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Menara Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
ISSN : 01259318     EISSN : 18583768     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Menara Perkebunan as a communication medium for research in estate crops published articles covering original research result on the pre- and post-harvest biotechnology of estate crops. The contents of the articles should be directed for solving the problems of production and/or processing of estate crops of smallholder, private plantations and state-owned estates, based on the three dedications of plantation. Analyses of innovative research methods and techniques in biotechnology, which are important for advancing agricultural research. Critical scientific reviews of research result in agricultural and estate biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 541 Documents
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Respons bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) terhadap pemberian fungi mikoriza arbuskular dan cekaman air [Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedling response to application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and water stress] Maria Viva RINI; Usnaqul EFRIYANI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 84 No. 2 (2016): 84 (2), 2016
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v84i2.225

Abstract

 The objective of this study was to determine the response of oil palm seedling to the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) subjected to water stress.  The treatment design used was a factorial design 2 x 5 arranged in completely randomized design.  The first factor was application of AMF i.e. without AMF (control) and inoculation with AMF (mixture of Glomus sp., Entropospora sp., and Gigaspora sp.).  The second factor was water stress i.e. no watering for 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days at the end of experiment.  Data obtained were subjected to Bartlett test to examine the treatment variance, and Tukey tests to examine additiveness of the data, and continued by analysis of variance. The results showed that application of AMF increased oil palm seedling growth through the increase in seedling height, number of leave, shoot fresh and dry weight, and percent of root infection.  Duration of water stress significantly affected oil palm seedling growth by decreasing plant height, number of leave, shot and root fresh weight, root dry weight. However, at any level of water stress, the AMF inoculated seedling had better growth compared to those control palms.[Key words: oil palm seedling, arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), water stress] AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) terhadap respons pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit yang mengalami cekaman air. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial 2x5 dalam rancangan kelompok teracak sempurna (RKTS) dengan lima ulangan.  Faktor pertama adalah aplikasi FMA, yaitu kontrol (tanpa FMA) dan diberi FMA (campuran Glomus sp., Entropospora sp., dan Gigaspora sp.).  Faktor kedua adalah lamanya cekaman air, yaitu 0, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hari tanpa disiram sebelum penelitian dihentikan.  Data yang diperoleh diuji kesamaan ragam antar perlakuannya dengan Uji Bartlett dan kemenambahan modelnya dengan Uji Tukey.  Jika asumsi terpenuhi, ragam homogen dan data bersifat menambah, maka data dianalisis ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi FMA meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit melalui peningkatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot basah tajuk, bobot kering tajuk, dan persen infeksi akar. Lamanya cekaman air menurunkan pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit melalui penurunan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah akar primer, bobot basah tajuk, bobot basah akar, bobot kering tajuk, dan bobot kering akar, akan tetapi pada setiap  taraf cekaman air, pertumbuhan bibit yang ber-FMA lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanpa FMA.[Kata kunci: bibit kelapa sawit, fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA), cekaman air]
Biosorpsi ion merkuri menggunakan jamur pelapuk putih imobil [Biosorption of mercury ion using immobile white-rot fungi] Firda DIMAWARNITA; Tri PANJI; Suharyanto MULYOPRAWIRO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i1.227

Abstract

Meningkatnya aktivitas pertambangan membawa dampak negatif bagi lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Merebaknya kasus-kasus kerusakan lingkungan mulai dari yang kecil sampai ke tahap yang bersifat serius di Indonesia merupakan dampak dari terakumulasinya kerusakan dalam jangka waktu yang relatif lama. Limbah pertambangan masih mengandung logam berat, salah satunya Hg(II). Limbah tersebut berpotensi mencemari perairan dan lahan pertanian bila tidak ditangani dengan baik.  Usaha untuk mengatasi limbah tailing dan sekaligus memekatkan (recovery) logam di dalamnya dapat dilakukan dengan proses biosorpsi menggunakan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetapkan kemampuan biomassa Jamur Pelapuk Putih(JPP) yang diamobilisasi dengan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dalam mengabsorpsi logam berat Hg (II).  Hasil seleksi JPP berdasarkan laju pertumbuhan dalam media mengandung logam berat Hg (II) dan penyerapan logam berat telah diperoleh kandidat JPP unggul yaitu Omphalina sp. Dalam media PDB,  Omphalina sp. toleran terhadap Hg (II) sampai dengan konsentrasi 5 ppm. Biomassa Omphalina sp. yang diamobilisasi dengan TKKS mampu menurunkan hingga 84-96% logam berat Hg (II) pada pH 4,0 selama 60 menit. Kapasitas biosorpsi Omphalina sp. amobil maksimum (q max) untuk Hg (II) sebesar 0,1619 mg/g sehingga berpotensi untuk bio-konsentrasi logam berat. 
Perbaikan tanah melalui mediasi hayati [Bio-mediated soil improvement] Didiek H GOENADI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i1.228

Abstract

Soil properties unsuitable to support physical requirements oftenly become problems in utilizing it for agricultural as well as construction purposes.  Most common practice to overcome the problems is by applying chemical agent which are not only expensive but also un-enviromentally friendly.  Therefore, it is imperative to seek a new, sustainable, and innovative technology to improve mechanical soil properties.  Many researches gave opportunity to utilize microbes for this idea.  However, the direct application of this technology faces some handicaps in the field, i.e. soil and pore fluid interaction, bio-augmentation verses bio-stimulation of microbial community, controlled distribution of bio-mediated calcite precipitation, and permanence cementation.  This article aims at providing a general overview regarding technological development to improve soil mechanical properties suitable for construction by applying microbes.
Effektifitas pengendalian Phytophthora palmivora dengan agensia hayati terhadap peningkatan produktivitas Kakao [The effectiveness control of Phytophthora palmivora with biological agents on Cocoa produktivity improvement] Bahar UDIN; F. RAHMAWATI; Muh. ASAAD
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i1.230

Abstract

In Indonesia, the fruit rot disease is very high in the central cocoa in the Southeast Sulawesi. The study aims to test the effectiveness of some biological agents to attack of Phytophthora palmivora. The experiment was conducted in 2015 in the village of Andomesinggo, Southeast Sulawesi. Productive cocoa plant material from side grafting results, Trichoderma harzianum DT/38, T. pseudokonongii DT/39, T. Wis Grooow, and T. asperellium specific Sultra and dithiocarbamates fungicida. The study used a randomized block design, data were analyzed with  ANOVA,  followed  by   Duncan  multiple test  dose  at t  he   level of   0.05. Research results   show  that the   percentage   and   index of  cocoa  pod   disease   attacks     decreased after controlled by T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39, T. asperellium specific Sultra  and  T.   pseudokoningii   DT/39 as well as  signify  cantly  different.   The   intensity  of the  cocoa   fruit rot disease lowest in treatment T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39 and T. asperellium specific Sultra. The highest number   of   fruit,  dried   grain  weight   and yield  of  dry  beans   is  the best obtained in giving treatment T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39 and T. asperellium specific Sultra. The highest cocoa productivity and lost lowest yield achieved by treatment of T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39 and T. asperellium specific Sultra.[Keywords: fruit rot disease, biological agents, cocoa productivity]  AbstrakDi   Indonesia   serangan   penyakit busuk buah sangat tinggi pada sentra kakao di Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian bertujuan menguji keefektifan beberapa Trichoderma spp. Ter- hadap serangan penyakit busuk buah yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora palmivora. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tahun 2015 di Sulawesi  Tenggara, Desa Andomesinggo. Bahan tanaman  kakao  produktif hasil sambung samping, Trichoderma harzianum DT/38, T. pseudokonongii DT/39, T. Wis Grooow dan T. asperellium spesifik Sultra dan fungisida ditiokarbamat. Penelitian menggunakan Rancang-an Acak Kelompok (RAK) 6 perlakuan, 4 ulangan dan masing-masing perlakuan diamti 15 tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji selang berganda Duncan pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah diberi perlakuan T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39, T. asperellium spesifik Sultra dan T. pseudokoningii DT/39 efektif menurunkan persentase dan indeks serangan penyakit busuk buah kakao yang disebabkan oleh P.  palmivora dibanding kontrol. Intensitas serangan  penyakit   busuk   buah  terendah setelah diberi perlakuan T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii  DT/39 dan T. asperellium spesifik  Sultra  dibanding   kontrol.   Jumlah buah tertinggi, bobot  biji   kering dan rendemen biji kakao kering terbaik diperoleh pada pemberian perlakuan T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39 dan T. asperellium spesifik Sultra dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Produktivitas kakao tertinggi dan kehilangan hasil terendah dicapai pada perlakuan T. harzianum DT/38 + T. pseudokoningii DT/39 dan T. asperellium spesifik Sultra dibanding perlakuan lainnya.[Kata kunci : penyakit busuk buah, agensia hayati, produktivitas kakao]
Characteristic of oil palm empty fruit bunch pretreated with Pleurotus floridanus (Pretreatment biologi tandan kosong kelapa sawit menggunakan Pleurotus floridanus) . ISROI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 2 (2017): 85 (2), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i2.234

Abstract

Pleurotus floridanus have ability on lignin degradation by producing ligninolytic enzyme and prefer to degrade lignin than carbohydrate (hemicellulose and cellulose). Oil palm empty fruit bunches has been pretreated using P. floridanus.  Addition of cation (Cu2+) on biological pretreatment reduced lignin content and increased digestibility of the empty fruit bunches. P. floridanus reduce lignin and hemicellulose content from 23.9% to 10.1% and from 20.8% to 16.9%, respectively. P. floridanus did not degrade cellulose. Cellulose content of empty fruit bunches increase from 40.4% to 51.7%. Crystallinity of empty fruit bunches reduced after biological pretreatment. Crystallinity presented as LOI (lateral order index) of un-treated and biological pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunches are 2.08 and 1.44. Digestibility of the empty fruit bunches increased from 17.2% to 60.3% by biological pretreatment.[Key words:  biological pretreatment, oil palm empty fruit bunches, Pleurotus floridanus, biofuel, white-rot fungi, lignocellulose]AbstrakPleurotus floridanus memiliki kemampuan untuk mendegradasi lignin dengan memproduksi enzim ligninolitik dan lebih memilih untuk mendegradasi lignin daripada karbohidrat (hemiselulosa dan selulosa). Kemampuan unik P. floridanus ini dimanfaatkan dalam pretreatment biologi tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Penambahan kation (Cu2+) pada pretreatment biologi menurunkan kandungan lignin dan meningkatkan digestibiliti tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Perlakuan P. floridanus mengurangi kandungan lignin dan hemiselulosa dari 23,9% menjadi 10,1% dan dari 20,8% menjadi 16,9%. Perlakuan P. floridanus tidak menurunkan kandungan selulosa. Kandungan selulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit meningkat dari 40,4% menjadi 51,7%. Kristalinitas tandan kosong menurun setelah pretreatment biologi. Kristalinitas yang dinyatakan dalam LOI (LOI, Lateral Order Index) adalah 2,08 untuk tandan kosong tanpa pretreatment biologi dan 1,44 untuk tandan kosong dengan pretreatment biologi. Digestibiliti itandan kosong meningkat dari 17,2% menjadi 60,3%.[Kata kunci: Pretreatment biologi, tandan kosong kelapa sawit, jamur pelapuk putih, lignoselulosa, Pleurotus floridanus]
Penapisan dan potensi bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceae sebagai agens pengendali hayati cendawan Pestalotiopsis sp. penyebab penyakit bercak daun pada kelapa kopyor (Cocos nucifera) [Selection and potency of endophytic bacteria from Arecaceae as biocontrol agents of Pestalotiopsis sp. causing leaf spot diseae on kopyor coconut (Cocos nucifera)] Deden ERIS; Abdul MUNIF; Bonny PW SOEKARNO; Agus PURWANTARA
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i1.235

Abstract

 Kopyor is a recessive-gene-trait coconut that has a delicious taste and high prices. One of several major problems of kopyor coconut cultivation is leaf spot disease. Endophytic bacteria originated from Arecaceae can be used as a biocontrol agents to control the disease in a sustainable way. The objective of the research was to select endophytic bacteria isolated from Arecaceae roots and leaves such as Pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes), Oil Palm (Elaeis guinensis), Kopyor Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata) and Nibung (Oncosperma filamentosa) as biocontrol agent of Pestalotiopsis sp. Fourty isolates of endophyte bacteria are not pathogen to plant or animal and human. There are seven best selected endophytic isolates that can inhibit Pestalotiopsis sp. Some of them have the ability to dissolve phosphate, produce IAA, chitinase, and fix nitrogen. Those isolates are  EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKSS 509, EAKSS 510, EAAPN 237, EAONN 545 and EAKPN 201. EAKPN 201 is the best candidate as biocontrol agent againts Pestalotiopsis sp. with 64,4% inhibition of Pestalotiopsis sp. on antagonist test. [Keywords:  Palmae, plant pathogen, antagonist agents,  antibiotict test]AbstrakKopyor adalah kelapa dengan sifat gen resesif yang memiliki rasa lezat dan harga yang tinggi. Salah satu masalah utama dalam pembudidayaan kelapa kopyor adalah penyakit bercak daun. Bakteri endofitik yang berasal dari tanaman Arecaceae dapat digunakan sebagai agens pengendali hayati dalam mengendalikan penyakit secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menseleksi bakteri endofit yang berasal dari akar dan daun tanaman Arecaceae seperti Pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes), Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guinensis), Kopyor Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Aren (Arenga pinnata) dan Nibung (Oncosperma filamentosa) yang berfungsi sebagai agen biokontrol Pestalotiopsis sp. Empat puluh isolat bakteri endofit non patogen terhadap tumbuhan atau hewan dan manusia berhasil diperoleh. Tujuh isolat bakteri endofit memiliki daya penghambatan terbaik terhadap cendawan Pestalotiopsis sp. Beberapa isolat memiliki kemampuan dalam melarutkan fosfat, memproduksi IAA, kitinase dan mengikat nitrogen. Ketujuh isolat tersebut yaitu isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKSS 509, EAKSS 510, EAAPN 237, EAONN 545 dan EAKPN 201  EAKPN 201 adalah kandidat terbaik sebagai agen biokontrol untuk Pestalotiopsis sp. dengan penghambatan sebesar 64,4% pada uji antagonis.[Kata kunci:  Palem-paleman, patogen tanaman, antagonis,  uji antibiosis]
Pemanfaatan bioinformatika dalam bidang pertanian dan kesehatan (The utilization of bioinformatics in the field of agriculture and health) Arli Aditya PARIKESIT; Dito ANUROGO; Riza A PUTRANTO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 2 (2017): 85 (2), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i2.237

Abstract

Bioinformatics can be used to manage the data storage resulted from in silico molecular biology experiments. Off-network (offline) applications require large computing resources, in which researchers in the bioinformatics field of agriculture and health sectors do not necessarily possess. This review paper addressed examples of affordable and applicable in silico analytical cases in both mentioned sectors. Genome sequence analysis and in silico drug design using (1) a computational method, pharmacokinetic parameter prediction, (2) Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD) technology, (3) potential protein action prediction, (4) OMICs application in stem cell biology, and (5) lncRNAs based database computing internet sites is one of examples. In agriculture, bioinformatics-based research has been used in (1) the development of molecular markers; (2) the design of primer for differential gene expression analysis; (3) the development of genetic maps; and (4) gene expression analysis. Further application of bioinformatics also targets the design of applicative products for pest control and the protection of plant varieties in the farm. Through this example, novice researchers in the bioinformatics field of agriculture and health sectors can conduct sophisticated research using standard computer tools, internet networks, and sufficient knowledge about bioinformatics. On the other hand, multidisciplinary collaboration between these scientists can be carried out through social networking. The synergy can be directed to improve computing capabilities and data analysis via procurement of computing resources and use of public information clusters. [Key words: genome sequences, in silico drug design, online, bioinformatics, health, agriculture.] AbstrakBioinformatika dapat digunakan dalam manajemen informasi di bidang penyimpanan data in silico dari eksperimen biologi molekuler. Aplikasi luar jaringan (luring) memerlukan sumber daya komputasi yang besar, yang belum tentu dimiliki oleh para peneliti dalam bidang bioinformatika kesehatan dan pertanian. Kajian ilmiah ini membahas contoh kasus analisis in silico yang terjangkau dan aplikatif dalam bidang kesehatan dan pertanian. Contoh kasus tersebut adalah analisis sekuen genom dan desain obat in silico, menggunakan pendekatan metode komputasional, prediksi parameter farmakokinetik, teknologi Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD), prediksi potensial aksi protein, aplikasi OMICs pada biologi sel punca, hingga komputasi basis data lncRNAs berbasis situs internet. Pada bidang pertanian, penelitian berbasis bioinformatika telah digunakan dalam (1) pengembangan penanda molekuler; (2) desain primer untuk analisis ekspresi gen diferensial; (3) pengembangan peta genetik; dan (4) analisis ekspresi gen. Pemanfaatan bio-informatika dalam ilmu terapan dibidang pertanian juga menyasar desain produk aplikatif untuk pengendalian hama dan perlindungan varietas tanaman. Melalui contoh tersebut, peneliti pemula dibidang bioinformatika kesehatan dan pertanian dapat melakukan penelitian canggih hanya dengan alat komputer standar, jaringan internet, dan pengetahuan mencukupi tentang bioinformatika. Disisi lain, sinergi dan kolaborasi antar peneliti multi-displiner dapat dilakukan melalui penggunaan jejaring sosial. Sinergi tersebut dapat diarahkan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komputasi dan analisis data melalui pengadaan sumber daya komputasi dan penggunaan klaster informatika publik.[Kata kunci: sekuen genom, desain obat in silico, daring, bioinformatika, kesehatan, pertanian]
Karakteristik antibodi anti Ganoderma sp. yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan jenis dan sumber antigen yang berbeda [Characteristic of antibodies againt Ganoderma sp produced from different types and sources of antigens] Irma KRESNAWATY; Kholis A AUDAH; Hasim MUNAWAR; Happy WIDIASTUTI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i1.239

Abstract

Basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by  Ganoderma sp. is the most important disease in oil palm plantations.The effectivity of BSR control depends on early detection of this disease. The earlier the disease is known, the severity of damage could be prevented. Therefore, technology for early detection of Ganoderma infection is very important. Immunochromatographic techniques based on the reaction of antigens and antibodies can be developed for detection of Ganoderma sp infection. The objective of the study was to produce antibodies using different Ganoderma sp. In this study, immunoglobulin Y ( IgY ) against Ganoderma sp produced in chicken eggs was used as the source of antibodies. Laying hens were immunized with several types of Ganoderma sp. because it is known to have genetic variations. The source of Ganoderma sp. isolates were mycelium and exudates. The polyclonal IgY antibodies produced economically and abundantly.  The antibodies derived from the mycelium showed more consistent results compared with those derived from the exudates. In addition, the antibodies derived from Ganoderma sp of Cimulang and Bekri showed higher reactivity  with some of the antigens compared to those from Cisalak Baru (CSB). The characteristics and the protein profiles of antibodies produced using Cimulang, Bekri  and Cisalak Baru isolates were vary in term of,  sensitivity and amino acid compositions
Pengaruh biostimulan terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu varietas PSJT-941 [Effects of biostimulants on vegetative growth of sugarcane variety PSJT-941] Soekarno Mismana PUTRA; Paramitha SUSANTI; Dian Mutiara AMANAH; Binti Khurotul UMAHATI; Saptowo Jumali PARDAL; Djoko SANTOSO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i1.241

Abstract

 A plant biostimulan made of local seaweed, Citorin, has been developed and tested increase productivity some seasonal crops such as rice, maize, soybean, chilli and onion. The research aimed to evaluate the effects of the biostimulant application on vegetative growth and productivity of sugarcane varieties PSJT-941 in polybag. The biostimulant was applied at three different stages of development of the sugarcane. With or without the addition of humic acid based biostimulan or mycorrhiza. Biostimulant-R was applied at the time the cane seedlings just before planted by by soaking in 100 ppm biostimulan for overnight, plant sugarcane leaves sprayed aged 1 month to 10 ppm Biostimulant-S much 25 ml per plant, 4 months old foliar sprayed with Biostimulant-S 10 ppm as 120 ml per plant. Of the six treatments (P2 - P7) used all showed better vegetative growths that than the control plants without biostimulan (P1). The best treatment was P3, the rise in the average height of the plants reached 13%, which is a combination of soaking and spraying Biostimulant-S 10 ppm. The following best were the treatment of P6 and P5 those were using a combination of humic acid based biostimulan plus mycorrhiza, and humic acid without mycorrhizae. Likewise, its influence on the number of tillers, P3 is the best treatment by enhancing the number of tillers on average 26% higher than the control. Next was P5 and P6. Meanwhile the influence on the average weight of harvested sugarcane, the best treatment is P7 reached 1.25 kg / per sugarcane or increased 47.1%. Next is the treatment of P4 and P6. As for the effect on the sugar content, the best treatment is P4 reached 11.2 % Bix per sugarcane or increased 13.1 %. Next is the treatment of P5 and P7. Based on the results of the assessment scoring system of three parameters the rooting, weight and sugar yield, the best treatment is the treatment of P5 and P4 P7 later, each with a total score of 13, 12, and 10. [Keywords: Plant biostimulants, productivity, sugar yield, Saccharum officinarum]AbstrakBiostimulan tanaman berbasis rumput laut lokal, Citorin, telah dikembangkan dan diuji meningkatkan produktivitas beberapa tanaman pangan semusim antara padi, jagung, kedelai, cabe, dan bawang merah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meneliti pengaruh aplikasi biostimulan tersebut pada pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produktivitas tanaman tebu varietas PSJT-941 di polibeg. Biostimulan diaplikasi pada tiga tingkat perkembangan yang berbeda dari tanaman tebu. Dengan atau tanpa penambahan biostimulan berbasis asam humat atau mikoriza, Biostimulan-R, diaplikasikan pada saat bibit tebu yang akan ditanam, direndam terlebih dahulu dalam dosis 100 ppm selama semalam, tanaman tebu umur 1 bulan disemprot daun dengan Biostimulant-S 10 ppm sebanyak 25 ml per tanaman, umur 4 bulan disemprot daun dengan Biostimulan-S 10 ppm sebanyak 120 ml per tanaman. Dari enam perlakuan (P2 – P7) yang digunakan semuanya menunjukkan pertumbuhan vegetatif yang lebih baik daripada tanaman kontrol tanpa biostimulan (P1).  Terhadap tinggi tanaman tebu umur perlakuan terbaik adalah P3, kenaikan tinggi rata-rata tanaman mencapai 13%, yaitu kombinasi perendaman dalam Biostimulan-R 100 ppm dan penyemprotan Biostimulan-S 10 ppm. Yang berikutnya adalah perlakuan P6 dan P5 yaitu menggunakan kombinasi biostimulan berbasis asam humat plus mikoriza, dan asam humat tanpa mikoriza. Demikian juga pengaruhnya terhadap jumlah anakan, perlakuan P3 adalah yang terbaik dengan peningkat jumlah anakan rata-rata mencapai 26% lebih tinggi daripada kontrol. Berikutnya adalah P5 dan P6. Sementara itu pengaruhnya terhadap rerata bobot batang tebu dipanen, perlakuan terbaik adalah P7 mencapai 1,25 kg/per batang atau naik 47,1%. Berikutnya adalah perlakuan P4 dan P6. Adapun pengaruhnya terhadap kandar gulanya, perlakuan terbaik adalah P4 mencapai 11,2 % Brix atau naik 13,1%. Berikutnya adalah perlakuan P5 dan P7.  Berdasarkan hasil penilaian dengan sistem skoring dari 3 parameter perakaran, bobot panen dan rendemen gula, maka perlakuan terbaik adalah perlakuan P7 kemudian P5 dan P4, masing-masing dengan skor total 13, 12, dan 10.                                  [Kata kunci:  Biostimulan tanaman, produktivitas, rendemen gula, Saccharum officinarum]
Pengaruh periode perendaman air dan komposisi media tumbuh terhadap keberhasilan aklimatisasi planlet sagu (Effect of water immersion period and growing media composition on acclimatization success of sago palm plantlets ) . SUMARYONO; Imron RIYADI
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 85 No. 2 (2017): 85 (2), 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v85i2.242

Abstract

Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is a carbohydrate-producing crop, commonly propagated by suckers.  The availability of planting materials in a large quantity hinders the development of commercial sago plantations.  Sago propagation by tissue culture via somatic embryogenesis has been developed to provide superior planting materials of sago palm.  One of the major problems faced in tissue culture of sago palm is the low survival rate of plantlets during acclimatization period. The objective of this research was to increase the acclimatization success of sago plantlets in term of survival rate and growth at ex vitro conditions.  The experiments were conducted using a randomized block design with two factors i.e. water immersion period and growing media composition.  The water immersion periods used were without immersion, immersion for 2 days with 1 day intermittent period, immersion for 1 day with 1 day intermittent period, immersion for 1 day with 2 days intermittent period, and continuous immersion.  The growing media used were consisted of top soil, sand, dung manure, and cocopeat at different compositions.  Sago plantlets were planted on small plastic pots and placed inside a closed plastic tunnel for 12 weeks.  Research results showed that continuous water immersion and mixed composition of soil, sand, and cocopeat (1:1:2 v/v) was the best conditions for acclimatization of sago plantlets with the survival rate of 70% after 12 weeks.  The survived plants had good leaves and roots, ready to be transferred to big plastic bags in the main nursery. [Keywords: Metroxylon sagu, sago palm, acclimatization, immersion, media composition]  AbstrakTanaman palma sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) termasuk tanaman penghasil karbohidrat yang umumnya diperbanyak dengan anakan (suckers).  Ketersediaan bahan tanam dalam jumlah besar merupakan hambatan pengembangan perkebunan sagu komersial.  Kultur jaringan tanaman sagu telah dikembangkan melalui teknik embriogenesis somatik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan tanam unggul sagu.  Salah satu masalah utama dalam kultur jaringan sagu adalah rendahnya daya hidup planlet pada tahap aklimatisasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan keberhasilan aklimatisasi planlet sagu yang meliputi daya hidup dan pertumbuhan bibit pada lingkungan ex vitro.  Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor yaitu perendaman air dan komposisi media. Perlakuan perendaman air adalah tanpa perendaman, perendaman 2 hari diselang tanpa perendaman 1 hari, perendaman 1 hari diselang tanpa perendaman 1 hari, perendaman 1 hari diselang tanpa perendaman 2 hari, dan perendaman terus menerus.  Komposisi media tumbuh yang digunakan berupa perbandingan volume penyusun yaitu tanah, pasir, pupuk kandang dan cocopeat.  Planlet ditanam di pot kecil dan diletakkan di dalam sungkup plastik tertutup selama 12 minggu.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perendaman terus menerus dan media tumbuh campuran tanah, pasir, cocopeat (1:1:2 v/v) merupakan kondisi terbaik pada aklimatisasi planlet sagu dengan daya hidup mencapai 70% setelah 12 minggu.  Bibit yang dihasilkan memiliki daun dan perakaran yang baik, siap untuk dipindahkan ke pot plastik besar di persemaian utama.[Kata kunci:  Metroxylon sagu, sagu, aklimatisasi, perendaman, komposisi media]

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