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Menara Perkebunan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

ISSN : 01259318 EISSN : 18583768 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Menara Perkebunan as a communication medium for research in estate crops published articles covering original research result on the pre- and post-harvest biotechnology of estate crops. The contents of the articles should be directed for solving the problems of production and/or processing of estate crops of smallholder, private plantations and state-owned estates, based on the three dedications of plantation. Analyses of innovative research methods and techniques in biotechnology, which are important for advancing agricultural research. Critical scientific reviews of research result in agricultural and estate biotechnology.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 541 Documents

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Establishment of Hevea brasiliensis lines overexpressing genes involved in ethylene signalling pathway Retno LESTARI; Maryannick RIO; Florence MARTIN; Julie LECLERCQ; Florence DESSAILLY; . SUHARSONO; Pascal MONTORO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 84, No 1: Oktober 2016
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

The gaseous plant hormone ethylene has a wide variety of applications in agriculture and horticulture. Ethylene Response Factors (ERF) are the last transcription factors of the ethylene signalling pathway and control a large number of ethylene-responsive genes. Two Hevea brasiliensis ERF, HbERF-IXc4 and HbERF-IXc5, are orthologs to ERF1 a key regulator at the crosstalk of ethylene and jasmonate signalling pathways. These genes were suggested to play an important role in regulating latex cell metabolism in response to tapping and ethephon stimulation. In this study, transgenic lines overexpressing HbERF-IXc4 and HbERF-IXc5 under control of 35S CaMV and HEV2.1 promoter have been conducted. Transgenic Hevea lines were obtained by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation. The somatic embryogenesis process was affected by these modifications. Agrobacterium tumefaciens genetic transformation procedure has been developed from friable callus line for clone PB260. Hevea callus was sub-cultured as small aggregates on paromomycin selection medium. Transgenic callus lines were established from sub-aggregates showing full GFP activity. Ten transgenic lines were confirmed as transgenic by Southern blot hybridization. This result showed successfully establishment of H. brasiliensis transgenic lines. Further plant regeneration and characterization were necessary to understand the function HbERF-IXc4 and HbERF-IXc5 in latex.

The effects of seaweed fertilizer on the growth and productivity of upland rice, maize and oil palm grown in green house Pengaruh pupuk rumput laut terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi gogo, jagung dan kelapa sawit di rumah kaca Djoko SANTOSO; Tetty CHAIDAMSARI; . SYAFARUDDIN; Dedi Soleh EFFENDI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 79, No 2: Desember 2011
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstrakSebagai negara kepulauan di daerah tropis, Indonesiakaya akan sumberdaya alam untuk swasembada pangan.Berjuta-juta hektar lahan di Indonesia ditanami tanamanperkebunan, tanaman tahunan yang memiliki masa juvenilyang relatif lama, terutama tanaman kelapa sawit dan karet.Sementara itu, upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi panganterkendala oleh terbatasnya lahan subur. Penelitian yangmengeksplorasi bioregulator alami mampu meningkatkanproduktivitas tanaman, menemukan bahwa Sargasum sp.,rumput laut tipe liar yang di sepanjang pantai beberapawilayah Indonesia, menunjukkan kemampuannya meningkat-kan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman seperti padi,jagung, tomat dan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit tanpapenambahan pupuk kimia. Percobaan pada padi gogovarietas Batutegi yang ditanam di rumah kaca, menunjuk-kan bahwa bioregulator alami tersebut meningkatkanproduktivitasnya 50% lebih tinggi daripada kontrolnya.Percobaan menggunakan jagung var. Arjuna, tanaman yangtelah diperlakukan dengan bioregulator tersebut mem-produksi dua hingga tiga tongkol, sementara pada tanamankontrol hanya satu tongkol. Percobaan pada tanamankelapa sawit di rumahkaca memperlihatkan bahwa bio-regulator tersebut menginduksi pertumbuhan vegetatifnyasecara signifikan, lebih baik daripada kontrol dengan atautanpa pupuk kimia. Intercropping tanaman kelapa sawitTBM dengan tanaman pangan seperti padi gogo ataujagung, diharapkan lebih menguntungkan bagi usahaperkebunan.AbstractBeing a tropical archipelago, Indonesia is rich withnatural resources enabling more production for food.Millions hectares of Indonesian lands is now planted withestate crops, perennial crops with relatively lengthenjuvenile phase mainly oil palm and rubber. Meanwhile,attempts to increase national food production have beenlimited by availability of fertile lands. Our researchexploring natural bioregulator capable of improving cropproductivity, found that Sargasum sp., a wild sea weedgrown mostly along the coast line in Indonesia, indicated itsability to improve the growth and productivity of crops likerice, maize, tomato and oil palm even though with nochemical fertilizers added. The experiment on upland rice oflocal variety Batutegi planted in greenhouse, demonstratedthe natural bioregulator has increased the rice productivityby at least 50% over the control. The experiment usingmaize var. Arjuna, the bioregulator treated plants has madetwo to three corncobs instead of only one corncob on thecontrol plants. The experiment on the oil palm grown in thenursery showed that the bioregulator has significantlyinduced vegetative growth better than the control with orwithout chemical fertilizers. Intercropping the food crops,rice or maize in the juvenile phase of the oil palmplantations, should be beneficial to the productivity of theplantation.

Embriogenesis somatik dari pucuk tunas tanaman kurma (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Somatic embryogenesis from shoot tip of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)) Rizka Tamania SAPTARI; . SUMARYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 86, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the most important crop in the dry areas of the Middle East and North Africa. This palm has been introduced to many countries but has not been grown commercially in Indonesia. Date palm propaga-tion by seeds is easy but its progenies are varied and a half of them are male trees that will not produce fruits. Meanwhile, the propagation by offshoots is impractical and technically difficult. Tissue culture makes it possible to massproduce of genetically identicalsuperior date palms. This research aimed to develop somatic embryogenesis (SE) of date palm using shoot tipand young leaves of date palm seedling as explants. Steps on somatic embryogenesis are explant sterilization, callus initiation and proliferation, somatic embryos induction and maturation, and plantlets matura-tion and rooting. Calli emerged from shoot tip explants after 9 weeks of culture in a modified MS medium supplemented with 10 mg/L 2,4-D, 1 mg/L or 3 mg/L 2-iP, and 1.5 g/L active charcoal. The callus was able to bear somatic embryo in the modified MS medium without hormones. Somatic embryos then developed into plantlets, and roots of plantlets were effectively initiated in the medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L IBA.[Keywords:sterilization, callogenesis, somatic embryo induction, plantlet rooting, clonal propagation]. Abstrak Tanaman kurma (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) merupakan tanaman terpenting di wilayah kering Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara. Palma ini telah menyebar ke banyak negara, namun belum ditanam secara komersial di Indonesia. Perbanyakan kurma dengan biji sangat mudah tetapi turunannya sangat beragam dan setengahnya merupakan tanaman jantan yang tidak berbuah. Perbanyakan dengan anakan (offshoots) secara komersial tidak praktis dan relatif sulit. Kultur jaringan memungkinkan untuk dihasilkan secara massal bibit tanaman kurma varietas unggul yang secara genetik seragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan embriogenesis somatik menggunakan eksplan pucuk tunasdan daun muda dari bibit tanaman kurma. Pengembangan embriogenesis somatik terdiri dari tahap sterilisasi eksplan, inisiasi dan proliferasi kalus, induksi dan maturasi embrio somatik, serta pembesaran dan pembentukan akar planlet. Kalus terbentuk dari eksplan pucuk tunassetelah 9 minggu dikultur pada medium MS modifikasi yang ditambahkan 2,4-D 10 mg/L, 2-iP 1 mg/L atau 3 mg/L, dan arang aktif 1,5 g/L.Kalus berhasil diinduksi menghasilkanembrio somatik pada medium MS modifikasi tanpa penggunaan hormon. Embrio somatik kemudian berkembang hingga menjadi planlet, dan akar planlet secara efektif terinisiasipada medium yang ditambahkan NAA 0,5 mg/L dan IBA1 mg/L. [Kata kunci :sterilisasi, kalogenesis, induksi embrio somatik, pengakaran planlet, propagasi klonal].

Extraction and characterization of humic acid from plantation’s solid organic waste composts Ekstraksi dan karakterisasi asam humat dari kompos limbah padat organik perkebunan LAKSMITA P.SANTI P SANTI; D H GOENADI; H WIDIASTUTI; N MARDIANA; . ISROI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 68, No 2: Desember 2000
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Ringkasan Kompos dari limbah padat organik (LPO) perkebunan memiliki kandungan asam humat yang relatif tinggi. Namun, metode ekstraksi dan karakteristik asam humat asal kompos tersebut belum banyak diteliti. Oleh karena itu suatu rangkaian penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan memperoleh paket teknologi ekstraksi dan menetapkan karakteristik asam humat asal kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), kulit buah kakao (KBK), dan sisa pangkasan teh (SPT). Pengomposan dilakukan melalui tahapan pengumpulan limbah organik padat perkebunan, pencacahan, pencampuran dengan bioaktivator, inkubasi dan pemanenan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode ekstraksi konvensional dengan larutan NaOH dalam atmosfer udara dapat digunakan untuk ekstraksi skala semi pilot. Jumlah asam humat yang dihasilkan dari kompos asal TKKS dan SPT lebih banyak apabila dibandingkan dengan asam humat asal kompos KBK. Waktu inkubasi pengomposan dan metode ekstraksi dengan gas N2 atau udara yang digunakan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap perolehan asam humat. Pemurnian asam humat asal ketiga jenis LPO perkebunan dengan menggunakan kolom Sephadex G-50 mengindikasikan bahwa asam humat asal kompos TKKS, KBK, dan SPT tersebut memiliki fraksi bobot molekul rendah serta didominasi oleh asam amino aspartat dan glutamat. Konsentrasi asam amino dan senyawa karboksilat tertinggi terdeteksi pada asam humat asal kompos SPT. Summary The plantation’s solid organic waste (SOW) composts contain relatively high humic acid (HA) substances. However, there is little information on extraction and characteristics of HA from the SOW-originated composts. An investigation has been conducted to determine extraction and characterisation of HA from empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFBOP), cocoa pod husks (CPH), and tea cutting residues (TCR). Composting was conducted using the method that involved SOW collection, shredding, mixing with bioactivator, incubation, and harvesting. The results showed that conventional extraction method using NaOH solution under air atmosphere could be used for pilot scale extraction of humic acids (Has). Amount of humic acid from EFBOP and TCR were higher than that of CPH. The composting period and the extraction method under air or N2 gas were not significantly affected the amount of the humid acid obtained. Purification of HA extracted from EFBOP, TCR, and CPH composts by using Sephadex G-50 column indicated that EFBOP, TCR, and CPH contained HAs with lower molecular weight fractions and predominated by aspartic and glutamic acids. The highest concentration of amino acids and carboxyl compounds were detected in the TCR-originated compost

Evaluasi 18 primer SSR untuk pengembangan sidikjari DNA tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) Evaluation of 18 SSR primers to develop DNA fingerprint of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) Asmini BUDIANI; Sekar WOELAN; Hayati MINARSIH; . NUHAIMI-HARIS; Riza Arief PUTRANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 82, No 2: Desember 2014
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Abstract Breeding program of rubber tree to produce elite clones is hampered by the length of selection cycles. On the other hand, attempts to increase production by extensification of the plantation area is also facing a problem from the availability of the rootstock, causing the occurence of fake clones without any information of their origin. Therefore, the availability of molecular markers to be used as DNA fingerprint of rubber tree clones is needed. This will help the breeder to shorten the length of selection program and to identify the purity of the clone. This research was aimed to evaluate 18 SSR primer pairs that had been published to identify 17 rubber clones. Pure genomic DNAs were isolated from 17 clones, followed by experiment to optimize annealing tempe-rature for each primer to obtain the best amplification product. Initially, the PCR product was run in both the agarose and polyacrylamide gels. However, the analysis of all PCR products were then conducted on SDS polyacrylamide gel, since this gel can separate DNA fragments with only a few bases differences. The results showed that 14 clones have been identified specifically using 11 primers. Four out of 18 primer pairs used could identify 12 rubber tree clones, which are PR 107, PR 261, SP 217, PB 330, PB 340, IRR 5, IRR 112, IRR 118, IRR 220, GT 1, BPM 101 and RRIM 712. Each clone can be distinguished from each other using only one primer pair. Identification of the other tree clones (PB 5/51, PB 260, and RRIC 110) has to be conducted by combining the several PCR products using different primer pairs. Although these results showed that SSR markers had high potential to be used as DNA fingerprint on rubber tree clones, the set of the primer pairs should be tested among other clones, as well as other SSR primers should be tested to identify the clones which could not be identified using the 18 primer pairs in this experiment.Abstrak Pemuliaan tanaman karet untuk menghasilkan klon-klon unggul baru menghadapi masalah lamanya siklus seleksi. Di sisi lain, upaya peningkatan produksi melalui pembukaan lahan baru, juga terkendala oleh ketersediaan bibit, yang memicu beredarnya bibit palsu, yang umumnya tidak jelas asal usulnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan ketersediaan marka yang dapat digunakan sebagai sidikjari DNA bagi klon-klon tanaman karet yang ada, sehingga dapat membantu mempercepat proses seleksi dan mengetahui kemurnian bibit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi 18 primer SSR yang telah dipublikasikan untuk mengidentifikasi 17 klon karet. DNA yang murni diisolasi dari 17 klon, kemudian dilakukan optimasi suhu annealing untuk setiap jenis primer agar diperoleh hasil amplifikasi terbaik. Pada awal percobaan hasil PCR dicek pada gel agarosa dan gel poliakrilamida, namun analisis untuk seluruh hasil PCR dilakukan pada gel SDS poliakrilamid, karena gel ini secara nyata dapat memisahkan fragmen DNA yang hanya berbeda beberapa basa. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa 14 klon dapat diidentifikasi secara spesifik menggunakan 11 primer. Empat dari 18 pasang primer yang diuji dapat mengidentifikasi 12 klon yang dianalisis, yaitu PR 107, PR 261, SP 217, PB 330, PB 340,. IRR 5, IRR 112, IRR 118, IRR 220, GT 1, BPM 101 dan RRIM 712. Masing-maing klon tersebut dapat dibedakan dari klon lainnya hanya dengan menggunakan satu jenis primer. Sedangkan identifikasi tiga klon lainnya (PB 5/51, PB 260, dan RRIC110) harus dilakukan dengan menggabungkan hasil PCR menggunakan beberapa primer. Meskipun hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa marka SSR sangat berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai sidikjari DNA klon-klon karet, namun primer yang sama perlu diuji untuk klon-klon lainnya. Demikian pula primer lain perlu diuji untuk mengidentifikasi klon-klon yang belum teridentifikasi menggunakan 18 primer dalam penelitian ini.

Perbaikan tanah melalui mediasi hayati [Bio-mediated soil improvement] Didiek H GOENADI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 85, No 1 (2017): April, 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Soil properties unsuitable to support physical requirements oftenly become problems in utilizing it for agricultural as well as construction purposes. Most common practice to overcome the problems is by applying chemical agent which are not only expensive but also un-enviromentally friendly. Therefore, it is imperative to seek a new, sustainable, and innovative technology to improve mechanical soil properties. Many researches gave opportunity to utilize microbes for this idea. However, the direct application of this technology faces some handicaps in the field, i.e. soil and pore fluid interaction, bio-augmentation verses bio-stimulation of microbial community, controlled distribution of bio-mediated calcite precipitation, and permanence cementation. This article aims at providing a general overview regarding technological development to improve soil mechanical properties suitable for construction by applying microbes.

Pengembangan penanda molekuler untuk deteksi Phytophthora palmivora pada tanaman kakao Development of molecular marker for the detection of Phytophthora palmivora in cacao T W DARMONO; Ilyas JAMIL; Dwi Andreas SANTOSA
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 74, No 2: Desember 2006
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Summary Pod rot is one of the most important diseases in cacao. This disease could be incited by Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya, P. capsici or P. citrophthora. The causal agent of pod rot disease in cacao in Indonesia is known to be P. palmivora. The success of pod rot disease management is partly depend on the success of efforts in reducing the quantity and quality of the disease inoculum above and below soil surface. Provision of molecular-based detection system would improve the accuracy of determination of these two parameters. The objective of this experiment was to develop a pair of primers that could be used to specifically amplify rDNA fragments of P. palmivora associated with pod rot disease in cacao. Design of these primers was made based on the DNA sequence of rDNA fragment amplified using a pair of universal primers ITS4/ITS5. Regions showing high degree of dissimilarity among species of Phytophthora and high degree of similarity within the same species of P. palmivora were determined through DNA alignment. Specific forward primer (DTF) 5¢-CTT AGT TGG GGG TCT CTT TC-3¢ and reverse primer (Ilyas1R) 5¢-GTT CAC CAA TCA TAC CAC C-3¢ were obtained. This pair of primers had been proven to specifically amplify only rDNA fragment, approximately 650 bp, of P. palmivora associated with pod rot disease and stem canker in cacao.Ringkasan Penyakit busuk buah merupakan salah satu penyakit terpenting pada tanaman kakao. Penyakit ini dapat disebabkan oleh Phytoph-thora palmivora, P. megakarya, P. capsici atau P. citrophthora. Di Indonesia busuk buah disebabkan oleh P. palmivora. Keberhasilan pengendalian penyakit busuk buah salah satunya tergantung kepada keberhasilan penekanan kuantitas dan kualitas inokulum baik yang berada di atas maupun di bawah permukaan tanah. Tersedianya perangkat deteksi molekuler akan sangat membantu dalam upaya penetapan kedua parameter ter-sebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengem-bangkan satu pasang primer yang secara spesifik mampu mengamplifikasi hanya fragmen rDNA P. palmivora yang berkaitan dengan busuk buah kakao. Desain primer dilakukan dengan mengacu kepada sekuen rDNA yang diamplifikasi dengan pasangan primer universal ITS4/ITS5. Daerah yang menunjukkan urutan basa dengan tingkat keragaman yang tinggi antar spesies Phytoph-thora dan yang menunjukkan tingkat kesamaan tinggi dalam satu spesies P. palmivora yang sama ditelusuri melalui penjajaran DNA. Hasil desain primer diperoleh primer forward (DTF) 5¢-CTT AGT TGG GGG TCT CTT TC-3¢ dan reverse (Ilyas1R) 5¢-GTT CAC CAA TCA TAC CAC C-3¢. Pasangan primer DTF dan Ilyas1R ini hanya mampu mengamplifikasi fragmen rDNA berukuran 650 bp dari P. palmivora penyebab penyakit buah dan kanker batang kakao.

Biokonversi minyak sawit kasar menggunakan desaturase amobil sistem curah pada skala semipilot Bioconversion of crude palm oil using immobilized desaturase in batch system at semi pilot scale . TRI-PANJI; . SUHARYANTO; . GUNAWAN; Khaswar SYAMSU
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 73, No 2: Desember 2005
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

SummaryIncreasing unsaturation level of crude oilpalm (CPO) could be carried out by usingdesaturase enzyme of Absidia corymbifera. Thisbiocatalyst could also produce polyunsaturatedfatty acids (PUFA) such as gamma linolenic acidthat beneficial for healthy oil. The objective ofthis research was to determine the optimumcontact time and ratio of immobilized desaturaseenzyme-substrate in batch system at semi pilotscale (5,000-15,000 mL). Desaturase wasextracted from A. corymbifera biomass andimmobilized on activated zeolite (3-6 mm).Immobilized enzymes were then used forbioconversion process in batch system by mixingthe enzyme with CPO in a bottle placedhorizontally then rotated using a rotator machineat room temperature (25-30 o C). The resultshowed that optimum contact time with ratioimmobilized enzyme-substrate 1:1; 1:2; and 1:3were 30, 40, and 50 min resulted in increasingiodine number 2.84; 3.94; and 4.46 g I 2 /100 gCPO, respectively. An optimum enzyme-subtrateratio was achieved at 1:2, resulted in increasingof iodine number 9-11 g I 2 /100 g CPO, productrecovery of 17,000 mL (21 batches) up to 18 hours. It was detected that active desaturasesduring CPO bioconversion were  6 ,  9 , and  12 desaturases as shown by the increase of oleic(4.5%), linoleic (0,85%) and linolenic acids(60.7%).RingkasanPeningkatan ketidakjenuhan minyak sawitkasar (crude palm oil, CPO) dapat dilakukandengan enzim desaturase Absidia corymbifera.Biokatalis ini juga mampu menghasilkan asamlemak tidak jenuh majemuk (polyunsaturatedfatty acids, PUFA) yang bermanfaat untukkesehatan seperti asam gamma linolenat (GLA).Tujuan penelitian adalah menetapkan waktukontak dan nisbah enzim desaturase amobil-substrat optimum dalam sistem curah pada skalasemipilot (5.000-15.000 mL). Desaturase di-ekstraksi dari biomassa A. corymbifera dandiamobilisasi pada zeolite (3-6 mm) yang telahdiaktivasi. Enzim amobil kemudian digunakanuntuk proses biokonversi dalam sistem curahdengan cara mencampurkan dengan CPO dalambotol yang diletakkan secara horizontal kemudiandiputar dengan mesin rotator pada suhu ruang(25-30 o C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwawaktu kontak optimum enzim desaturase-substratdengan nisbah 1:1; 1:2; dan 1:3 adalah 30, 40,dan 50 menit dan menghasilkan peningkatanbilangan iod berturut-turut sebesar 2,84; 3,94;dan 4,46 g I 2 /100 g CPO. Nisbah enzim-substratoptimum dalam proses biokonversi CPO adalah1:2 yang menghasilkan peningkatan bilangan iod9-11 g I 2 /100 g CPO dan perolehan produk17.000 mL (21 kali curah) selama 18 jampemakaian. Penelitian juga dapat mendeteksibahwa desaturase yang aktif selama prosesbiokonversi CPO adalah  6 ,  9 , dan  12desaturase yang ditunjukkan oleh peningkatanasam oleat (4,5%), linoleat (0,85%) dan linolenat(60,7%).

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting for detection of antigenic proteins from natural rubber latex Gel elektroforesis 2-dimensi dan imunobloting untuk deteksi protein antigen dari lateks karet alam . Siswanto
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 80, No 2: Desember 2012
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstrakLateks karet alam banyak digunakan untuk produksi peralatan medis, industri dan rumah tangga. Reaksi alergi yang disebabkan oleh protein asal lateks telah banyak dilaporkan terutama berkaitan dengan penggunaan sarung tangan asal karet alam. Namun tidak semua jenis protein dari karet alam bisamenyebabkan alergi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeteksi jenis protein antigenik yang berasal dari karet alam menggunakan teknik imunobloting. Protein diekstrak dari tiga fraksi sentrifugasi lateks (serum B sebagai fraksi dasar, serum C atau serum sitosolik sebagai fase tengah dan partikel karet sebagai fase atas) dan tujuh jenis sarung tangan komersial, kemudian dipisahkan berdasarkan berat molekulnya melalui Gel elektroforesis 1-D (SDS PAGE) dan 2-D. Selanjutnya untuk deteksi protein antigenik secara immuno-chemiluminescense dilakukan imunobloting menggunakan IgG antibodi poliklonal anti protein lateks dari kelinci putih New Zealand dan diwarnai dengan Sypro Ruby protein blot fluorescence. Hasil imunobloting menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua protein serum C dan serum B bersifat antigenik. Terdapat lebih dari 14 spot protein antigenik yang terdeteksi dari serum C pada posisi pI antara pH 4,2 s/d pH 6,8, serta lebih dari 16 spot protein antigenik yang terdeteksi pada serum B dengan pI antara pH 5,5 s/d pH 7,0. Protein yang bersifat antigenik dalam serum C a.l: dengan BM 43 kDa diduga Hev b 7,01, BM 22 kDa adalah Hev b 3 dan BM 15 kDa adalah Hev b 8. Sedangkan protein antigenik dalam serum B dengan BM 42 kDa diduga adalah Hev b 10, dan BM 39 kDa adalah Hev b 2. Protein yang bersifat antigenik pada sarung tangan yang terdeteksi dengan IgG kelinci anti serum-C antara lain Hev b 5 dengan BM 14 kDa, Hev b 1 (BM 10 kDa), Hev b 6.03 (BM 18 dan 19 kDa), dan Hev b9 (BM 55 kDa). Sedangkan yang terdeteksi dengan antibodi IgG anti serum B antara lain Hev b 6.02 dengan BM 7 kDa, serta Hev b 10 (BM 46 kDa) dan Hev b9 (BM 55 kDa). AbstractNatural rubber latex is widely used for the production of medical, industrial and household devices. Allergic reactions caused by latex proteins have been reported primarily related with the use of natural rubber gloves. However, not all types of proteins from natural rubber can cause allergies. This study was conducted to detect the type of antigenic proteins derived from natural rubber with immunobloting techniques. Proteins were extracted from three fractions of latex centrifugation (Bserum as bottom fractions, C-serum or cytosolic serum asmiddle phase and rubber particles as upper phase) and seven types of commercial gloves, then separated by molecular weight through 1-D gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and 2-D. Detection of antigenic protein byimmuno-chemiluminescense, was performed by immunoblotting using polyclonal antibody IgG anti-protein latex from New Zealand white rabbits and stained withSypro Ruby protein blot fluorescence. Immunobloting results indicate that not all proteins from C-serum and Bserum were antigenic. More than 14 antigenic protein spots were detected in the samples of C-serum at pI between pH 4.2 to pH 6.8, and more than 16 antigenic protein spots were detected in the samples of B-serum at pI between pH 5.5 to pH 7.0. Antigenic proteins detected in C-serum were MW 43 kDa suspected as Hev b 7:01, MW 22 kDa was Hev b 3 and MW 15 kDa was Hev b 8. While the antigenic protein detected in B-serumwith MW 42 kDa was suspected as Hev b 10, and protein with MW 39 kDa was Hev b 2. Antigenic proteins detected on the rubber gloves with rabbit IgG anti-Cserum were Hev b 5 with MW 14 kDa, Hev b 1 (MW 10 kDa), Hev b 6:03 (MW 18 and 19 kDa), and Hev b9 (MW 55 kDa). Whereas antigenic protein of rubbergloves detected with IgG anti-B serum were Hev b 6:02 with MW 7 kDa, and Hev b 10 (46 kDa) and Hev b9 (MW 55 kDa).

Pemanfaatan bioinformatika dalam bidang pertanian dan kesehatan (The utilization of bioinformatics in the field of agriculture and health) Arli Aditya PARIKESIT; Dito ANUROGO; Riza A PUTRANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 85, No 2 (2017): Oktober 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i2.237

Bioinformatics can be used to manage the data storage resulted from in silico molecular biology experiments. Off-network (offline) applications require large computing resources, in which researchers in the bioinformatics field of agriculture and health sectors do not necessarily possess. This review paper addressed examples of affordable and applicable in silico analytical cases in both mentioned sectors. Genome sequence analysis and in silico drug design using (1) a computational method, pharmacokinetic parameter prediction, (2) Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD) technology, (3) potential protein action prediction, (4) OMICs application in stem cell biology, and (5) lncRNAs based database computing internet sites is one of examples. In agriculture, bioinformatics-based research has been used in (1) the development of molecular markers; (2) the design of primer for differential gene expression analysis; (3) the development of genetic maps; and (4) gene expression analysis. Further application of bioinformatics also targets the design of applicative products for pest control and the protection of plant varieties in the farm. Through this example, novice researchers in the bioinformatics field of agriculture and health sectors can conduct sophisticated research using standard computer tools, internet networks, and sufficient knowledge about bioinformatics. On the other hand, multidisciplinary collaboration between these scientists can be carried out through social networking. The synergy can be directed to improve computing capabilities and data analysis via procurement of computing resources and use of public information clusters. [Key words: genome sequences, in silico drug design, online, bioinformatics, health, agriculture.] AbstrakBioinformatika dapat digunakan dalam manajemen informasi di bidang penyimpanan data in silico dari eksperimen biologi molekuler. Aplikasi luar jaringan (luring) memerlukan sumber daya komputasi yang besar, yang belum tentu dimiliki oleh para peneliti dalam bidang bioinformatika kesehatan dan pertanian. Kajian ilmiah ini membahas contoh kasus analisis in silico yang terjangkau dan aplikatif dalam bidang kesehatan dan pertanian. Contoh kasus tersebut adalah analisis sekuen genom dan desain obat in silico, menggunakan pendekatan metode komputasional, prediksi parameter farmakokinetik, teknologi Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD), prediksi potensial aksi protein, aplikasi OMICs pada biologi sel punca, hingga komputasi basis data lncRNAs berbasis situs internet. Pada bidang pertanian, penelitian berbasis bioinformatika telah digunakan dalam (1) pengembangan penanda molekuler; (2) desain primer untuk analisis ekspresi gen diferensial; (3) pengembangan peta genetik; dan (4) analisis ekspresi gen. Pemanfaatan bio-informatika dalam ilmu terapan dibidang pertanian juga menyasar desain produk aplikatif untuk pengendalian hama dan perlindungan varietas tanaman. Melalui contoh tersebut, peneliti pemula dibidang bioinformatika kesehatan dan pertanian dapat melakukan penelitian canggih hanya dengan alat komputer standar, jaringan internet, dan pengetahuan mencukupi tentang bioinformatika. Disisi lain, sinergi dan kolaborasi antar peneliti multi-displiner dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan jejaring sosial. Sinergi tersebut dapat diarahkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komputasi dan analisis data melalui pengadaan sumber daya komputasi dan penggunaan klaster informatika publik.[Kata kunci: sekuen genom, desain obat in silico, daring, bioinformatika, kesehatan, pertanian]

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Contact Name Hayati Minarsih

Contact Email menaraperkebunanppbbi@gmail.org

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Journal Mail Official menaraperkebunan@iribb.org

Editorial Address Jalan Taman Kencana No.1 Bogor 16128, Jawa Barat

Location Kab. bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Hayati Minarsih

Contact Email
menaraperkebunanppbbi@gmail.org

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
menaraperkebunan@iribb.org

Editorial Address
Jalan Taman Kencana No.1 Bogor 16128, Jawa Barat

Location
Kab. bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA