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Menara Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
ISSN : 01259318     EISSN : 18583768     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Menara Perkebunan as a communication medium for research in estate crops published articles covering original research result on the pre- and post-harvest biotechnology of estate crops. The contents of the articles should be directed for solving the problems of production and/or processing of estate crops of smallholder, private plantations and state-owned estates, based on the three dedications of plantation. Analyses of innovative research methods and techniques in biotechnology, which are important for advancing agricultural research. Critical scientific reviews of research result in agricultural and estate biotechnology.
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Articles 541 Documents
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Application of organic fungicide in controlling basal stem rot disease for mature oil palm Happy WIDIASTUTI; Hayati MINARSIH; Djoko SANTOSO; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Galuh Wening PERMATASARI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 1 (2020): April, 2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (200.537 KB) | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i1.368

Abstract

Ganoderma is a major pathogen in oil palm crops. Some efforts related to control the growth of Ganoderma have been conducted but still have not found an effective method. This study aims to develop an organic fungicide that has been tested in vitro, which effective in controlling the growth of Ganoderma. The optimization carried out includes the determination of the dose and time interval for application in 13-year-old mature oil palm. This organic fungicide application was the continuation of application during the previous year especially for the two best treatment which is application organic fungicide every week (1w) and every two weeks (2w). In this study, the treatments tested were three levels dose of organic fungicide (0, 1x and 2x) and two types of frequency application, i.e. every week (1w) and every other week (2w). The results showed that the best application of organic fungicides was every week application with twice doses (1w.2x), based on the parameters of the inhibition of Ganoderma’s fruiting body formation, primary and secondary root formation, the opening of spear leaves, and harvesting parameters. The application of organic fungicide able to recover the oil palm infected Ganoderma sp., with increasing the fresh fruit bunch and its weight around 70% and 78%, respectively.
Changes in chemical constituents and overall acceptability of papaya jam fortified with soya protein during storage Dimas Bayu PINANDOYO; Arisadi MASNAR
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 1 (2020): April, 2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i1.361

Abstract

Processed fruit products commonly contain very low protein due to the heat treatment during processing period. This article presents the researchresults concerning the increase of nutrition value of papaya jam fortified with soya protein concentrate. Papaya jam prepared with ratio 40:1, 40:2, 40:3, 40:4, and 40:5 (v/v) of papaya pulp and soya protein concentrate. The treatment of papaya jam and soya protein with the highest acceptability was then analyzed for the changes in chemical constituents and overall acceptability at monthly interval during three months of storage. The parameters that being analyzed were moisture content, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, total and reducing sugars, non-enzymatic browning, acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoid, total phenol, crude protein, and total plate count.  The results showed that fortified papaya jams prepared with papaya pulp and soy protein concentrate ratio at 40:1 had the highest acceptability. During storage time it revealed that moisture content, TSS, pH, total and reducing sugars, and non-enzymatic browning increased, while acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, phenols, total antioxidants and crude protein contents of jam decreased. Fortification of papaya jam with soya protein concentrate (40:1 v/v) increased crude protein content on average from 3.15% to 4.16%. Total plate count (TPC) indicated that no microbial contamination during 3 months storage period. It can be concluded that papaya jam fortified with soya protein concentrate remained acceptable during storage although the acceptability decreased over time.
Recent studies of synthetic antibody-based 3-MCPD determination technology Hasim MUNAWAR; Prima LUNA; Irma KRESNAWATY; Happy WIDIASTUTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 1 (2021): April, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i1.402

Abstract

3-Chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as carcinogenic material. 3-MCPD will also become one of the European Union's requirements, proposing the maximum level of the 3-MCPD in palm oil until 2.5 ppm. Although the reported technologies GCMS and HPLC-FLD demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity on 3-MCPD determination, those technologies invest in chemical and time-consuming sample preparation and analysis. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), or a synthetic antibody, can be used to recognize 3-MCPD. MIP is more robust under extreme environments such as temperature and pH. This paper, therefore, aims to discuss the application of MIP on sample extraction and analysis to detect 3-MCPD. MIP is synthesized by polymerization of functional monomers surrounding 3-MCPD as a template. 3-MCPD is then removed from the MIP, leaving active cavities. Thus, these sites can either covalently or non-covalently rebind to 3-MCPD. Computational or empirical studies could investigate the composition of MIP. MIP can be manufactured as MIP-based solid phase extraction (MIPSPE) and MIP-based sensor. Both applications showed significant analytical parameters, such as recovery higher than 90% and detection limit lower than 2.5 ppm.  Therefore, the application of MIP can be flexible for sample preparation and analysis on the 3-MCPD determination. MIP-based technology would be a prospective instrument to detect 3-MCPD.  In the future, producing MIP on an industrial scale will be a challenge to monitor the 3-MCPD level in palm oil.
Enhanced solubilization of insoluble silicate from quartz and zeolite minerals by selected Aspergillus and Trichoderma species Laksmita Prima SANTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 2 (2020): Oktober,2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i2.381

Abstract

Silicon (Si) is a major component of sand, silt and clay particles of soils. Available silica as silicic acid (H4SiO4) present in soil solution is considerably low, only in the range of 3.5–40.0 mg Si L-1. To improve plant-available Si in the soil, silicate-solubilizing fungi (SSF) are potentially important in solubilizing insoluble forms of silicate (SiO2). The objectives of this study were to determine silicate solubilizing capacity and organic acid produced by seven SSF isolates on Bunt and Rovira media by using 0.25% (w/v) magnesium trisilicate (Mg2O8Si3), quartz, and zeolite as a silica source. Determination of SSF isolates potential in Si solubilization was carried out in a completely randomized design with three silica sources and three replicates. The results indicated that all SSF were capable of producing acetic, citrate, and oxalic acids and enhancing the solubilization of insoluble silicates. Trichoderma polysporum and Aspergillus niger BCCF194 were the best isolates of SSF. Furthermore, there was significantly (p<0.05) positive correlation between solubilizing silicate capacity by using quartz or zeolite as a silica source on Bunt and Rovira media with incubation time (R2 = 0.79-0.99) and citric acid production (R2= 0.97-0.99) from T. polysporum and A. niger BCCF194
Genetic relationships in Saccharum complex germplasm collections based on morphological and molecular markers Wiwit Budi WIDYASARI; . DAMANHURI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 1 (2021): April, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i1.421

Abstract

Sugarcane has a high degree of heterozygosity and is a cross-pollinator, so information about the genetic relationship between the accessions in germplasm collections is very important for selecting the prospective parent in crossbreeding. This research aims to determine the phylogenetic relationship of 24 Saccharum complex accessions and to verify the grouping of accessions using 37 morphological and three microsatellite molecular markers. Interpretation of morphological and molecular data was obtained from the analysis using the NTYSYpc-2.02i program. The results show that within the 24 accessions analyzed using morphological markers, some accessions did not cluster as the classification at the conservation time. This difference is due to the morphological markers, so the value of genetic similarity among accessions analyzed is increased. In contrast, the grouping of molecular markers shows that each accession was grouped according to the classification at the conservation time. These accessions had a low genetic similarity of 0.20 with a broad genetic distance of 0.80. This broad genetic distance indicates that the twenty-four accessions have a distant genetic relationship with one another, so that the genetic diversity of these accessions is relatively high. The high genetic diversity in germplasm collections improves its potential as a crossing parent to obtain a high heterosis effect.
Analisis ko-ekspresi gen-gen regulasi upstream dari gen Dehydrin di tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan Hayati MINARSIH; Jembar PAMBUDI; Riza Arief PUTRANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 2 (2020): Oktober,2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i2.396

Abstract

Sugarcane plantations in Indonesia have been expanded and shifted to the marginal land characterized by long drought period, therefore, an attempt has been initiated to generate drought tolerance varieties through genetic engineering. It could be conducted by inserting the gene that involve in plant adaptation response to drought stress such as dehydrin (DHN) into sugarcane genome. The promoter of sugarcane DHN gene was isolated and transformed into sugarcane in the previous research. This study aimed to demonstrate the functionality of sugarcane DHN promoter through expression analysis of DHN regulatory genes that play a role in response to drought stress. Expression analyses using RT-qPCR were also conducted on regulatory genes of sugarcane that inserted by Pr-1DHNSo construct treated with drought stress. The results showed that the expressions of  SoMYB, SoWRKY, SoNAC, and SoDHN genes were escalated on sugarcane 16 days after stress treatment ranging from 353 to 4067 folds relatively to untreated samples in which SoNAC gene showed the highest expression. On the other hand, the analysis on transgenic sugarcane carrying DHNpromoter construct showed SoNAC and SoDREB expression increased after 72 hours under drought stress. The expression values of SoNAC in transgenic and non-transgenic plants under drought condition were 4.79 and 4.99, respectively. Meanwhile, the expression values of SoDREB in transgenic and non-transgenic plants under drought condition were 13.2 and 13.3, respectively. The results of these experiments showed that the promoter construct of Pr-1DHNSo was induced by drought stress treatments highlighting the regulation of several upstream genes of SoDHN.
Selection of four types arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in oil palm seedling planted in histosol soil Maria Viva RINI; Radix SUHARJO; Lestari WIBOWO; David IRVANTO; Adhy ARIYANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 1 (2021): April, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i1.406

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial microbes for plants, especially in the absorption of nutrients and water from the soil. Some factors that influence the effectiveness of this fungus are the suitability of the AMF species with their host plants and abiotic condition such as soil characteristics. Therefore, this study aims to determine the type of AMF that produced the best growth and nutrient uptake in oil palm seedlings planting in histosol soil. This study used a single factor treatment design consisting of 9 AMF treatments, namely control without AMF (T1), given Glomus sp. (T2), Gigaspora sp. (T3), Entrophospora sp. (T4), Acaulospora sp. (T5), a mixture of Glomus sp. and Gigaspora sp. (T6), a mixture of Glomus sp. and Entrophospora sp. (T7), a mixture of Gigaspora sp. and Entrophospora sp. (T8), and a mixture of Glomus sp., Gigaspora sp., Entrophospora sp., and Acaulospora sp. (T9). Each treatment was repeated five times. The experimental design used was a randomized block design. In the AMF treatment, 500 spores per seedling were given when the seedlings were transplanted from prenursery to the main nursery. The seedlings were kept in the prenursery for 3.5 months and in the main nursery for nine months. The results showed that the type of mycorrhizal that consistently produced better seedling growth and nutrients uptake compared to the control were Glomus sp. (T2) and a mixture of Gigaspora sp. and Entrophospora sp. (T8), which supported by data on plant height, number of leaves, shoot dry weight, and total nutrient uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and B.
Structure-based virtual screening of bioherbicide candidates for weeds in sugarcane plantation using in silico approaches Galuh Wening PERMATASARI; Riza Arief PUTRANTO; Happy WIDIASTUTI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 2 (2020): Oktober,2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i2.379

Abstract

Weeds in sugarcane have negatively affected the sugar yield rate. Several approaches have been carried out to overcome the weeds, including the usage of diuron as synthetic herbicide. However, the long-term usage of diuron is known to have a negative effect leads to the production of 3,4- Dichloroaniline responsible for soil leach and bioaccumulation. Therefore, this study aimed to find a potential natural herbicide. By mimicking the diuron's mode of action which inhibits the process of photosynthesis through blocking the Photosystem II protein D1 (psbA) of the weeds, fourteen compounds as potential candidate bioherbicides were virtually docked by PyRx v0.9.5 software to the specific site. Three important species of the weeds were chosen including Eleusine indica, Praxelis clematidea, and Momordica charantia. The binding affinity score was further calculated and ranked to screen the top six compounds as bioherbicide candidates. Interaction of each complex and the biological activity prediction were then performed by Discovery Studio software and PASS server, respectively. Aurachin P, Aurachin A, and Cyanobacterin were placed in the top ranked compounds with high binding affinity score around -6 to -9 kcal mol-1 toward the psbA. The amino acid interaction involved in the complex shows 50-90% similar to the control, psbA and diuron complex. Besides, the biological activity prediction of Aurachin P, Aurachin A, and Cyanobacterin exhibits the terms related to the inhibition of photosynthesis process via enzymatic pathway. Thus, the active compounds might have inhibition action in the photosynthesis process and control  the weeds in sugarcane.
Fulvic acid – a small but powerful natural substance for agricultural and medical applications Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 89, No 1 (2021): April, 2021
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v89i1.424

Abstract

Humic substances are defined as the result of the decomposition of any organic matter, and they consist mainly of humin, humic, and fulvic acids.  Compared to humin, humic acids and fulvic acid (FA) are the most explored compounds. However, FAs are less studied than humic acids because of the usually small residual quantities.  Considering that its potential for bioactivity is stronger than that of humic acids, the current review was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of FA application for crops and soils and its potential as an immuno-modulator for humans.  The wide application of FA is challenged by two main factors affecting the quality and the effectiveness, i.e., the type of raw material and extraction method.  Lignite, low-energy coal, is the most common material for FA production besides bog, peat, and compost.  Fulvic acid extraction is done through several methods, i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), alkaline (NaOH/KOH), and/or water. The latest modified method shows that the combination of H2O2 with microwave power can recover a considerable amount of FA. However, it is still difficult to apply this method for industrial scale. Due to highly specified characteristics, FA showed a great potential to improve crop performances and soil health, making it strategic for supporting sustainable agriculture in the future through biotic and abiotic stress alleviations and sustainable yield achievement, including various plantation crops and biotechnological approach. For medicinal purposes, some studies have shown highly promising results, especially as an immuno-modulator and in combating neurodegenerative disorders as well as for cancer therapy and health food fortification, which might be in line with the new paradigm so-called One Health approach. The future market of FA is also estimated to grow in a very attractive economic value. However, as data are still limited, the wide range of potential use should encourage concerted and wide research and product development efforts to achieve sustainable agriculture and human health.
Optimasi nisbah natrium nitrat : urea dan konsentrasi nitrogen pada kultivasi Spirulina platensis untuk produksi protein dan pigmen fikosianin Rizki KURNIAWATI; Swastika PRAHARYAWAN; . TRI-PANJI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 2 (2020): Oktober,2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i2.395

Abstract

The need of nitrogen (N) for the growth of Spirulina platensis and the production of protein and phycocyanin pigment is influenced by the type of source and the concentration of N contained in the growing media. Spirulina platensis can assimilate various N sources, including nitrate (NO3-) and urea. Urea is a cheap N source and easy to be obtained. Urea can also have a role as potential N source to support the growth and the metabolites production of cyanobacteria S. platensis. Partial substitution of N source (NO3‑) to urea in Zarrouk medium for S. platensis cultivation has not been conducted before. This study was aiming at determining the optimum ratio of NaNO3 : CO(NH2)2 and the optimum N concentration in the Zarrouk medium for protein and phycocyanin production by S. platensis. Response Surface Method (RSM)-one factor experimental design was employed in this study for determining the optimum N concentration at specific N concentration range and optimum ratio of N source that had been previously determined. The results demonstrated that the optimum ratio of NaNO3 : CO(NH2)2 for protein and phycocyanin production was 1:1. The optimum N concentration for protein and phycocyanin pigment production in S. platensis cultivation were 5.13 mmol L-1 and 4.94 mmol L-1 with the increament in about 51.95% and 25.16%, respectively, compared to the standar Zarrouk medium.Kebutuhan unsur nitrogen (N) untuk pertumbuhan Spirulina platensis serta produksi protein dan pigmen fikosianin dipengaruhi oleh jenis sumber dan konsentrasi N yang terkandung dalam media tumbuh. Spirulina platensis dapat mengasimilasi berbagai sumber N, termasuk nitrat (NO3-) dan urea. Urea merupakan sumber N yang murah dan mudah diperoleh. Urea juga dapat berperan sebagai sumber N potensial untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi metabolit pada sianobakteria S. platensis. Substitusi sebagian sumber N (NaNO3) oleh urea dalam media Zarrouk untuk kultivasi S. platensis belum banyak dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nisbah NaNO3 : CO(NH2)2 dan konsentrasi N optimum yang diperlukan dalam media Zarrouk untuk produksi protein dan fikosianin oleh S. platensis. Desain eksperimen RSM-one factor digunakan dalam penentuan konsentrasi N optimum pada rentang konsentrasi N dan nisbah sumber N optimum yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nisbah NaNO3 : CO(NH2)2 optimum untuk meningkatkan kandungan protein dan pigmen fikosianin S. platensis adalah 1:1. Konsentrasi N optimum untuk produksi protein dan pigmen fikosianin pada kultivasi S. platensis ialah 5,13 mmol L-1 dan 4,94 mmol L-1 dengan peningkatan sebesar 51,95% dan 25,16%, secara berturut-turut, bila dibandingkan dengan saat dikultivasi menggunakan media Zarrouk standar.

Page 22 of 55 | Total Record : 541

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