vary and evolve.

الهلال في القرآن: تسمية الهلال وتطورها عند علماء التفسير المتقدمين والمعاصرين على وجه الموضوعي Fahmi Fatwa Rosyadi Satria Hamdani; Alhamuddin Alhamuddin; Putra Bagus Mochammad
TSAQAFAH Vol 12, No 2 (2016): Qur'anic Studies
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

A moon (qamar) is one of the heavens rotates the earth whose appearance changes keep pace with the sidereal and synodic movements. The movements provide significant impact on determining the first day of months in Qamariah calendar. Disagreement in determining the first day of months in Qamariah may be caused by differences in comprehending the first visible crescent moon (hilâl). The objective of the research is to provide understanding about the meanings of hilâl in the Qur’an verses and its implication in determining the first day of months in Qamariah. Thematic method in this research is used to gather the Qur’an verses containing the word “qamar” and “ahillah”, and the verses those are related to determination of the first day of months in Qamariah calendar, arrange them into chronological order and deepen the analysis using astronomical approach. The results show that hilâl is a part of phases of the moon appears in the first two or three nights and last of the month. And yet the hilâl that can be a reference in determining the first day of month is the crescent moon phase that first appears after conjuncture. The implication of hilâl meanings in determining the first day of months in qamariah makes a sign for humans to determine their times for prayers and social activities such as beginning and ending fasting of Ramadan, determining time for pilgrimage (ḥajj), determining ‘iddah period for Muslim women, purchase and sale, rental, cropping, and making arrangement or agreement.

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Contact Name
Muhammad Nugraha

Contact Email
nugraha.muhammad@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
nugraha.muhammad@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kab. ponorogo,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA